There are not only many controversies about Cao Cao's evaluation in history, but also a lot of controversies about Liu Bei, but in this regard, we must separate the official history from the romance, after all, many of the records in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" only have the form of the light disciple. Pen @ fun @ pavilion wWw. ｂｉｑUｇE。 ｉｎｆｏ

For Liu Bei, he can definitely be regarded as a benevolent and righteous gentleman on the whole.

[Crybaby? 】

People who have read "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" are absolutely impressed by Liu Bei's love of crying, in the novel, Liu Bei is not crying or happy, he can cry under any circumstances, Zhuge Liang does not go out of the mountain and he cries, he cries when the people suffer when Yang is defeated, and Guan Yu cries even more after his death, which leaves a deep impression on readers.

However, in the official history, Liu Bei did cry, but to say that he was a crybaby because of this is basically nonsense, and the record of Liu Bei in "Three Kingdoms: The Biography of the Ancestors" is "less language, good people, and joy and anger are invisible." In the "Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms", the record of Liu Bei's crying has been counted, and it is only six times, while Cao Cao has the most fourteen times, and Sun Quan has thirteen times.

Crying, everyone has cried, Liu Bei has also cried, but to say that he loves to cry, Liu Bei is far from talking about this.

【The Prince of Benevolence】

Many people in later generations thought that Liu Bei was a model of benevolence and righteousness, which is indeed very reasonable. Liu Bei has long had the name of benevolence and righteousness, in the early years when he was in Qingzhou, there was a record of assassins unwilling to assassinate him, and later Liu Bei also rescued Kong Rong and Tao Qian, after Tao Qian's death, even the position of Xuzhou Mu was left to Liu Bei, when Cao Cao's army came in Jingzhou, Liu Bei fled south, and the people followed Liu Bei.

In the official history, Cao Cao and Sun Quan also have a record of slaughtering the city, but Liu Bei did not have this point, in terms of treating the scholars, Liu Bei looked at the thatched house, which can be said to have given enough face to the scholars, Liu Bei is still a descendant of the royal family, so later generations generally have a high opinion of Liu Bei.

Now there are many people who think that Liu Bei is hypocritical, I checked this, mainly because I think that after Zhao Yun came out of Changbanpo, Liu Bei threw his son on the ground and said: "For this reason, my son has lost a lot of my general." However, this matter is not in the historical data, and it was mentioned above that Liu Bei does not like to cry, but at that time, there were rumors that Zhao Yun surrendered to Cao Cao, and it was Liu Bei who firmly told everyone that Zhao Yun would not surrender, and maintained trust in Zhao Yun and was not slapped in the face, which was much luckier than Cao Cao.

In fact, Liu Bei's personality is a little impulsive in the official history, which I actually couldn't imagine at first, Liu Bei had whipped the post supervisor earlier, and in the later period, Liu Bei went directly to Beijing to meet Sun Quan in order to show goodwill, even ignoring Zhuge Liang's advice.

In addition, Liu Bei is also very resentful in the official history, earlier Lu Bu helped Tao Qian and himself to force Cao Cao back, so Liu Bei later took in Lu Bu when he was defeated, but after Lu Bu betrayed himself, Liu Bei had the opportunity to kill him.

[The biggest mistake of the failure of hegemony]

In history, Liu Bei and Cao Cao also failed to seize the world and complete the great cause of unification, and there are many discussions about this, some people say that Liu Bei made a strategic mistake in the early stage, and did not follow Zhuge Liang's advice to directly seize Jingzhou from Liu Cong, and some people say that Liu Bei should not have avenged Guan Yu in the later period to crusade against Sun Quan, resulting in the loss of a large number of living forces, and some people say that "Longzhong Pair" was wrong from the beginning, and should not send troops in two ways, but should concentrate forces. But I personally don't think these are the main ones.

Although Liu Bei did not make a move on Liu Cong, who betrayed him, in order to repay his kindness, he failed to take Jingzhou in time, but after that, most of the territory in Jingzhou still came to Liu Bei's hands after all, and Liu Bei basically completed the occupation of Jingzhou in the "Longzhong Pair".

And Liu Bei's crusade against Sun Quan to avenge Guan Yu has indeed ended in a fiasco, which has made the situation in Shu Han even worse. But even if Liu Bei did not send troops to fight against Sun Quan, his strength in Yizhou would not be able to resist Cao Wei, and this would not affect the overall situation.

And concentrating on all the way, it is even more unreasonable, Liu Bei can't have a territory in the first place, Jingzhou lost to Cao Wei is equivalent to looking for death, after losing to Sun Quan, Liu Bei will have one Yizhou left, and the strength is too weak. Occupy Jingzhou without dividing the troops is even more funny, you must know that Shu Road is difficult, although Yizhou is easy to defend, but it is also difficult to attack, on the contrary, the terrain of Jingzhou is relatively flat, and it is also very convenient to attack, Zhuge Liang's many northern expeditions have been unsuccessful, and it has been clear that Yizhou alone cannot fight against Cao Wei.

In fact, Liu Bei's biggest strategic mistake in failing to complete the hegemony was that he did not win over his ally Sun Quan, and Liu Bei did not take much into account the feelings of his ally Sun Quan after he became powerful. During the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Quan and Liu Bei were natural allies, and they had a common rival, Cao Cao, so Sun Quan did not hesitate to lend Liu Bei all his territory such as Jiangling Nanjun.

However, Liu Bei first prevented Sun Quan from seizing Yizhou, and then borrowed Jingzhou and did not pay it back, and Sun Quan did not give Liu Bei to take the three counties, and the relationship between the two sides gradually drifted apart, Liu Bei even acquiesced to Guan Yu to insult Sun Quan, and also unscrupulously occupied the granary of his allies, and finally made Sun Quan completely break with Liu Bei, kill Guan Yu with a black hand, and seize Jingzhou.

You must know that uniting Sun Quan is a necessary condition for Liu Bei to seize the world, Zhuge Liang has long said that Sun Quan has a deep foundation in Jiangdong, he can't fight, he can only unite, both forces are in the south, Liu Bei wants to crusade against Cao Cao, at least to keep his rear stable, and it's best to add a helper, so Liu Bei actually has no capital to offend Sun Quan, once Sun Quan is forced to be urgent, he is on Cao Cao's side, and Liu Bei himself is difficult to protect.

This principle is the same for Sun Quan, so Sun Quan also took the initiative to return Lingling County to Liu Bei after the demarcation of Xiangshui, and after this peace talks, Sun Quan actually has no excuse to seize Jingzhou, and Jiangdong's own pro-Liu faction is not weak, if it weren't for Liu Bei, Guan Yu and others who deceived people too much, Sun Quan probably wouldn't have turned his face so completely, if Liu Bei appeased Sun Quan, it is likely that during the battle of Xiangfan, Sun Quan would take the opportunity to go north again, once Cao Wei was pinned down a large number of troops in Jianghuai, At that time, the ending was not easy to say.

【Liu Xuande in History】

Name: Liu Bei

Attributes: Leadership (a) The founder of Shu Han, a man with the aura of the protagonist in the Three Kingdoms era

Commander (b) Although Liu Bei has lost many battles, his evaluation cannot be low based on the number of battles he has participated in

Politics (b) Liu Bei's political ability was mainly manifested in ordering the revision of the "Shu Law"

Intrigue (B-) is more average

Diplomacy (c) is not good

General comment (s) Liu Bei was one of the core figures of the Three Kingdoms period and the founder of Shu Han

Aliases (titles): Xuande, ancestors, and emperors (later titles)

Gender: Male

Ethnicity: Han

Occupation: Emperor

Nickname: Emperor Zhaolie

Temple number: Liezu

Mausoleum: Huiling

Family origin: Descendant of a declining royal family

Birth and death: 161--223

Place of birth: Zhuo County, Zhuo County (now Zhuozhou, Hebei)

Main social relations: sons (Liu Feng, Liu Chan, Liu Yong, Liu Li)

Major Experiences:

From 161 to 184, after the death of his father, the family was in the middle of the road, and he once studied with Gongsun Zhan from Lu Zhi

From 184 to 208, he participated in the crusade against the Yellow Turban Thieves, and successively took refuge in Gongsun Zhan, Tao Qian, Lu Bu, Cao Cao, Yuan Shao, Liu Biao and others

From 208 to 215, he allied with Sun Quan, defeated Cao Cao, occupied Jingzhou and Yizhou, and later divided the three counties of Jingzhou to Sun Quan

From 215 to 223, he captured Hanzhong, claimed the emperor and founded the country, failed to defeat Sun Quan, and died in the White Emperor City

Summary: Although Liu Bei himself has a high personality and has the aura of a protagonist, he is sometimes too benevolent and righteous, and like Cao Cao, he fails to deal with the problems of allies.