Chapter XXVII: Germany**
Fushan, 368 meters above sea level; Lonely Mountain, 110 meters above sea level.
These two mountains were two extremely important commanding heights for the German troops guarding Qingdao outside the main defensive line, and the Fushan-Gushan line was lined with peaks, the peaks were high and steep, and the terrain was extremely dangerous. There is almost no large vegetation on the mountain, there is low herbaceous vegetation everywhere, the mountain is mostly rocky, and there is a small amount of clayey soil at the foot of the mountain, and there is no way to go up or down the mountain. From halfway up the mountain, the climb is more difficult. The top of the hill was rocky, making it easy for the defenders to build fortifications. The mountain is surrounded by open flat land, and the view from the top of the mountain is unobstructed.
Since the Fushan-Gushan line was relatively close to the main defensive line and could be supported by the fire support of the flanks and rear batteries, the Germans deployed heavy troops on the top of the hill, forcing the Japanese to launch a full-scale attack on the main defensive line until they captured these two commanding heights. For the Japanese army, once the two hills are captured, the German army's defensive posture will become very bad, and its entire strength can only retreat to the inner side of the main defense line, and the Japanese army will be able to set up large-caliber heavy artillery positions in the vast area opposite the main defense line, which will be conducive to the superior forces and the German army to fight a difficult positional attrition war.
In late September, the Japanese headquarters on the outskirts of Qingdao drew up a battle plan codenamed "German Prostitute" to capture the two twin peaks, which were of different sizes but at key locations.
At the beginning of the "German prostitute" battle plan, the Japanese army divided its troops into two attack groups, left and right, and began to advance towards the Fushan-Gushan line.
As the Germans reduced their forces to the preset positions in front of the two mountains, on the first day of the march, the Japanese troops on both flanks were not blocked by the German army units during the advance, and the 10th and 11th squadrons of the 48th Infantry Wing of the right flank troops quickly occupied the high ground south of Xidazhuang, and the 11th Squadron occupied the high ground on the west side of Yanjia Mountain. Only the 3rd Squadron of the Japanese Field Artillery, when it was heading towards the Yanjiashan area, was spotted by the German gunboats Jaeger and S-90 patrolling the waters of Jiaozhou Bay, and the two ships immediately opened fire on the Japanese horse-drawn artillery convoy. The fierce artillery bombardment made it impossible for the Japanese artillery to move forward, so they had to disperse and hide. The huge explosion startled the horses to jump wildly, and the Japanese artillerymen who were in a hurry hurriedly unloaded their harnesses, erected and assembled the guns, and fired back at the German ships at sea one after another, but because the body of the field guns was too short and the range was not enough, they had to brave the German artillery fire again. During the artillery battle, many horses were hit by shells, and the equipment they carried also suffered great losses.
In the afternoon, the Japanese left flank troops also successfully occupied the southern heights of Li Village, and some soldiers were stationed at the foot of the mountain south of Li Village, but it was within the range of German artillery.
In the early morning of the next day, after the Japanese vanguard arrived near Liujiaxiazhuang, the mountain artillery unit began to set up artillery positions and fired artillery bombardment at the German troops located on the high ground near Jiazhuang in South Korea. In order to better observe the whereabouts of the German troops, the Japanese army sent a reconnaissance team to the vicinity of Xiaobu East to conduct reconnaissance, and soon found that the Germans had artillery observation posts on the top of the floating mountain in the distance, and the telescope observed the figure of the German troops haunting the rocks on the mountain peaks, and the Japanese troops immediately sent more than a dozen infantry squads to drive away the German reconnaissance troops.
After a day of fighting, the vanguard of the Japanese army gradually occupied the line from Shimantou Mountain to Jinjialing, and sent forward troops to search the line from Gushan to Fushan. The artillery unit was stationed near Songjiaxiazhuang, and then engaged in an artillery battle with the German skirmishers occupying the western heights of Beicun, and then exchanged fire with the German troops on the Wadsey Heights. However, the Japanese whip was beyond the reach of the short whip, and the artillery bombardment on the high ground on the west side of the Jialing Ditch was ineffective, and then they fired artillery on the Wadsey Heights, but the whip was still out of reach. The Japanese then decided to build a passage road as soon as possible, so that the heavy artillery could be pushed forward to make up for the lack of range.
The 3rd Wing of the Japanese Army's Field Heavy Artillery set out from Zhongcun, first turned to Liuting, and then passed through the Baisha River to transport the heavy artillery to the line of Goutabu and Danshan. In view of the danger of being shelled by German gunboats in the western part of Cangkou during the day, the Japanese specially arranged to march at night and take advantage of the darkness to transport heavy artillery to its destination.
Under the threat of Japanese heavy artillery, the German commander ordered all German units to retreat from the preset positions set up north of Gushan and Fushan, and left monitoring posts on the way back to closely monitor the Japanese advance. The German field heavy artillery brigade, which had six 120-mm cannons, four 88-mm cannons, and three 150-mm howitzers, deployed two 120-mm cannons on the 58-meter elevation northeast of the Sifang, the 136-meter elevation on the northwest side of Tangjiakou, and the Wadsey Heights, and two 88-mm cannons on the 60-meter elevation on the Gushan Heights and the western elevations of Damai Island.
On the morning of the third day, when the Japanese army crossed the Licun River, the Germans immediately concentrated their artillery fire on the crossing point, and then shelled the Japanese infantry and artillery units near Liujiaxiazhuang, Chejiaxiazhuang, and Jinjialing. The heavy artillery bombardment not only caused the advancing Japanese troops to lose a large number of soldiers and supplies, but also greatly slowed down their advance.
Under the guidance of the German observation post at the top of the floating hill, the Austrian cruiser Catherine. The Elizabeth used the ship's four 150-mm naval guns in Jiaozhou Bay to fire at the Japanese artillery in the northern highlands of Li Village, and later carried out artillery bombardment near Li Village and Yanjiashan, while the gunboats Yaeger and S-90 in the bay were tasked with destroying the Japanese infantry fortifications. The two gunboats also sailed to the sea in the southwest bay of Cangkou and fired at the Japanese infantry units near ****, Shigou and Wenchang Pavilion to prevent the Japanese from following quickly.
On the fourth day of the implementation of the battle plan, the positions of the Japanese field artillery wing on the east side of Henan began to open fire on the German Stave Heights. The 6th Squadron of Japanese Field Artillery fired with 105-mm howitzers, while the Germans returned fire with 75-, 88- and 120-mm cannons. The Japanese mountain artillery squadron stationed on the southeast side of the small port also began to fire on the Wadsi Heights, and for a time the Japanese field artillery and mountain artillery of various calibers fired at the German positions. In the afternoon of the same day, the German artillery positions in the southwest of Tangjiakou began to support the Wadsey Heights, and the 3rd Field Heavy Artillery Wing of the Japanese Army also joined the artillery battle to suppress the German artillery positions in Tangjiakou, but due to the unknown target, the Japanese had to pause after the blind shelling.
In the evening of the same day, the 46th Infantry Wing of the Japanese Army received an order to attack the right side of the German position, and the 2nd Brigade of the 2nd Brigade launched an attack on the line from the west side of Fushan to the north side of the Wadsy Heights, and the 3rd Brigade launched an attack on the German positions from the back of Fushan to the south of the same heights, and the 2nd Brigade was to attack the 6th and 8th Squadrons of the 2nd Brigade, and the goal of the attack was to seize the area west behind Fushan. While the 6th and 8th squadrons were still on the march, they were continuously shelled by the Germans on the Wadsea Heights and the small heights on the north side.
In the early morning of the fifth day, the vanguard of the Japanese army came to the northwest line behind Fushan, and at the same time, the third brigade of the 55th Wing of the Japanese army also began to move to the high ground at an altitude of 89 meters. According to the order, the 10th and 11th squadrons of the Japanese army launched an attack on the German troops on the heights of Hongshanpo, and after the battle began, the Japanese army first sent two squadrons to meet the enemy, and the other 9th squadron was on guard at the northern foot of the 58-meter-high ground; The 11th Squadron advanced at its southern foothills. At this time, the German artillery in Tangjiakou and the infantry heavy machine guns on Hongshanpo opened fire on the Japanese troops, and soon the German gunboats in the bay also opened fire on the flanks and rear of the Japanese vanguard. The German crossfire from both sides caused hundreds of casualties on the spot among the attacking Japanese troops, and the large Japanese army immediately stopped at the foot of the hill when they saw this.
After a short rest, the Japanese decided to change the route of march, first crossing the small river on the east side of the hippo stone by part of the troops, making a detour from the side of the German army, and waiting until the roundabout Japanese troops reached the designated position, and then the main force continued to advance. The Japanese mountain artillery squadron quickly switched to a new position and came to the North Village, and other horse-drawn artillery wagons also entered the village one after another, in order to prevent German artillery bombardment, each artillery carriage was spaced about 100 meters apart. Due to the heavy German artillery fire, the Japanese mountain artillery squadron had to stop in the village, and had to move its gun positions frequently to prevent being hit by German shrapnel shells. After the Japanese had finished setting up their artillery on the northwest side of North Village, they began to fire on the Wadsey Heights. Soon the German artillery fire stopped, and the Japanese turned to the infantry positions at the front of the high ground to open fire. A small squad of Japanese artillery saw the main artillery firing, and immediately advanced to the east of Dabu to finish setting up its artillery, and then opened fire on the Wadsi Heights.
The 2nd Brigade of the 46th Infantry Wing of the Japanese Army continued to advance to the north side of Fushan, and launched an attack on the German troops on the Wadsea Heights and the line of Yanzunding on the south side. The observation post of the 3rd Wing of the Japanese Field Heavy Artillery basically found out the specific location of the German artillery positions based on several hours of observation and measurement. The 1st Brigade of the Japanese Army opened fire on the German positions in Tangjiakou and was responsible for suppressing the German artillery. First test firing was carried out by the 2nd squadron, and then the rest of the artillery carried out effective firing. At this time, several huge shells suddenly came from the direction of the Ilqis Mountain Fort in the city, and the shells landed on the Japanese artillery positions very accurately. Suddenly, there was thick smoke on the Japanese position, and the huge explosion shook the ground slightly, but the Japanese still insisted on firing artillery. In order to suppress the German artillery fire as soon as possible, the 4th Squadron also fired at the Germans on the south side of the Jialing Ditch; The 5th Squadron opened fire on the Wardsea Heights; Then the 2nd Field Artillery Group also began to fire on the Wadsey Heights, and in the evening, the Japanese shelling stopped. The artillery of the 1st Group test-fired at the German position at Jialinggou 10 minutes later, and the other artillery fired on it. As night fell, the German artillery positions fell silent, the Japanese stopped shelling, and the infantry began to advance along the line behind Hippo Shi-Fushan.
On the sixth day of the Japanese army's combat operation, after arriving in the area of Fushan in the morning, the 46th Wing prepared to capture the first-line position of the 150-meter-above elevation in the south of Fushan, which was held by the Germans, first occupied the 150-meter-high ground above the elevation, and then attacked the German troops on the top of Yanzun on the flank. At 9 o'clock in the morning, the Japanese troops came to the vicinity of the 68-meter high ground in the west behind Fushan and began to shoot at the Germans. The Germans on the Wadsey Heights also began to return fire. At 10 o'clock, the 12th Squadron of the Japanese Army moved along the ridgeline of the 150-meter-high ground to the north, followed by the 10th and 11th Squadrons. The 3rd Brigade of the 55th Wing stayed at the small river east of the Hippo Rock. At about 11 o'clock in the morning, the vanguard of the Japanese army came to the 68-meter-high ground at an altitude of 68 meters to the southwestern line behind Fushan.
On the Gushan position, whenever the German artillery began to fire, the Japanese heavy artillery, field artillery and mountain artillery would come together to the German position. Just when the Japanese artillery gradually gained the upper hand, the 6th Squadron of the 3rd Wing of the Japanese field heavy artillery spotted the German mine ship S-90 patrolling the opposite sea area on the Sanguanzhuang position, and immediately fired at it. At a distance of 4200 meters, Japanese artillery used armor-piercing grenades to fire at German ships. The Japanese shells landed around the German ship, stirring up a tall column of water, but the S-90 ignored it, and just kept changing positions to prevent the Japanese artillery from correcting the fire, so the S-90 continued to observe the position of the Japanese artillery positions at close range. After 20 minutes of shelling, the German mine-striking ship headed south. After the S-90 sailed out of the effective distance of the Japanese field and mountain guns, it took advantage of the long range of the naval guns and began to bombard the Japanese artillery positions. Then the cruiser Catherine. The Elizabeth and the gunboat Jaeger also arrived. The S-90 mine-striking ship fired its first gun to mark the specific position of the Japanese position, and then other German ships launched a fierce artillery attack on the Japanese artillery position, only to see thick smoke billowing from the Japanese position, fragments scattered everywhere and craters, many guns were destroyed, and many Japanese artillery and observation troops were also killed or wounded. The Japanese counterattack fired only more than 40 shells, and the position was silenced by the German ships. Seeing this, the Japanese command urgently ordered fire support, and soon after, the Japanese heavy artillery group in the distance also joined the ranks of bombarding the German ships, and the fierce artillery battle between the two sides lasted for two hours before it subsided.
The 7th Squadron of the 46th Infantry Wing of the Japanese Army, after driving away a small detachment of German troops near the 150-meter-high ground behind Fushan, came to the right position of the German troops in Yanzunding, followed by the 3rd Brigade of the Japanese Army. At noon, the Japanese attacked, and the 11th Squadron first rushed into the German positions on the Wadsey Heights, but the Germans were nowhere to be found. At the same time, the 7th and 12th squadrons of the Japanese army climbed the Yanzun Heights, and the 10th Squadron also broke through to the Wadsey Heights on the flank, and the Germans retreated in the direction of Fushan before the Japanese attacked.
German cruiser Catherine patrolling the southern part of Cangkou Bay. The Elizabeth, with the cooperation of the gunboat Jaeger, opened fire on the Japanese and then turned its guns to fire heavily at the Japanese heavy artillery unit near Sanguanzhuang. Until noon of the same day, after firing at the outflanked Japanese vanguard troops, they launched artillery bombardments on Heyu Street and Shuiqinggou in Li Village to delay the Japanese attack.
Compared to the activity of the German fleet, the Japanese Navy did not show anything at all in this combat operation. After being attacked by German aircraft, they had completely retreated to a distance of several dozen nautical miles east of Jiaozhou Bay, and there was no further support for the attack on land, which also allowed the German coastal batteries to fully deal with the Japanese Army units attacking from the flanks.
After the Japanese offensive plan was delayed by the combined efforts of the German artillery and navy, the German infantry launched a counterattack against the Japanese troops who had already occupied part of the position, and most of the Japanese troops were driven back to the starting position.
At this point, the Japanese army's "German prostitute" battle plan was declared bankrupt. After learning the code name of the Japanese army's plan, the German soldiers jokingly claimed that the Japanese emperor was raped by German prostitutes. The first phase of the Japanese-German War was basically over, and the German army still occupied the frontal defensive positions outside Qingdao and the commanding heights of Fushan and Gushan, and confronted the Japanese army in this resistance. The Japanese did not launch a new offensive until the arrival of the second batch of reinforcements in China, and during this time, the situation in Europe was also developing rapidly......