In the past, the orienteering played in the squadron was not a topographic map in the military sense.

Once upon a time, the squadron participated in the Sandhurst competition for the first time, and in the orienteering event, they basically did not score points and lost very badly.

The main reason is that the military map of the squadron is completely different from the military map commonly used by foreign armies.

In the international military map, it generally refers to a 1:25,000 military topographic map.

This kind of military topographic map, which is densely packed with contour lines. The contour distance is usually 5 meters (the height difference between adjacent contour lines), and each square represents 1 kilometer, which is very accurate and practical. Soldiers can even use this kind of map, combined with the use of a compass, to pinpoint a tree.

Therefore, Jin Chen said: "According to Xiaoyu's meaning, our special training should use a 1:25,000 international military topographic map for orienteering." Most of the ordinary soldiers in our army do not use this kind of map. At most, they probably use the kind of maps used by the IOF (Iioeeriion). ”

Zhao Zhennan remembered that when he was in a military academy before, he had never learned to use this kind of military topographic map.

Later, I heard that the West Point Military Academy in the United States, since its establishment, the only subject that has not been deleted is to learn to use military topographic maps.

It can be seen that this is a meticulous work with a certain technical content, and it has reached the level of ten good B.

In recent years, China's armed forces have only begun to study, use, and train military topographic maps among ordinary soldiers. But it's still quite unpopular, and it's also very crude. Most soldiers, even officers, are still not proficient in the use of military topographic maps.

In fact, an ordinary soldier should learn to use military topographic maps and does not need to be proficient in the entirety of military topography.

At present, the content of the military topography course in the first school mainly includes terrain analysis, map recognition, direction determination, simple measurement, photo interpretation, modulation map, etc.

Ordinary soldiers, on the other hand, should at least learn to read and use pictures.

When Mu Tianyu and Jin Chen were children, they listened to Mu Tianyu's father, Mu Canghai, tell the story of the self-defense and counterattack against Vietnam.

At that time, Mu Canghai was a scout, and when he studied military topography, he began by learning the symbols of features. A circle represents a tree, and there are three dots next to the circle that represent a bush of trees and the like.

Learn to stand on the coordinates, stuff the brothers into the big Dongfeng truck every day, haunt the corners of various ravines, get the buddies out of the car at every turn, hold the drawing board to calculate the coordinates against the terrain, and then blast back to the car and drive to the next place, tossing several times before it is finished.

The map that the scouts held at that time was relatively old, and compared with the features of the time, either the road was rerouted, or a certain building was razed, which was very troublesome to use.

Learn to set the target point, and the characteristics of meticulous work are reflected.

At that time, when Mu Canghai and his brothers looked at them, they were overwhelmed by the rain of bullets flying sideways, and when they couldn't move, they would naturally think of the artillery brothers in the distance behind them, and hoped that they could smash the little Vietnamese devils.

So he yelled at the artilleryman at the coordinates of the very fucked machine gun fortifications in front of him, and the artillerymen fired according to this number.

But if the scouts miscalculated the horizontally, the artillery fire would probably collapse the nest of the five good families in the same house on a tree near the fortifications.

And if the longitudinal is wrong, if the value is large, it can be regarded as bombardment of the depth of the devil. But if it's small, then it's time to pack up and prepare to dodge!

Therefore, Mu Canghai said that it was a fine job!

Mu Tianyu and Jin Chen have remembered this story since they were children, and they are used to studying this meticulous work.

The degree to which various topographical elements influence combat operations depends on their nature and characteristics.

For example, the landform is mainly the degree of ground undulation and the direction of the mountain range, the slope of the slope, the location and function of the commanding height; The water system is mainly the river width, water depth, flow velocity, sediment quality, navigable capacity and obstacle degree; Roads, mainly the quality, quantity, direction and capacity of railways and highways.

To determine the movement conditions, it is necessary to determine the degree of passage of combat vehicles and the influence of terrain on the speed of movement by studying the road conditions, geomorphological characteristics, river barriers and soil vegetation properties. To determine the observation conditions, we can determine the areas that can be seen on the battlefield and those that cannot be seen by studying the undulations of the landform, the density of residential areas and vegetation. Judging the firing conditions is to provide a basis for clarifying the tasks of various firearms, delineating the firing ground line and selecting favorable firing positions by studying the degree of undulation of the landform, the shape of the inclined plane and the position of the defensive line. To judge the protective performance of the terrain, it is necessary to find out the terrain that is favorable for defending against and weakening the lethal and destructive effects of nuclear and chemical weapons by studying the characteristics of the landscape and the nature of vegetation.

Map recognition includes the identification and use of topographic maps, nautical charts, aeronautical charts and image maps, which mainly introduces the basic knowledge of topographic maps and seeks the correct way to use topographic maps. Map recognition, focusing on the survey principle, mathematical basis and representation method of topographic elements of topographic map. This paper focuses on the study of the methods of in-situ application maps.

Determining the orientation is to study how to distinguish the east-west-north-south direction in the field, and to clarify the relationship between the standing point and the surrounding terrain. Methods include: using the compass, the North Star, the sun, and the time table; Judgment according to the characteristics of the ground features and guiding equipment; There are also maps and aerial photographs that can be used to determine the situation. Mastering these methods is a prerequisite for the correct use of the terrain and for ensuring the successful completion of combat missions.

Simple surveying is a method to study the rapid determination of the distance, height, ground slope and angle of a battlefield target. There are mainly visual measurements, step measurements and measurements with simple equipment. Mastering these methods is of great help in simple cartography, in determining the elements of shooting, and in situ study of the terrain

Modulation map is the study of the field and the use of maps to modulate the essentials of the method, including surveying and mapping topographic sketches and plotting tactics. Maps or aerial photographs are usually used to make a topographic sketch and then plot the tactical situation. Sometimes terrain and tactical situations are mapped in the field. This is an operational skill that detachment commanders and staff officers must possess.

Image interpretation is the study of the theoretical and practical problems of image interpretation in aviation and aerospace. It includes the method of aerial photography, the type of photograph (such as black and white, color or false color photo), the image characteristics of the target on the photo, such as the shape, size, color, shadow, vein, relevant location and activity traces of the target, and the interpretation method, etc., to provide a basis for accurate identification of terrain and military targets.

Jin Chen spent a lot of time telling Zhao Zhennan about these contents. Especially when Mu Tianyu and Jin Chen were children, they heard the story of Mu Tianyu's father Mu Canghai in the self-defense counterattack against Vietnam, which made Zhao Zhennan more clear, it turned out that Mu Tianyu and Jin Chen, they have been militarily cultivated and trained since childhood, so they are so powerful now.

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