Chapter 88 On Cultivation and Fertilizer
The general grain yield in the Han Dynasty is a small mu of three stone millet, of course, the weights and measures of the Han Dynasty and the modern metric system are different, roughly a modern mu = 66.67 hectares = 1.4 Eastern Han Dynasty mu = 3.38 Eastern Han Dynasty small mu, and the Eastern Han Dynasty one stone is actually only 26.4 kilograms, so the harvest of one small mu and three stones, converted to the modern mu yield, is only 26.4x3x3.38 of 268 kilograms less. Note that this is converted to a modern metric system and the yield is only 268 kg.
But what about rice? It seems that there is a text in a primary school textbook that tells primary school students that the hybrid rice cultivated by Uncle Yuan can have a yield of more than 1,000 kilograms per mu, which is more than three times or even four times that of millet. And to Lu Ren...... Well, excluding the double-cropping rice that crops twice a year, minus half the yield, and about double the corn.
As for the question of rice varieties, Lu Ren had read the agricultural works such as "Tiangong Kaiwu" after the Han Dynasty and before the Xinhai Revolution, and combined with the modern scientific farming technology he held, so Lu Ren finally positioned the yield of single-season rice at a figure of about 600 hectares per mu. Roughly converted, each Han Dynasty mu should be able to have a yield of 177 kilograms, that is, 6.7 Eastern Han Dynasty stones. In order to remove some risk values for insurance, Lu Ren has a high degree of confidence in positioning the output at five Eastern Han Dynasty stones.
But how does Li Dian know this? Li Dian only knew that under normal circumstances at that time, only when the sky was full of beautiful wind and rain in the past year, would there be a situation where five stones per mu would occur. Now seeing that Lu Ren is talking so much, Li Dianhui does not have doubts in his heart, it is false.
Lu Ren saw the doubts in Li Dian's heart, and after thinking about it, he smiled again: "Han Duwei is a millet and wheat, right?" Yes, then we can also plant a little, 30 acres each. Let him know that I don't just know how to grow rice, but can beat him by planting anything else, and when the time comes, I will compare the yield per mu with him, and I must let him lose convincingly! ”
"......" Li Dian was speechless, and said in his heart You just said that Han Hao came to gamble with you this time, and now why aren't you gambling with Han Hao?
However, Lu Ren is now the boss after all, and Li Dian can only do what Lu Ren ordered. After thinking about it again, Li Dian advised Lu Ren: "Brother Lu, after all, we are both under the account of Cao Gong, and we can't lose harmony with each other, so I hope that Brother Lu can be more cautious." Now there is nothing to do, and the pawn will retire first. ”
Lu Ren nodded, and after saluting Li Dian separately, Li Dian went about his own business, while Lu Ren climbed to the lookout and looked at Han Haoyingtun on the other side of the river.
For this gamble, Lu Ren is still a little worried. Theory is theory, what kind of situations are in actual operation, Lu Ren is really not sure, such as modern ones such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and tractors, Lu Ren does not have them, and he has to think of other ways to solve them. And as soon as he thought of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, Lu Ren slapped his head and scolded secretly: "Damn, why did you forget such an important matter?" When I came here in winter, I didn't get it because it wasn't the right time, and after the beginning of spring, because of the patronage of raising seedlings, I encountered a lot of messy things, and I actually forgot about it! Fortunately, it's just time to plant the seedlings and get the farm manure out! ”
As soon as he thought of this, Lu Ren jumped down directly from the lookout platform more than three meters high, took a big step to chase Li Dian, and shouted in his mouth: "Man Cheng, I just remembered something very important, you hurry up and gather dozens of people for me!" ”
What is farmhouse fertilizer? In fact, it is the poop of humans and animals, but it can only be used after a certain amount of fermentation. There are 2,500 or 600 people in the tun, and it should be enough to gather them in Lasa...... If it's not enough, there's no way, you can't let your subordinates run dozens of miles to Juancheng to pull poop over, right? However, Lu Ren vaguely remembered that when he was very young, he often saw old farmers pulling manure trucks on the streets.
Why don't you reach out to Han Hao's 3,000 people? This idea was shot by Lu Ren as soon as it came to mind. Regardless of Han Hao's opinion of himself, it is very difficult to say that this matter is really difficult to do. There is a river between the two tuns, and if you want to transport fertilizer, you have to cross the river, which is too inconvenient. And you can't let the other party's people run to you when they want to poop, right? It's strange if you don't pull up your pants like that. In contrast, it would be more practical to think of other feasible solutions.
Soon Li Dian gathered dozens of people, and Lu Ren said that he was going to build a public toilet. This is not a big deal, and everyone naturally received their orders one after another. But when Lu Ren said that he would concentrate everyone's poop and dig a septic tank to ferment the poop into farmhouse fertilizer and then apply it to the field, everyone's faces became very exciting.
Lu Ren was prepared for this. In fact, when he put grain to help the hungry people before, Lu Ren, who had decided to farm the fields, specifically asked the farmers among the hungry people about their methods of planting crops, and unexpectedly found that the farmers in the Han Dynasty did not apply agricultural fertilizer when farming, and the unrestrained planting method made Lu Ren, a modern person who did not know how to farm at all, be ashamed. Modern people, even those in the city who have never been in the field, probably all know the folk proverb that "farming without farm fertilizer is a white seed", but in the Han Dynasty, farming was no fertilizer, so it is no wonder that the yield will be so low, and it is completely to eat according to God's face. (Note 1)
However, at this time, it is obviously unrealistic to explain the matter of farm fertilizer to these dozens of people, so Lu Ren's approach is to immediately sink his face, take out the frame of an official, and scold: "Let you do it, do it honestly, if something goes wrong and you are blamed, I will naturally bear it." Alright, go ahead and do it! ”
As soon as the official authority was taken out, of course, these people could only do it, so that Lu Ren had to admit in his heart that power was indeed a good thing, no wonder so many people were crazy about it from ancient times to the present. And after driving these dozens of people to work, Lu Ren looked at Li Dian, who was very hesitant next to him, and knew that he had to explain the matter to Li Dian clearly, otherwise if the person in charge of military power around him took a non-cooperative attitude, he would not be able to do his job.
At that moment, Lu Ren smiled at Li Dian and asked first: "Mancheng, do you know that 'agriculture has ten fertilizers'?" ”
Li Dian shook his head, and then asked with twelve points of suspicion: "Does the farmer have ten fertilizers?" But which ten fat? ”
Lu Ren found out the relevant agricultural information and explained: "The so-called agriculture has ten fertilizers, one is human manure, two is animal manure, three is green manure, four is slag manure, five is bone manure, six is skin manure, seven is material manure, eight is mud manure, nine is sewage manure, and ten is mine manure.
"There is no need to say much about the human and animal manure in this ten fertilizers. Green manure is divided into two types: raw manure refers to crops planted in suitable grain fields, such as alfalfa and beans, and dead manure buries rotten dead branches and leaves in the field. Well...... I don't know if you have ever heard such a poem in Mancheng, called 'Fallen leaves are ruthless things, turning into spring mud to protect flowers'. Although it is quite poetic, it can also prove that the dead leaves on the ground can be fertilized...... "Speaking of which, Lu Renxin said that I am sour or not?" These two lines of the poem "more protective of flowers" came out.
Li Dian's head shook like a drum at this moment, where had he heard of this? But now that Lu Ren was right, Li Dian became a little more confused, because these things were completely beyond his common sense and cognition, how could he accept them in a while?
However, Li Dian is a person who prefers to govern civil affairs and is studious, and he really has some interest in learning at this time, so he nodded slightly and said: "Brother Lu, I have never heard of these two lines of your poems, but I feel that the words are quite beautiful." In addition, when I was studying in the old days, I did see the record that rotten branches and leaves can fertilize the soil...... May I ask Brother Lu, what about the seven fats? ”
"Dregs refer to discardable things such as soybean dregs after squeezing soybean oil or grinding soy milk; Bone feces refers to the bones, hooves, horns, and shells of animals and clams, or burned or ground into powder; Fur dung refers to the fur of birds and animals; Waste and dung mostly refer to leftovers that have long been rotted and inedible, or water after washing corn and fish. Hey, speaking of which, there are no fish, otherwise I would like to get some fish to raise in the rice field, which can not only benefit the growth of rice, but also allow us to have fish to eat after harvesting rice. This is not a joke, in later generations, many places in the south really raised fish in rice fields, and the so-called "land of fish and rice" also has this meaning in it.
After changing his tone, Lu Ren continued: "Then the chaff, rice and wheat straw can also be used as fertilizer, like after we harvest the rice, I will order someone to bury the excess straw in the soil, and the land will be much more fertile when we plant again in the next spring." So far, the first seven categories can be called organic ......" Speaking of this, Lu Ren suddenly stopped his mouth, and said in his heart, how could Li Dian understand the difference between organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer before? Not to mention Li Dian, Lu Ren himself is a little confused, because in Lu Ren's image, the chemistry score seems to have been very good.
However, Li Dian had already nodded again and again when he heard this, but looking at Li Dian's expression, he seemed to be a little dizzy, and there was a mist in the clouds: "Brother Lu knows a lot of agricultural things, and many of them are unheard of. Now there are still the last three categories that have not been elaborated, listening to the meaning of your words, Brother Lu, what seems to be the difference between the first seven categories and the last three categories, right? ”
Lu Ren smiled awkwardly, and while reading from the script, he was also thinking about the difference between organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer that could fool Li Dian: "Mud manure refers to pit soil, wall soil, nitrate soil, and plant ash; Manure refers to the gutters, canals, and green sludge at the bottom of the river; Mineral manure refers to lime, sulfur, arsenic, and alum. Of these ten types of fertilizers, the first seven are mainly conducive to the growth of grass seedlings, and the last three are more conducive to the imbalance of water and soil. Well...... Mancheng: Do you know what rotational tillage is? ”
Li Dian nodded and said: "Dian once read "Bian Shengzhi", which has a record of the art of rotational cultivation, that is, stopping cultivation every other year and not planting grains to restore the earth's strength, which is intended to inexhaustible the earth's strength and not make it barren from fertile. Now Brother Lu, the last three types you mentioned have the effect of recovering soil power, isn't it that these last three types of fertilizer are applied to the soil to have the effect of rotational tillage? ”
Lu Ren hurriedly nodded: "That's pretty much it." "Pretty much a fart! Lu Ren still doesn't understand this.
(Farmers in the Han Dynasty did not apply farm fertilizer when farming, and the relevant information could not be found in the bottle, which may have been available for a long time, or it may not have been there.) In order to meet the needs of the plot, this book is set to be a farmer's fertilizer in the Han Dynasty. I hope you don't take it too seriously. )