On the tenth day of the twelfth lunar month of the second year of the Great Song Dynasty and the seventh year of the reign of King Kai of Goryeo (1129), the generalissimo of the Jin State to conquer the south, Wanyan Zongbi, together with the deputy marshal Yinshuge, and the 30 Jurchens of Baishan, totaled 100,000 horses, and launched a crusade against Goryeo for the eleven crimes of disobeying the previous agreement, colluding with the Zhao and Song dynasties, and conniving at the border army to bully the Jurchen people. Pen % fun % Pavilion www.biquge.info

THE SO-CALLED FORMER COVENANT HERE IS THE FIRST TIME THAT THE JURCHEN HAO LAIDIAN TRIBE WAS INVADED UNDER THE COMMAND OF WANG YONG OF GORYEO SUJONG, BUT IT WAS DEFEATED AND THE HAO LADIAN TRIBE WAS MADE AN AGREEMENT.

Of course, this is obviously a mess in terms of talking about it, when Goryeo and the Jurchen Haolaidian Department fought a nine-year "Battle of Haolaidian", which was a war of aggression launched by Suzong Wang Hao and ended by Goryeo Ruizong Wang.

At that time, the "Lazy Dian", also known as the Lazy Road, included the valley of the Douman River (now the Tumen River) in the north, the Hamhung region in the south, the Changbai Mountains in the west, and the Sea of Japan in the east.

Around the third year of the Great Song Dynasty (1100), when Aguta was already beginning to show its edge, the Jurchen tribal alliance with Wanyan as the core wanted to unify the Jurchen tribe of Haolaidian, and "all the tribes of Haolaidian wanted to attach", which was originally a convergence movement in the development of the Jurchen nation from dispersion to one.

However, in this regard, Goryeo, which is adjacent to Holadian, was very uneasy, "fearing that it would be unfavorable to be close to itself, so that others would be invited to stop it", and Goryeo wanted to "expand the territory and open up the border" to Holadian, and the conflict between the two sides was inevitable.

At that time, Akuta's elder brother Wanyan Uyashu had just inherited the chieftaincy, and he sent envoys to Goryeo four times to negotiate, but to no avail. Moreover, Goryeo went so far as to detain the Jurchen representatives in the negotiations, and continued to induce the "people of the five waters" in the Lazidian area to join Goryeo. So Wu Yashu "sent Shi Shihuan to Yili Bone Ridge with the soldiers of Xingxian and Tongmen, recruited soldiers, tended to revitalize Nirvana, inquired about the lazy land, and collected the rebellion in the seven cities." ”

This is the first month of the ninth year of the "History of Goryeo and the Suzong Family", Xin Si article states: "The Eastern Jurchen chieftain Wu Yashu and other departments are old and have a gap. Sending the help of the father-in-law to send troops to attack it, and the cavalry came to the outside of the Tundingzhou Pass" The so-called "rebellion against the Seven Cities" refers to those Lazydian people who had earlier expressed their attachment to Goryeo, such as the elders of other tribes.

However, at that time, Goryeo miscalculated the situation, and actively prepared for armed intervention, and "sentenced the soldiers and horses in the northeast to the northeast with the subordinate squire Pingzhang Shilin, and the Imperial Xuanzheng Palace granted iron shops to prepare for it." In February of the third year of Chongning of the Great Song Dynasty (1104), Lin Gan and others led troops from Dingzhou to invade Haoladian, and were immediately attacked by the Jurchen alliance army, and the Jurchen army took advantage of the victory to occupy Dingzhou and Xuande two cities.

Lin Gan and others were defeated, lost their troops, and were dismissed by Bo, and had no choice but to resend Yin Guan as the commander of the camp in the northeast, and once again led his troops to invade Haoladian, which was also stubbornly resisted by the Jurchen army. At that time, the Goryeo army "fell into more than half of the dead and wounded, and was unable to recover, so they humbly made peace and formed an alliance and returned."

"Jin Shi Goryeo Biography" recorded that "in April, Goryeo came back to attack, and Shi Shihuan took 500 people to the Kuodengshui and drove the remnants of the people to the border. As a result, the king of Goryeo (that is, the king of Sujong) said, "Those who sue the border provocateurs are all officials of Xiangdan, Penduri, and Xibihan." 'The fourteenth regiment and the six envoys in Goryeo all returned to them and sent them to ask for peace. ”

After the two sides negotiated peace, Wu Yashu immediately sent Xiege to Holadian to "pass through the Zheng Frontier", and then ordered Shi Shihuan to "establish the shogunate in Sanxiaoshui (now Daecheon, Beiqing, North Korea)", punished "those who tasted Yin and Goryeo as disorderly ranks", and completely controlled the Holadian area. Although Goryeo "talked about peace and formed an alliance", it did not give up its attempt to occupy Haolaidian, so the defeat and peace was a delaying tactic, but in fact, it expanded its armaments in an attempt to counterattack.

Later, only three years later, that is, in the first year of Daguan (1107), Goryeo appointed Yin Qian and Wu Yanzhong as the chief and deputy marshals, tore up the contract, led an army of 170,000, numbered 200,000, and launched a comprehensive attack on Holadian by land and water in five ways, and conquered Holadian in one fell swoop, and also built nine cities in the land of Holadian.

Although in the end, Goryeo still did not resist the Jurchens' desperate counterattack, and finally had to negotiate peace again and return the nine cities to the Jurchen Lazy Dianbu. But all in all, in short, in history, there is indeed such a thing as Goryeo Suzong and Jurchen asking for peace, and there is also a letter of agreement signed in black and white.

Besides, there were no international tribunals or organizations such as the United Nations at this time, so naturally there was no lawsuit to fight, so the Jurchens wanted to come to crusade, and the Koreans could only be soldiers to cover up the water.

Immediately, when the Jin State's crusade was delivered by the envoy to Dingzhou, which belonged to the border city of Goryeo, the Goryeo people did not panic, and immediately used Tuo Junjing, who had been deposed and exiled before, as the general, and ordered the Bewuban Shenqi and Shenbu armies, which were already stationed in Gucheng, Heecheon and Anju, to quickly reinforce Goryeo Dingju (Jinguo Dingzhou is present-day Dandong, and Goryeo Dingju is west of present-day Guseong, North Pyongan Province, North Korea), and put on a posture of wanting a decisive battle with the Jin army and the line of Dingzhou, Guseong, and Heecheon.

In fact, the Jin army has been gathering in Yiju for a long time, and Goryeo will not be aware of it, so as early as the early stage of the Jin army's assembly, it has already strengthened the defense of the first line of Gucheng, but now that the Jin army has sent the war letter to Dingzhou, it has also adjusted the focus of defense slightly.

It's just that after the Jin army swore an oath on the tenth day of the first month of the month, although it was indeed along the main road to Dingzhou, the speed was outrageously slow, basically only thirty or forty miles a day, almost the same as the marching speed of the Song army's infantry, and Goryeo Tanma even saw the so-called 100,000 troops, more than half of them were old and weak, and they were all on foot.

This is only a short distance of more than 200 miles from Yizhou in Jinguo to Dingzhou, Goryeo, but the result is that the Jin army walked for eight days, and went down to Dingzhou on the eighteenth day of the month before coming to the city of Dingzhou, and then they also camped on the north, east and west sides of Dingzhou in a disorderly manner, and besieged and confronted each other.

However, I don't know whether it is God's blessing, or the bad luck of the Jin army, early in the morning of the nineteenth day of the lunar month, it snowed heavily again in the sky, and at noon it evolved into a blizzard, the Jin army was too busy to take care of itself, naturally there was no siege, until it rained for two days and two nights in a row when the heavy snow gradually stopped on the morning of the twenty-second day of the lunar month, the Goryeo guards also looked at the city wall and learned that the tents built by the Jurchens under the city were mostly collapsed by snow, and it was initially estimated that at least two or three percent were frozen by the blizzard.

However, before such good news could be reported to Kaijing, at dawn on the morning of the 21st day of the lunar month, under the city of Pyongyang, which was located in the rear of the first line of Guicheng, a team of soldiers and horses of the Jin State suddenly appeared without warning.

At that time, the defenders of Pyongyang City were naturally frightened by this sudden appearance of soldiers and horses, although they fought hard for a whole day, but they were still breached at dusk, and the only thing that the escaped Goryeo soldiers remembered was that the battle flag hanging high in the ranks of the Jin army was painted with a delicate and small flying bird, that is, the Jurchen partridge - Hai Dongqing.