After visiting the conventionally powered submarine, Yang Wenbin and others visited the nuclear-powered submarine again.

In this exercise, our navy dispatched a conventionally powered submarine and a nuclear-powered submarine.

The main difference between a nuclear submarine and a conventional submarine is the source of power.

For conventional submarines, the main power comes from steam engines or diesel-electric units.

Nuclear submarines, on the other hand, use nuclear reactors as a power source. It is a strategic force in a country's submarines, and it is the main form of realization of sea-based nuclear forces in the "trinity" of military nuclear energy in the current military concept.

China's nuclear submarines are the main force of the Chinese Navy's nuclear submarine forces, and as a symbol of national deterrence, they have given full play to their due role.

In the past, it was mainly deployed in the North Sea Fleet, but now, all three major fleets are deployed, but the North Sea Fleet is still the strongest in strength.

Relying entirely on its own strength, China has built a nuclear submarine force capable of effectively consolidating coastal defense and defending national sovereignty, territorial integrity, and unity.

The underwater endurance of the nuclear-powered submarine is 200,000 nautical miles, and the self-sustaining power is 60-90 days. As a strategic strike force, it can be equipped with ballistic missiles with nuclear warheads or aeronautical missiles.

According to armament, it can be divided into torpedo nuclear submarines and missile nuclear submarines. Nuclear submarines are a strategic force in a country's submarines, and they are the main form of realization of sea-based nuclear forces in the "trinity" of military nuclear energy in the current military concept.

In military warfare, it has attracted much attention because of its strong endurance.

In the military minds of some countries, nuclear submarines are the most powerful weapon against nuclear-powered aircraft carriers.

Yang Wenbin had heard that during the strait crisis in the mid-90s, two aircraft carrier formations of country M were dispatched to the strait to show off their might, but later they retreated overnight.

The reason for this is that the M army detected that the nuclear submarine moored in the Bohai port was nowhere to be found.

Fearing a sudden attack from underwater, he suddenly retreated.

Early nuclear submarines were armed with torpedoes. Later, due to the development of missiles, missile-carrying nuclear submarines appeared.

After the nuclear submarine is equipped with missiles, two types have emerged: one is the attack nuclear submarine with short-range missiles and torpedoes as the main weapons; The other type is ballistic missile nuclear submarines with medium- and long-range ballistic missiles as their main weapons.

Attack nuclear submarines are mainly used to attack enemy surface ships and submarines, and can also undertake escort and various reconnaissance missions. Ballistic missile nuclear submarines are an important transfer of strategic nuclear forces.

Strategic missile submarines are submarines that use shipborne nuclear missiles to carry out combat-ready nuclear attacks on important targets on the enemy's land. It is mostly nuclear-powered, its main armament is submarine-to-surface missiles, and it is armed with torpedoes for self-defense.

Strategic missile submarines, land-based strategic missiles, and strategic bombers together constitute the three pillars of the nuclear military in the nuclear deterrence and nuclear strike forces of various countries, and they are the one with the strongest concealment and the greatest suddenness of strikes.

During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union not only had the ability to destroy each other, but also had the ability to destroy each other several times.

The U.S. strategic nuclear forces are the world's largest nuclear strike group.

The general trend of development of Russia's strategic nuclear forces is to reduce their quantity, improve their quality, and extend their service period. Considering that in the future, the cost of dropping a sea-based nuclear bomb will be 54 to 56.5 percent cheaper than that of a land-based nuclear bomb, and the nuclear submarine may become Russia's most "economical" nuclear strategic system.

Although Britain has only sea-based nuclear forces, it has a high survival rate and has a US nuclear umbrella.

The French see the Triumph-class nuclear submarines as "the last key to solving strategic problems." Even India, which has just stepped into the threshold of the nuclear weapons club, has spared no effort to develop a secondary nuclear strike force.

Israel is also trying to rely on a limited number of Dolphin-class conventionally powered submarines to be equipped with cruise missiles with nuclear warheads, so as to have a second-strike nuclear capability.

From the end of 1985 to the beginning of 1986, China's nuclear submarine successfully carried out a test of maximum self-sufficiency, sailing safely for more than 20,000 nautical miles, breaking the record of 84 days of maximum self-sufficiency of the US "Nautilus" nuclear submarine, and demonstrating the advantages of China's nuclear submarine in good maneuverability, seaworthiness, concealment, and stable and reliable operation of the power system.

The power operation system of nuclear submarines mainly relies on nuclear reactors, and the slightest mistake can lead to accidents, and some of them are even catastrophic tragedies like the former Soviet Union's shipwreck and death in the waters near Norway. Therefore, the nuclear safety of nuclear submarines has always been a major concern of countries that possess nuclear submarines.

The Chinese Navy has always prioritized the nuclear safety of nuclear submarines. It has been learned that the Central Military Commission's requirements for the nuclear submarine force are: Nuclear safety must be ensured by 200 percent.

China's first nuclear submarine has been safely navigating for almost 30 years now. China is the only country in the world where a nuclear submarine has not been involved in an accident. This proves that China's nuclear submarine power operation system and nuclear safety are in a leading position in the world.

Missiles launched underwater by Chinese nuclear submarines have been inaccurate – compared to land-based launches. The second missile launch of the same boat was a cut short of the first.

This is due to the vibration caused by the first missile on the next ready missile platform. Other technical performance of China's nuclear submarines has also shown good safety and reliability.

It is said that in the 24 years from 1958 to 1975, there were 66 nuclear submarine accidents and 21 wrecks in various countries around the world.

The most famous is the shipwreck of the Soviet torpedo K-8 class nuclear submarine "November" in 1970. The boat was diving 300 nautical miles north of Spain, but unfortunately an electric fire broke out at a depth of 160 meters, the air regeneration device burned down, one of the two nuclear reactors automatically shut down under the accident alarm signal, and the well-trained captain immediately turned off the other thermonuclear furnace, but seawater poured in through the sealed hatch of the incineration, and the submarine sank before it could surface, and all the officers and men and a hydrogen bomb carried on board fell forever into the dark and boundless abyss.

In the 60s of the last century, the US torpedo submarine "Thresher Shark" was ordered to conduct deep diving tests, and dived to 2,550 meters 220 nautical miles east of Cape Fort in Massachusetts, but never surfaced again. Since then, the United States has forever abandoned this kind of manned experiments, and all deep-sea explorations have been carried out using remote control equipment. The 2,550 meters below the water has become the "limit of death".

The military significance of deep diving capability is not great, if there is a "perfect martial arts", one or two hundred meters under the water is enough, but the ability to sail long is crucial.

The reason why the nuclear submarine is called the "second nuclear strike force" is because it is a latent and mobile missile base, which can hide under the water for several months without the need for fresh air outside, and even if the military facilities on the territory have been completely destroyed by the enemy's first wave of nuclear strikes, and our side has only one nuclear submarine left, it can still retaliate with a tooth for tat. The reality is that all five nuclear powers have nuclear weapons, so it is difficult to start a nuclear war between them.

Neither deep diving nor long-distance voyage tests can replace the actual combat exercises of underwater launch of strategic missiles, and this is where the ultimate military value of nuclear submarines lies.

After years of construction, the number and total tonnage of the Chinese Navy's nuclear submarines have continued to increase, and the scope of activities has gradually expanded to the western waters of the Pacific Ocean and the waters of the Xisha and Nansha Islands.

The Chinese Navy's nuclear submarines have also coordinated with surface ships and naval aviation on many occasions to participate in combined training in attacking enemy sea formations, blockading islands, and conducting reconnaissance and counterreconnaissance, thus effectively enhancing their capabilities in rapid response, electronic countermeasures, ocean-going navigation, deep-sea attacks, coordinated operations, and logistical support under the conditions of modern warfare.

The purpose of participating in the China-E joint military exercise this time is to adapt the nuclear submarine to the requirements of different sea conditions for actual combat.

Relying entirely on its own strength, China has built a nuclear submarine force capable of effectively consolidating coastal defense and defending national sovereignty, territorial integrity, and unity, which has attracted worldwide attention. According to incomplete statistics, the heads of navies of dozens of countries have visited the attack nuclear submarines of the Chinese Navy, including the chief of operations of the US Navy, the naval chiefs of staff of Britain and France, and the Russian Navy.

[.]