How to refine high-quality steel has become the most urgent thing to solve at Lotte.

At this time, Le Tiancai understands what it means to specialize in art, and his own thinking of future generations is undoubtedly ahead of this era, but the relative lack of professional knowledge is unable to make his own ideas a reality, and he has the thinking of future generations, at most he can only write on paper, and sooner or later he can only be surprised by the future generations, and will not bring any changes to this era.

Not only does it take good steel to make a steam engine, but it also needs good steel to make artillery, which has to make Lotte think about steel.

Based on the lack of common sense of steel in his previous life, Lotte knows that steel can be divided into three types: pig iron, wrought iron, and steel. Pig iron is an iron-carbon alloy with a carbon content greater than two percent, and pig iron in later generations is a product smelted by blast furnace iron ore, with a carbon content of mostly between two and four .3 percent, in addition to iron, it also contains carbon, selenium, manganese, phosphorus and other elements, and pig iron has a good cutting. Wear resistance and casting performance, but the tensile strength is not enough, can not be forged, can only be used to manufacture castings.

Lotte remembers what he had seen in his previous life, the artillery of the Ming and Qing dynasties was made of pig iron, and the mold was first made, and the molten iron of the pig iron was poured into the pre-made mold, and after cooling, the mold was stripped off to become the initial mold blank of the artillery, and then further processing was needed to become a usable artillery.

It's just surprising that the Qing Dynasty's cannon casting technology is not as good as that in the early Ming Dynasty, especially in the process of manufacturing pig iron, the molten iron often contains a large number of bubbles, so that a large number of sand hole gaps are formed after cooling, which is very easy to cause explosions, and hurt yourself before hurting the enemy.

Wrought iron is a relatively pure iron refined from pig iron, with a carbon content of less than 0.02 percent, also known as wrought iron and pure iron. Wrought iron has a very soft texture, good plasticity, good ductility, can be drawn into wires, has low strength and hardness, and is easy to forge.

Steel is a general term for iron-carbon alloys with a carbon content between 0.02 and 2.1 percent. In the actual production of later generations, steel often contains different alloying elements according to different uses, so that steel has different characteristics.

Thinking of this, Lotte can't help but have a headache, for people in this era, even the blacksmith who makes a living by striking iron and making iron may not be able to distinguish the difference between pig iron, wrought iron and steel, and it is even more difficult to think of making steel that meets the requirements.

The initial hurdle of making high-quality steel could not be passed, and artillery could only be talked about, not to mention steam engines with higher steel requirements.

There are many difficulties, but there is always a way to overcome them, so Lotte consulted many ancient books and communicated with craftsmen, and Lotte also had a considerable understanding of the current process of making steel in the Great Song Dynasty, and these blacksmiths usually make swords or furniture for a living.

With the current iron-control technology of the Great Song Dynasty, most of the tools were made by the steel filling method. The so-called steel filling method is an iron smelting method formed in the Tang and Song dynasties, which uses pig iron and wrought iron as raw materials, heats them to the melting point of pig iron, and smelts them together.

Lotte suddenly remembered that the Great Song Dynasty was not as good as the Liao State in the iron-smelting process, and the Liao State often gave swords made of iron as gifts to the Great Song Dynasty.

According to these craftsmen, the Wei and Jin dynasties were the heyday of 100 steelmaking, because the refining of 100 steels was extremely labor-intensive and time-consuming, so since the Tang Dynasty, the steel filling method was used to replace the 100 steelmaking method, which greatly reduced the time of smelting, but for the process of 100 steelmaking, these craftsmen still have some people to know, it is the ancient "fine iron" heating and forging more than 100 times, one forging and one weighing one light, until the catties are not reduced, that is, hundreds of steelmaking.

To make it clearer, 100 steels are steel and its processes made by repeatedly folding and forging deformation. It is characterized by repeated heating and forging, and repeated forging can eliminate steel inclusions, so that its composition tends to be uniform, the structure tends to be dense, the grain is refined, and the performance of steel is improved.

As long as enough time is spent, it is acceptable to make a sword that can be sharpened into clay from a hundred smelted steel made by forging technology, but it is obviously not possible to use it to make artillery, and the accessories used to make a steam engine are a little time-consuming, but it is not so much to care about.

The specific process is to burn the iron billet red and then continue to forge, and then burn red and then continue to forge after cooling, which can be described as time-consuming, but Lotte has found another way, using a waterwheel to drive the hammer, only a craftsman will burn the fine iron red, and then the red-hot iron will be sandwiched to the hammer driven by the waterwheel to forge, so repeatedly also save a lot of manpower.

……

How to refine qualified steel has become a problem that Lotte dreams of solving, so much so that it has reached the point where the tea and rice are not fragrant.

After a day of running around the blacksmith shops in Biandu, and when I returned home in the evening, Lotte didn't want to eat anything, so I fell motionless on the couch.

"Husband!"

While Lotte was drowsy, Maude Diji walked into the house.

Hearing Maode's voice, Lotte lazily sat up from the couch and arched his hand: "Mrs. Diji! ”

"Husband, what are you doing here?" Maude was a little unhappy about Lotte's move.

Lotte said very formally and helplessly: "Mrs. is the proud daughter of the sky, if the husband is not good manners, I am afraid that he will be impeached for the crime of neglect!" ”

Emperor Maude pursed her mouth: "If you are so respectful to me again, I will go to my father and sue you!" ”

"You and I will sue you and you?" Lotte asked rhetorically.

"Sue!" Emperor Mao looked at Lotte with a little anger on her face, and then continued: "In my opinion, you are polite to me, which makes me feel very outside, and I feel from the bottom of my heart that my husband has a sense of rejection and alienation, but I envy my husband for being so casual and unrestrained when you get along with Sister Qu." ”

"Really?" Lotte lowered her voice.

Emperor Maud nodded earnestly.

Bringing his face closer, Lotte grinned: "Wait for me later, I promise to be not polite to you at all!" ”

Emperor Maode's face immediately blushed, and she turned white and lotte fiercely. After a while, Emperor Mao gently sniffed Lotte's shirt, and couldn't help but tighten her nose: "The smell of sweat on my husband's body is so heavy, hurry up and go to the bath, I'll wait and wait for my husband to have dinner together!" ”

"Well, take a break and go!" Lotte nodded, and then the whole person fell asleep on the couch again.

"I heard that the husband has recently summoned a lot of craftsmen, and he is walking among the iron shops in the city, I don't understand this, Yifujun's elegance, not chanting poems to appreciate flowers and tea, how to mix with those people, it is really a loss of the identity of the husband." Maude Diji looked at Lotte sleeping on the couch and said.

After a pause, he said, "Now that you and I have been married for half a month, you should also go to the houses of my royal brothers and sisters." ”

"My husband is busy with a big thing!" Lotte, who was sleeping on the couch, said weakly, then sat up and looked at Maude, and said, "Do you want to go anywhere you want to go one day in a boat that doesn't need people to row and doesn't need to be driven by sails?" Do you want to take a car that doesn't need to be pulled by oxen and horses one day, and travel to every corner of the Great Song Dynasty? ”

Hearing Lotte speak like this, after experiencing the initial shock, Emperor Maude put her hand on Lotte's forehead and exclaimed, "Husband, won't you be tired and feverish?" ”

"I'm fine!" Lotte took Maude's hand on his forehead away.

Obviously not believing in Lotte, Maude put his hand on Lotte's forehead again: "It's not hot, why does the husband say stupid things?" ”

"I'm not talking nonsense!" Lotte was a little crying and laughing, and then said: "Have you ever heard that in the Spring and Autumn Period, the public loss class used to use wooden birds to fly in the sky for three days and three nights? ”

"I used to have nothing to do in the palace, and in order to pass the time, I have also read some idle books, the flying birds made by Lu Ban, and the wooden oxen and flowing horses made by Zhuge Kongming in the late Han Dynasty, I have read them, although they are mysterious and mysterious, but I have never seen anyone do it." Emperor Maode's eyes showed a little goodness: "Mo Feifu Jun wants to make these legendary things?" ”

Lotte shook his head: "Flying birds, wooden cows and flowing horses, these things are too low-tech, and the husband is not interested and has no time!" ”

Hearing Lotte say this, Emperor Mao became better and better: "What did the husband say before, a boat that doesn't use pulp and no sails, and a cart that doesn't need oxen to pull a horse, what is the bottom of it?"

Lotte smiled: "A boat that doesn't need people to row and doesn't need to be driven by sails is called a ship, and a car that doesn't need to be pulled by cows and horses is called a train!" ”

Emperor Maude shook her head: "I don't know what the ship and train are that my husband is talking about, but I know that these things belong to the things that are not elegant and skillful, and reading and learning is the right way, so I advise my husband not to waste his studies." ”

"I have three official residences, and I don't need to take the test to gain fame, what is the use of the four books, five classics and six arts?" Lotte couldn't help but refute this, paused and said: "The Four Books and Five Classics are just teaching people the truth of being a man, as for the six arts are just entertaining ears, to put it more realistically, these so-called truths and entertainment are not as real as the farmers who cultivate and the weavers who weave the cloth for my Great Song Dynasty."

The rice millet from the farmer's field can wrap the belly of the people of the world, the cloth woven by the weaver woman can warm the body of the people of the world, and the weaving of agriculture is the foundation of the world. ”

Hearing Lotte say this, Emperor Mao De was immediately ashamed, if he didn't marry himself, how could Lotte fall to the point of idleness, if Lotte didn't marry himself, he was trying the case in Dali Temple at the moment, and he was doing his Le Qingtian.

Sighing softly, Emperor Mao De reminded: "But the skill is not on the table after all, the husband is addicted to this, if it is passed out, it will inevitably not be ridiculed by the emperor's relatives." ”

"Sneer?" Lotte couldn't help but raise his eyebrows and chuckled: "In Le's opinion, the imperial relatives of this dynasty can't be politicians and officials, and secondly, they can't learn and be vassals who don't know how to be elegant, and they have nothing else to do, just rely on Yulu to eat rice worms waiting for death, and if I turn this train and ship into reality, I don't know how much convenience it will bring to the Great Song Dynasty, and how can they get along." ”

Since ancient times, talented people have been arrogant, especially people like Lotte, who originally had a great future but because of the emperor's concubine, and the future was ruined, and I am afraid that it will be a stomach of complaints.

Hearing Lotte's words, Emperor Maude was silent, knowing that what Lotte said was also the truth, but more often because Lotte had fallen to the point where it was now, he was dissatisfied and complained, and his heart became more and more disgusted with Lotte.

Feeling that his words were a little heavy, Lotte hurriedly said: "I'll go wash up, and we'll have dinner together when we come back!" ”

Feeling more and more guilty, Emperor Mao De answered, stopped when he walked to the door, and said: "The palace has a lot of books, if the husband has nothing to do, he can enter the palace and ask his father and husband to read it!" ”

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