Chapter 8: The Theory of Evolution (II)
The fleet set sail again, and after a few days of sailing, it saw a smuggling ship of the South Seas Trading Company, unknown what it was smuggling under the name of a whaling ship.
As soon as the flag of Chen Jian's fleet was clearly seen, the smuggling ship, which belonged to the Nanyang Trading Company, immediately sent a signal and entertained Chen Jian, a member of the board of directors who had not yet withdrawn his shares, with the most fervent courtesy.
The people in the fleet knew that they were not far from their homeland, but the pleasure of seeing the Republic's smuggling ships in the ports outside the Spanish cities swelled with a sense of familiarity.
The people on the smuggling boat entertained Chen Jian and the others with a delicious dish - the tortoises of the Galapagos. The island had long been discovered by whaling ships and smuggling ships, and had become a special supply depot marked on nautical charts.
The tortoises on the island can survive in the cabin for a year without eating or drinking, and they are not very mobile and do not smell, which is the most suitable supplement for seafood meat, and the taste is really good.
Originally, he wanted to find a Spanish sailor or a reclusive pirate to be the navigator in the port, but there was no need to trouble, borrowed a pilot from the smuggling ship of the South Seas Trading Company, and waited until the smuggling ship was completed to let the homesick people go back with the ship, Chen Jian took the two ships to the Galapagos Islands, which were then known as the "Fresh Meat Island".
This peculiar island, which could be called the birthplace of evolution, is located near the equator. However, because of the cold snap, the sea near the equator is extremely cool, and there are even penguins.
The terrifying landscapes created by the volcanoes and the abundant nutrients of the ocean currents give this island a strange beauty of death and life.
Nowhere else can it come close to the shock of life here—the volcanoes of the adjacent islands are still erupting slightly, and the hot lava is still flowing on the newly formed islets, rising terrifying steam that can still be seen from dozens of miles away; On another island, the blue-footed boobies, the most vibrant of all, are continuing the greatness of life with their comical courtship.
When you set foot on a large island, the mythical hellish scene is displayed in front of everyone.
The mottled streaks of magma are still there, and the unweathered lava tells that it has a lifespan of only a few hundred thousand years at most. On the black rocks, sea lizards lay on their stomachs like monsters or imaginary demons in hell, lazily looking at those who had no effect on them. Probably, this is what hell looks like in many myths in Europe, and Chen Jian at this time is like seeing Godzilla everywhere in the end times.
During the three-month investigation, Chen Jian left behind a lot of simple black and white photos of people getting along with animals.
The tortoise, which weighed more than three hundred pounds, lay there motionlessly, Lin Xi rode on the back of the tortoise, smiling as if he was riding a horse, and the sluggish tortoise also left enough time for exposure; I don't know how terrible the sea lion is, so I lay next to a few members of the expedition who were basking in the sun, and gently pressed my tail against the stomach of the expedition member, motioning for him to leave some space on the side; The tall cactus near the beach, trying to touch the sky at unimaginable heights, most of the members of the expedition team sat under the cactus and left a group photo.
After three months of investigation, several new named species were added to the language.
The blue-footed boobies, who always act like clowns and do all kinds of high-legged movements when they behave and court, were named "academic drama blue-footed birds" because there were no funny clowns in the culture of the expedition, only drama performers who deliberately exaggerated and made large movements in any action that came out of the drama school.
Those flying strange birds were named "Xixi Sparrows" because they were named by Lin Xi, and this kind of finch convinced her of the reason for the differentiation of species, and used this finch and the tortoise on the island as evidence of the natural selection and observance of the way.
Jian Chen used the last means of indoctrination, and he can safely and boldly use those methods of indoctrination that could not be used lightly.
The special environment here is really suitable for "shoot first and then draw the target".
On the islands dozens of miles apart, it is obviously a species of giant tortoise, but due to the different sources of food and the different drought conditions on the island, it has evolved a variety of different forms, such as long necks, short necks, thick necks, shells with eaves, and smooth shells.
In each form, the reason for them can be found, and the reason is so obvious that it is almost unassailable.
On the islands dozens of miles apart, it is obviously the same as the Xi Xi Bird, and because of the different food, it has evolved a variety of completely different beaks and different lifestyles.
On islands dozens of miles apart, two kinds of lizards look so similar, but one can swim in the sea and live on seaweed; The other does not know how to swim and can only live on food on land.
After three months of investigation, the ultimate question of "where did it come from" still not been solved, but Lin Xi understood the most important problem in the theory - isolation.
From geographical isolation to reproductive isolation, and eventually new species emerge.
This question is easier to explain, because the agricultural science of this ethnic group has been growing peas for hundreds of years, and Chen Jian has used the Yin and Yang theory to explain the problem of recessive and dominant genes, which has now been regarded as an unchangeable "sage's word".
A new variant must be geographically isolated in order to thrive, or the mutation may be diluted by race; Geographical isolation led to the loss of the opportunity for different close relatives to mate and thus to communicate with each other, which eventually led to the creation of reproductive isolation and the birth of a new species.
The island's Dawn Sparrow verifies this with irrefutable facts, and it becomes unbreakable evidence; The tortoises on the island use long or short necks to vividly interpret what it means to survive the fittest.
The volcanoes that are still erupting in the distance and the volcanic rocks on the island that have not yet weathered prove that all these species did not exist from the beginning of heaven and earth.
Plant seeds may be indigestible fruits from the droppings of birds, or animals may have drifted here from land due to a flood or disaster......
It is precisely because of this that all things did not exist from the beginning of heaven and earth, such as these finches on the island, even if they existed a long time ago, they must not be what they are now; For example, the tortoises on the island, even if they existed a long time ago, are not neck now.
The evolution of the way of heaven and earth can spontaneously produce new mutations, and rely on geography or reproductive isolation to create new species in the world.
The world is not static, but always changing, and even living creatures are constantly changing.
The Tao does not change, but the heavens and the earth are constantly changing, and this world view of the dialectical unity of change and immutability has finally drawn a perfect end here.
All that remains is to outline the smallest indivisible with the grandest universe, and interpret a new world based on this worldview.
Three months later, Lin Xi had gradually perfected his thoughts, and began to write the preface of his notes on the journey under the big cactus that he had taken pictures of before the seaside.
"On the other side of the earth, another philosopher from 2,000 years ago once explained what heaven is, and his name is Xun Guo."
"Regarding the universe of heaven and earth, he understood it like this: the stars rotate, the sun and the moon pass together, the four eras are royal, the yin and yang are magnified, the wind and rain are abundant, all things have their own harmony to live, each has its own nourishment, and see its merits without seeing its things, and the husband is called God; Everyone knows why it is made, but I don't know that it is invisible, and the husband is the sky. ”
"Coincidentally, we have a similar, even the same, view of heaven and earth, and we have touched the mysterious, hazy beginning of the way of heaven and earth, like a rainbow on the banks of a river of grass."
"We know the existence of gravity, and we know that the stars, the sun and the moon, which seem to be the way they should be, are actually because of the manipulation of gravity; We know the difference between the indivisible and the divisible, and we know that the observed things such as explosion, exothermia, combustion, and synthesis are actually due to the process of disassembling and combining them from the new; We knew that there was air pressure, and that it was common knowledge that a machine that lifted water could only draw a few steps of water, but it was because two feet of mercury was exactly equal to ten steps of water......"
"Knowing what it is, and knowing why it is, seems to be possible. Since we have already found the Tao in the stars, the sun and the moon, the air, the combustion, the explosion, and the landing, is there also an inner Tao about the existence and myriad changes of all things, which we take for granted but in fact hides secrets? ”
"To give you a very simple example, at the beginning of the founding of the country, we all knew that the ruler existed, which was the length of a hundred grains of wheat together. This is written in ancient books and has never been changed. ”
"But we all know today that a hundred grains of wheat are not a foot long, but much more than a foot. However, the ruler made of gold still exists in the capital, and the ruler has not changed for hundreds of years, so the only thing that can change is the length of the wheat. ”
"We have to admit one thing: the length of wheat grains is much longer and larger than it was hundreds of years ago when the country was founded. Obviously, there was no silver salt videography at that time, but thanks to the books and weights and measures that our ancestors left us and those accurate records. ”
"Even the most ordinary farmers in the northern wheat regions know that when they keep their seeds, they should choose larger grains as seeds. So hundreds of years have passed, and the wheat is no longer the wheat it used to be, at least in length and size, and the changes are amazing—the 100-grain wheat grows much more now than it did then. ”
"From Minjun to the Great Wilderness City, to Europe to the ends of the earth, all the way to Wangbei City, the Black Swan River and Fresh Meat Island, just from the perspective of crops, I have seen many things that I took for granted but were not."
"For example, the primitive corn, the primitive sugarcane, the primitive rice, the primitive radish, the primitive cabbage, and the primitive many, many more that I saw in the Great Wilderness City."
"Wherever there is civilization, these crops always grow differently than they do where they don't know how to grow. So is this difference innate? Or is it sifted from generation to generation, like our wheat? ”
"I don't think it's hard to answer that question."
"Since seeds can be selected artificially, is harsh nature also secretly selecting seeds? - Although heaven and earth have no personality and no preferences, heaven and earth are heaven and earth, which creates the environment, and the natural environment uses a non-'personality' preference to determine the appearance of species. ”
"I have to say that this kind of non-'personality' preference is cruel, heaven and earth are unkind to all things as dogs, and which kind of 'dogs' can survive, since it does not depend on heaven and earth, it can only depend on whether they can adapt to the local environment."
"How cruel is this choice? It's like the previous survey of some diseases in warm climates: is it because southerners are more resistant to these warm diseases than northerners, so southerners are more resistant to these warm diseases than northerners? Or is it because there are many fevers in the south and people who can't resist them die without leaving offspring, so southerners are more resistant to these warm diseases than northerners? ”
That's what this book is about. Like those explanations of the common and natural things of the sun, moon and stars, this book will replace the sense of what is reasonable because of the observation of existence......"
"This book will reveal the Heavenly Dao hidden within all things, break those original assumptions, and tell a terrible and respectable existence—in which we have become the first ...... of all things."
After writing the preface in one go, there was a rumbling movement in the distance, Lin Xi looked at the flames and smoke that symbolized death erupted from the island in the far distance, and witnessed the alternation of life and death as indifferently as the animals next to him......
She thought that the island, which was still lava and dead silence, would one day be filled with creatures. And those creatures are not created by the human world according to their own preferences, but the creatures have become the masters of the place with their own strength and adaptation.
It's not that it looks like that, so it looks like that. It's because the islands are like that, and they don't grow like that.