Albin Durmaz put down the coffee in his hand and looked with interest at his new friend on his left, Jimmy Martin, a China correspondent for the British Daily News. "Martin, what are you writing about? It's been an hour, and you're still so focused?? ”

Durmaz is a Swede. As one of China's potential allies in the war, and as one of China's traditional friendly countries, Swedish journalists enjoy first-class preferential treatment in China.

He didn't have to go through the trouble of 'finding' the news every day, and at five o'clock in the afternoon, someone would get enough news to him in this café, and all Durmaz needed to pay was a ten-yuan bill - the headlines or comments that the Ili newspapers were going to publish tomorrow.

Seriously, in this era of poor transportation, these reporters sent to China really don't need to work hard to find news, they just need to sit and wait for the Chinese news newspapers, and then send the 'old news' to Shanghai in pigeons, and Shanghai's senior classes, business representatives, ambassadors, etc. will decide what kind of news to send back to China as soon as possible, and what kind of news does not need to be urgent at all.

Every year, the time for merchant ships to and from the east and west is fixed, and the general news is that they travel thousands of miles from east to west, and if there is a real need to deliver urgent information, it will be too costly.

So Durmaz doesn't understand why Martin is so 'conscientious'. They are different from those Chinese journalists, who send out press releases every day to the headquarters of their newspaper, and China may have the most pigeons in the world, but it is also very tense to disperse across the country, so they tend to compete for pigeon nest resources.

And Martin always had to 'refine' the information he received and then send it back to Shanghai, which was really incomprehensible in the eyes of Durmaz.

Albin Dulmaz asked again, feeling that Martin was not writing a press release or combing through the newsletter. These two things are the most important things in the journalistic profession, even if they are friends, they will never pay attention to them, let alone ask them.

But Martin wasn't just writing for an hour, he was drawing, on the blank paper on the side, which seemed to be long lines that Durmaz would not peep at. But as a veteran journalist, he can be sure that this is not combing through the records of the newsletter.

Martin looked up, he glanced at Albin Durmaz, and instead of speaking, he shook his head vigorously. It seems that his head has been hooked for too long, making him a little dizzy.

"It's been an hour, God, it's been so long." The coffee was all cold. "I'm sorry, Dulmaz." It's rude to leave your friends aside and go about your own business.

"No need to say sorry. We're friends. I'm just curious what you're doing! Albin Durmaz took a sip of his coffee. An hour or more in a café is a common occurrence for Durmaz. Know that his home country is Sweden, not England.

In Sweden, there is a way of life called Fika, about coffee. Swedes love coffee as much as Italians, and Fika is the proper name for Swedes to take a coffee break, and this is not an afternoon tea for the British. Choosing a nice café to sit down with a cup of coffee, with different desserts depending on the season, and sigh at the length of winter or the beauty of summer is the most important thing to look forward to in a day in Sweden.

As a journalist who has become more and more lazy since arriving in China, Durmaz spends more and more time in cafes. You must know that the Swedes have a lot of preferential treatment in China, and Durmaz can also meet a lot of compatriots in China. These were not employees of the Swedish East India Company, but Swedes who had been 'sold' to the East by the East India Company.

All of them have obtained permanent residency in China, and each of them has their own new life experience.

The income and living conditions of these scholars and technicians in China are generally very good, and they are definitely the middle class in Europe.

After arriving in Shanghai from Stockholm, Durmaz only needs to talk to these Swedes in Shanghai and Nanjing about his new life and new life, and he can hand over a press release that will be greatly admired by the newspaper.

It was this hateful war that forced him to leave the beautiful and comfortable Shanghai and come to Yili thousands of miles away. Although he also saw the vastness and richness of China along the way, he preferred to sit in a café near the sea in Shanghai and enjoy the beautiful view of the port through the large glass windows compared to the life in Yili. Merchant ships, warships and small and medium-sized fishing boats are docked in the harbor, seagulls and seabirds fly around, you can enjoy the scenery of Shanghai from the most beautiful angle, drink coffee and chat, and look at the beautiful scenery of the city port, that is the real enjoyment.

"If it's about work, don't say it. I asked, I think you ......, it doesn't look like you're sorting out work records just now. ”

Jimmy Martin beckons the waiter for a cup of coffee. The man leaned back in his chair, "Not a work note, of course." I'm just curious about those changes that are going through the lives of Kazakhs, they are becoming more and more like Chinese, aren't they? Like the Mongols and natives here. The Chinese have a great influence in the Kazakh steppe, but the Chinese have only been here for a short time. Compared with the time of the Russians, the results of the activities of the Chinese are too obvious. I wondered how they managed to do all this in such a short period of time. ”

Martin said as he handed the piece of paper on which he had written and drawn to Albin Dulmaz, his mind still a mess.

The Tatar Empire before Chen Han completely wiped out the Dzungar Mongol Kingdom after a hundred years of war, and then the Kazakhs, who had been bullied by the Dzungars, naturally offered their knees to the Tatars in Beijing.

However, the Tatar rule over Xinjiang was not stable, and it was not until the year when Emperor Chen was eight years old that the Tatars completely quelled the war of resistance of the natives of Xinjiang. Emperor Chen was not yet sixteen years old when he raised his army. The interval between this is short.

Compared with the time when Russia entered the Kazakh steppe, the time for the Chinese to wade into the Kazakh steppe was as short as a meteor crossing the sky.

"Daily News" is the first major newspaper in Britain, it is the earliest newspaper in Britain, after the outbreak of the North American War in China, began to send reporters to China, Martin is not the first, he is the third group of reporters to China.

As a journalist with a keen sense of smell, Martin's eyes were not only fixed on the war, but also on the submissive attitude of the Kazakhs towards China, and the sudden 'rebellion' of the Turk cavalry.

Yes, in Martin's eyes, this kind of behavior of Turgut is not 'anyway', but the most standard 'rebellion'. It's simply synonymous with betrayal.

Moreover, Martin, who is very particular about studying 'background information', has also pulled out a lot of 'mysteries' from the Kazakhs. For example, for Nanjing's most dog-legged Dayuzi, their ethnic structure is very complex, and the main tribes are Kangli (i.e., Kangju), Turgish, Dulat (i.e., Dulu), Zarayir, Alban, Suwan, Shariwusun, Srgri, Isti, Ushakti, Shaprasit, Khatakgan, etc. Among them, the Turgish is the core tribe of the Great Yuz.

And what does Turgish have to do with China?

It's going back a thousand years. At that time, China was still ruled by the Tang Dynasty, and China during the Tang Dynasty can be said to be a peak of ancient China.

And the Turgish was a member of the defeated Western Turks under the Sheng Tang Dynasty.

In the more than 100 years that the Tang Dynasty has operated the Western Regions, there have been surrenders and rebellions. His Khan Sulu once plundered the four towns of Anxi with Tibetan troops, besieged Anxi City, and occupied the outpost of the Tang Dynasty in the Hezhong region for a long time, which is the birthplace of Li Bai. Finally, in 736 of the Western calendar, the Chinese Beiting (or Jimusa) all covered Jiayun in the ancient city and broke Sulu.

After the defeat of Sulu Khan, his strength was sharply reduced, and he was overturned by his general Mohe Dagan, who first surrendered to the Tang Dynasty, but within a few years he killed the governor sent by the Tang Dynasty, and finally was defeated and killed by the Tang general Meng Lingcha two years later.

Because of this defeat, the Turgish were also divided into two, attacking each other, and finally benefited from the battle of Hengrus, who won the great benefit of the Qarluq fishermen.

It's hard to say whether the ancient relations between the Turkishs and China were good or bad, but now they are indeed the most loyal dogs of the Kazakh steppe. Its leader, Abilis Khan, after dispatching the first 10,000 cavalry, gathered 10,000 cavalry and rushed to the Western Siberian plain.

Of course, Martin didn't know that this was because after the annihilation of the First Army of the Russian Eastern Front, the Turks officially returned to the Chinese camp, and Chen Han's 'intention' of preparing to seal the country in the western part of the national border was timely transmitted to the ears of the Kazakh nobles.

In fact, before this, this 'intention' had already been faintly revealed to the three Kazakhs, but it had never been so clear. And when this 'intention' was transmitted to the ears of the Kazakh aristocracy, the purpose of this 'intention' was also introduced.

Emperor Chen wanted to create a 'wall' between his own borders and the heavenly world, as well as the monotheistic religions of Europeans.

In other words, if the Kazakhs of the Three Tents are willing to become independent, then the phenomenon of their whole people believing in the Heavenly Religion is inappropriate.

After this information was transmitted to the Kazakhs, there were no too violent clashes within them. For these high-ranking aristocrats, changing their beliefs is a price to pay.

In the Kazakh environment, it is difficult to say how strong their belief in the Heavenly Religion really is.

You must know that the Kazakhs have their own primitive beliefs, just like the nomads in the Mongolian steppes, they believe that all things have spirits, so the heavens, earth, sun, moon, stars, water and fire have become objects of worship. Horses, cows, sheep, camels, and other livestock all have their own gods. Grass is the god of life. The tree by the river is a sacred tree. If a person dies, his soul is immortal, so ancestor worship also has a great influence on the Kazakh people.

They believe that everything in the world is governed by gods, and that good gods bring happiness to people and evil gods bring disasters to people.

Tianfangjiao was only accepted by the Kazakh people in the late Ming Dynasty, which was a long-term and slow process, and in the previous collisions and conflicts, the combat effectiveness could not catch up with the original belief of Tianfangjiao, and some forms were also changed, and some forms of Islam were adopted, which are still preserved in pastoral areas. Among the Kazakhs, they believe in the heavens and also believe in "Bacchus", "Baligar", "Duzina", "Chayk" and so on. In fact, these gods resemble the "shamans" among the northern nomads. The "shaman" is the incarnation and agent of the gods. Their main duties are to dance gods, divination, and chant mantras in pastoral areas, so as to exorcise ghosts for the sick, pray for blessings for hunters, pray for good weather, keep people and animals safe, and so on.

And because of this tradition, the upper echelons of the Kazakh aristocracy don't seem to pay much attention to some of the news that has passed on to the past.

In the case of Abiris Khan, that is a good proof of this.

In Chen Ming's design drawing, it is also very simple to add the location of the three tents of Kazakh. Even he didn't ask the Kazakhs to convert so quickly. Because Central Asia in his understanding has never been a Kazakh steppe.

At the moment when the Kazakhs of the Three Accounts took the initiative to choose to submit, Chen Ming felt that there was no need for the Kokand Khanate, the Khiva Khanate, and the Bukhara Khanate.

But this process needs to be 'done' by the Kazakhs themselves. At most, Chen Han sent troops to cooperate in the battle, so he would not work for them.

And looking at the current situation of these three khanates, the politics of the Vasi Khanate were chaotic, and the Khan king Gape was purely a puppet in the hands of the Uzbek chieftains.

The Bukhara Khanate had just completed a change of dynasty when Massan Shah Murad kicked Abu Ghaz, the last Khan of the Astrakhan dynasty and his father-in-law, out of power.

Its national strength has entered a stage of rejuvenation. But will Chen Ming take the Bukhara Khanate in his eyes?

Finally, the Kokand Khanate, which was founded more than forty years ago during the Puppet Qing crackdown on Xinjiang, took in some of the Walla nobles who had fled from the Xinjiang region, as well as Hezhuo, who had previously ruled the Tarim Basin.

If history had not changed, Kokand had unsuccessfully appealed to Ahmad Shah Durrani, the king of the Abdari dynasty of Afghanistan, to secure his right to trade with Xinjiang and submit to the Qing court, becoming a vassal state of the puppet Qing dynasty.

It was not until its strength developed to its peak that it began to turn its face and deny people, and actively interfered in the salary territory, which in turn caused the Zhang Ge Rebellion in the Daoguang period. As for the later Aguba, it was a representative of the development of this idea to a peak.

In the current era, Chen Han's 'Qifeng prominence' made Kokand not become a vassal state of the puppet Qing Dynasty, on the contrary, they also unscrupulously hired the remnants of the original Dzungar army, the Kyrgyz (Kyrgyz), as mercenaries to enrich their military strength. Embark on your own path to the unification of the Ferghana Basin.

Chen Ming has always turned a blind eye to it. On the contrary, the Kokand State took the initiative to send envoys to Nanjing, intending to exchange submission for their monopoly of foreign trade in the Xinjiang region. Of course, this will not be accepted by Chen Ming.

Then the officials on both sides stopped interacting with each other.

Kokand merchants could trade in Kashgar and other places in southern Xinjiang, but there were no benefits.

After Da Yuzi gradually regained his strength, he took the initiative to suppress Kokand, and then Zhong Yuzi. If it weren't for the fact that Xiaoyuzi was far away in the Caspian Sea and had nothing to do with Kokand, I'm afraid that Achuwak would also be involved. Then there is no need for Chen Han to make a move, Kokand is a little anxious now.

Martin was genuinely curious.

Compared with Russia, which has limited strength [the Ottomans, the great enemy of life and death, have not completely fallen], isn't the powerful China more threatening to Kazakhstan? They are still changing the beliefs of the Kazakhs, why are the Chinese so good mixed in the Kazakhs?

According to the information he has gathered, the influence of the Chinese within the Kazakhs has simply increased exponentially. Kazakhs have a much better sense than China than Russia, and many Chinese sent to Kazakh tribes receive a warm welcome from Kazakhs.

It's really weird, Martin really doesn't understand.