In this morning's current affairs education class, Professor Zhang from the Department of Military Construction was originally planned to conduct education on the international situation, but due to the opening ceremony of the 15 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China this morning, it was temporarily adjusted to watch the opening ceremony of the 15 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China!

In the solemn Great Hall of the People and the majestic sound of the national anthem, the third generation of leading collectives collectively entered the venue. Pen? Interesting? Pavilion wWw. ｂiquge。 The third generation of info leaders entered the synagogue with a smile, applause, and a red face.

Then, the third generation of leaders, began the political report of the 15th Party Congress.

"Comrades. I now make a report to the General Assembly on behalf of the previous Central Committee. ”

The third-generation leader made political reports with his characteristic Jianghuai accent.

The students sat in front of the big-screen TV and listened attentively.

The report is divided into ten parts, first, the retrospective and outlook of the turn of the century. Second, the work of the past five years. Third, the historical status and guiding significance of the theory. Fourth, the basic line and program for the initial stage of socialism. ”

"To build a socialist economy with Chinese characteristics means to develop a market economy under socialist conditions and to constantly emancipate and develop the productive forces."

"To build socialist politics with Chinese characteristics means to govern the country according to law and develop socialist democratic politics under the leadership of the party and on the basis of the people being the masters of the country."

"To build a socialist culture with Chinese characteristics is to take Marxism as the guide, with the goal of cultivating idealistic, moral, educated, and disciplined citizens, and to develop a national, scientific, and popular socialist culture that is oriented to modernization, the world, and the future."

Listening to the general secretary's report, the students felt that they were familiar with these parts and should have learned them all in the political theory classes of the university.

"Fifth, the reform of the economic system and the strategy of economic development. Sixth, the reform of the political system and the building of democracy and the legal system. Seventh, the construction of culture with Chinese characteristics. ”

"Comrades, after talking about economic, political, and cultural tasks, I would like to talk about national defense and army building here."

Every student listened carefully to every word and sentence of the report. In particular, when we heard about national defense and army building, everyone listened more seriously, because this is a matter that has a bearing on their own vital interests and is closely related to everyone.

"Strengthening national defense and army building is the basic guarantee for national security and modernization. The thinking of the second generation of leaders on army building in the new period is the inheritance and development of the military thinking of the first generation of leaders, and is a scientific guide for the building of our army and national defense. It is necessary to actively promote the building and reform of the armed forces in accordance with the general requirements of being politically qualified, having a strong military skills, having a fine work style, being strictly disciplined, and providing effective support. The revolutionization, modernization, and regularization of the armed forces have been raised to a new level. In the glorious course of 70 years, the most fundamental reason why we have been able to withstand all kinds of tests and continue to grow and develop is to rely on the strong leadership of the party. Under the new historical conditions, the armed forces must unswervingly uphold the party's absolute leadership, obey the command of the party Central Committee in all ideological and political actions, uphold the nature and purpose of the people's army, implement the military strategic principle of active defense, strengthen the quality of army building, and build a crack army with Chinese characteristics. We should administer the army strictly, strengthen ideological and political construction, carry forward the fine traditions of our army, and march in the forefront of the whole society in the building of spiritual civilization. It is necessary to adapt to the profound changes in the world's military field, strengthen education and training, and enhance the defense and combat capability under the conditions of modern technology, especially high technology. ”

"On the basis of the reduction of 1 million military personnel in the 80s, our army will reduce the number of military personnel by another 500,000 in the next three years. We should attach importance to strengthening the armed forces through science and technology, strengthen research on science and technology for national defense, improve the operational mechanism of the national defense industry that is compatible with the socialist market economic system, and gradually update our weapons and equipment. The armed forces must be subordinate to and serve the overall situation of the country's economic construction, and build the armed forces with diligence and thrift. Party organizations, governments, and the masses at all levels are concerned about and support the building of national defense and the armed forces. Strengthen national defense education, enhance the concept of national defense of the whole people, and carry out the work of supporting the government, loving the people, supporting the army, and giving preferential treatment to family members in an in-depth and sustained manner......"

"What, to disarm? You won't cut us, will you? The students whispered.

"How is that possible? We had just graduated, and according to the regulations of the army, we were not yet of the age of transfer. It's impossible to lay us off at such a young age. But it may have an impact on us, that's for sure. Our troops won't be laid off, will we? Everyone whispered.

In the afternoon, the first session was a class on the guiding ideology of army building.

After patiently listening to the lecture of Instructor Hai, everyone had some questions to be concerned about.

"After today's lecture, I would like to stay for a while and continue to communicate with you!" Instructor Hai, and then set aside time for everyone to communicate, "Whoever has any questions, you can report and raise your hand to ask!" ”

"Report! I have a question." At this time, Sun Xiliang, the ninth squad leader of the third district team, first raised a question.

"Teacher Hai, in the political report of the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China this morning. The third generation of leaders has made the important decision to disarm 500,000 people in the next three years, and we do not know the background and content of this disarmament. Can you tell us about it? ”

That's a great question! "I'd love to discuss this issue with you. Oh, and the topic of disarmament is not new, our army has experienced similar many disarmaments since its founding, especially since its founding. Now, let's first review this journey. ”

"Let's start with the Army. What is Army? The army is an army that is mainly responsible for land combat missions, which was initially dominated by infantry, but has now gradually developed into a composite army that includes infantry, artillery, armor, engineering, communications, and chemical defense troops.

After the liberation of the whole country, along with the development of the international and domestic situation and the improvement of weaponry, the composite system of our army and the army was gradually formed by streamlining the number of military personnel, reducing infantry, and developing special forces. ”

After taking a sip of water, Instructor Hai continued:

"On the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the army combat units had a total of 16 corps and 61 military departments, with a total strength of about 4.2 million people. The vast majority of them were infantry units, with only a small number of artillery, engineer and chariot units.

In the course of the campaign to cross the river and carry out the strategic pursuit, the army was expanded while fighting, and the army strength grew to 5.2 million by 1950.

In April 1950, in order to save military spending, the army was streamlined and reorganized, with emphasis on reducing the army. Through the reorganization, the total number of troops was reduced by 370,000.

During the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the army's technical equipment was greatly improved. By the end of the war. Infantry units were basically replaced with Soviet-style equipment. The quantity and quality of artillery, armor, engineers, and other arms have improved, and by the end of 1951 the army strength had reached more than 5.8 million.

In January 1952, in view of the fact that the situation of the Korean War had basically stabilized, it was decided to continue to streamline and reorganize the army. By the end of 1953, the number of personnel in the whole army had been reduced by 1.68 million, mainly in army units, and the number of infantry divisions that had been collectively transferred to civilian work reached 19.

At the end of 1953 and the beginning of 1954, a meeting of senior party cadres in the national military system decided to continue to streamline and reorganize the troops. By the end of 1955, the army had been reduced by 23 per cent of its personnel, of which the army had been reduced by about 29 per cent. By March 1956, the troops stationed in the border and coastal defense were unified and reorganized into garrison units.

With the all-round development of socialist construction, in order to further reduce military expenditures, we should use the limited funds to ensure key construction and improve the quality of the armed forces. In January 1957, the enlarged meeting of the Central Military Commission adopted a decision on reducing the number and quality of the armed forces and a plan for adjusting the organizational establishment of the whole army, deciding to reduce the total number of military personnel by one-third, with the focus of the reduction on the army. The army's combat units have all been converted to peacetime establishments, and are divided into two types: full-strength divisions and reduced-strength divisions.

By the end of 1958, the quota had fallen to its lowest point since the founding of the People's Republic of China, about 56 percent of the 1949 level. At the same time, the army's weaponry has been improved, and a number of domestically produced weapons have begun to equip the troops one after another, such as Type 56 submachine guns, automatic rifles, squad machine guns, Type 56 85-mm cannons, Type 54 122-mm howitzers, Type 59 medium tanks, and so on. At this point, the Army's system of combining various arms of the armed forces has been basically formed, and it has initially possessed the ability to carry out joint combat missions under modern conditions.

From February to May 1962, the Central Military Commission convened a meeting on the establishment and armament of the whole army, and in accordance with the instructions on the need to reorganize armaments and warfare, discussed and determined the principle of reorganization, decided to readjust the army's corps and division structure, divided the army divisions into three categories: full-strength, ordinary, and small, and for the first time implemented two types of divisions: the southern division and the northern division. Later, the establishment structure of the garrison was adjusted, and the public security corps was reorganized into an independent division. By the mid-60s, the total number of Army personnel had increased by 38% compared to 1958.

At the end of the 60s, with the further tension between China and the Soviet Union, the army reorganized a number of corps and divisions, and expanded dozens of divisions, and the total number of army units increased by 61% compared with 1962. The domestically produced Type 62 light tanks, Type 63 armored transport vehicles, Type 63 amphibious tanks, Type 63 107 mm and 130 mm rocket artillery, 152 mm cannons and howitzers have been equipped with troops one after another.

In June and July 1975, the "Report on Reducing the Army's Quota, Adjusting the Establishment System, and Arranging Cadres with Excess Numbers" was adopted, and it was decided that the whole army should carry out a streamlining and reorganization with the reduction of military personnel and the adjustment of the establishment system as the main content. The army was reduced by 31.3 percent, and the infantry divisions were divided into full divisions and condensed divisions in peacetime. The independent tank regiment to which the armored corps belonged was reorganized into a tank regiment attached to the army. The anti-tank and anti-aircraft firepower of the corps and divisional units has been strengthened.

Since 1980, the Army has carried out three large-scale reorganizations. The first time was in August 1980, when the Central Military Commission decided to take advantage of a relatively stable and peaceful environment to reorganize the armed forces and effectively solve the problem of bloated personnel and huge staff. The main reason is the downsizing of some garrison units, the abolition of local armed forces in some provincial military districts, and the transfer of some border troops to the public security departments. The total strength of the Army was reduced by another 27 per cent compared to 1979. The second time was in September 1982, when the Central Military Commission decided to further streamline and reorganize the troops. The principle is to combine elite troops, synthesis, peacetime and wartime integration, and improve efficiency. The total number of troops was reduced by 17.5 per cent. In a small number of group armies, experiments have been carried out to organize and reorganize into group armies, the garrison units have been reduced and reduced, and helicopter units have been formed in some military regions. The third was in 1985, when the Central Military Commission made a strategic decision to reduce the number of military personnel by 1 million on the basis of a scientific analysis of the international strategic pattern and the war situation. The army was reduced by 31 per cent, by 30 per cent, and by 23 per cent. The retained army corps was changed to a group army, and the military region ---- the system of a group army. A large number of special forces units have been enriched within the group army, so that various arms of the armed forces have been organically integrated, and the firepower, assault force, mobility, protective force, and rapid reaction capability of the group army have been greatly enhanced, and the overall combat power has been unprecedentedly enhanced. ”

Instructor Hai seemed to come prepared, looking at the lecture script in his hand and telling the story.