Cao Zhi is the second son born to Cao Cao and Mrs. Bian, once competed with Cao Pi for the position of the prince of Wei, and then performed badly, given up by Cao Cao, after Cao Pi came to power, Cao Zhi was suppressed, and then Cao Rui took power, Cao Zhi hoped to be used by him, Emperor Ming also ignored it, and finally depressed Щщщш.. lā

Cao Zhi himself has made great achievements in literature, and together with his father Cao Cao and brother Cao Pi, he is known as the "Three Caos". Pen? Interesting? Pavilion wWw. ｂiquge。 ｉｎfo

【Depressed】

As one of Cao Cao's sons and the second son of Mrs. Bian of the main room, Cao Zhi was qualified as the heir along with Cao Pi, Cao Zhang and others after the death of Cao Ang and Cao Chong.

Earlier, when Cao Cao was outside, Cao Zhi once ignored the laws of the imperial court because of excessive drinking, rode the royal carriage and horses without permission, opened the palace gate without authorization, and galloped on the forbidden road, so Cao Cao was extremely disappointed in him. Cao Zhi once used Yang Xiu to cheat, and was also discovered by Cao Cao. Cao Zhi did things willfully, and Cao Cao finally did not dare to let him be his heir, but chose the relatively stable Cao Pi. After Cao Zhi failed to become the son of the world, he still did not repent, and during the Battle of Xiangfan, Cao Cao sent Cao Zhi to rescue Cao Ren, but Cao Zhi drank and misbehaved, and Cao Cao no longer reused him.

After Cao Pi came to power, Cao Zhi's good days came to an end. Cao Pi took strict precautions against his younger brother Cao Zhi, first killing Cao Zhi's henchman Ding Yi and others, and sending Cao Zhi back to the vassal states. Later, Cao Zhi's ministers sued, although Cao Pi was under the pressure of his mother Bian, he only demoted him to the Marquis of Anxiang, and in the same year, he was renamed the Marquis of Juancheng. In the third year of the early Huang dynasty (222), Cao Zhi was appointed as the king of Juancheng, with 2,500 households. In the fourth year of the early Huang dynasty (223), Cao Zhi was renamed the king of Yongqiu. That year, Cao Zhi went to Beijing to meet him. In the sixth year of the early Huang dynasty (225), Emperor Wen went on an expedition to the east, passed by Yongqiu when he returned, met him in Cao Zhi's palace, and added 500 households to him.

After Cao Pi's death, Cao Zhi's situation still did not improve, and he was still relocated to fiefdoms many times. In the first year of Taihe (227), Cao Rui changed the title of Cao Zhi to Junyi. In the second year of Taihe (228), Cao Zhi was asked to return to Yongqiu. In the third year of Taihe (229), Cao Zhi was renamed the king of Dong'a. In the sixth year of Taihe (232), Cao Zhi participated in the first lunar court. In February, Emperor Ming divided the four counties of Chen County to Cao Zhi and named him the King of Chen, with 3,500 households.

During Cao Rui's period, Cao Zhi expressed his desire to serve the imperial court many times, but Cao Rui was indifferent to this. According to the record of "Wei Luo", when Zhuge Liang went on the first Northern Expedition, Cao Rui went on an expedition, and it was Shi Douyan that Emperor Yun had collapsed, and he welcomed Yongqiu Wang Zhi from the ministers. Jingshi Zi Bian Empress Dowager was afraid. and the emperor returned, all privately inspected the color. Empress Dowager Bian was sad and happy, and wanted to push the first word, the emperor said: "The world is all talking, what will be pushed?" ”

Cao Zhi always wanted to meet and talk with Emperor Ming alone to discuss current affairs, hoping to be tested, but finally didn't get the opportunity. After returning home, he was in despair, the law at that time was very strict with the feudal state, the subordinates were all merchants and laymen, and the soldiers were all old, weak, sick and disabled, and the total number was only 200. And Cao Zhi has reduced everything by half because of his previous mistakes. The fief was moved many times, so Cao Rui was always depressed and soon fell ill and died. He was forty-one years old when he died.

Cao Rui's will called for a simple funeral, and Cao Rui felt that his youngest son Cao Zhi was the head of the family, and wanted to make Cao Zhi his heir (not to set up the eldest son, this feeling is very resentful). At first, Cao Zhi climbed Yushan and descended to Dong'a, sighed, and had the desire to die there, so he built a tomb. His son Cao Zhi inherited the title and changed the title to King of Jibei.

In the early years of the Jing Dynasty, Emperor Ming issued an edict saying: "Although King Chen Siwang has made mistakes in the past, he has restrained himself, acted cautiously, made up for the previous shortcomings, and from childhood to old age, the books have not left his hand, which is really commendable. A total of more than 100 fu, ode, poems, inscriptions, and miscellaneous treatises written by Cao Zhi before and after were recorded, and copies were made and collected inside and outside the house. "Cao Zhi increased the number of food estates several times, together with the previous total of 990 households.

Cao Zhi was very intelligent since he was a child, and when he was only in his early teens, he was able to recite the Book of Songs, the Analects, and the pre-Qin and Han Dynasty dictionaries, and he was also widely involved in the hundreds of schools of thought. He thinks quickly, talks sharply, and often responds to questions when he meets Cao Cao, blurting out a chapter. Cao Cao once read the article written by Cao Zhi and asked him in surprise: "Did you ask someone to write it for you?" Cao Zhi replied: "Words are theories, and the next pen becomes an article, as long as you take the exam in person, you can know it, why ask someone to do it on your behalf!" ”

In January of the twelfth year of Jian'an (207), he returned to Yecheng, and he said in the "Self-Examination Form" that "the east is facing the sea" refers to this matter. In September, the sixteen-year-old Cao Zhi accompanied his father to the north to Liucheng (now Chaoyang, Liaoning), and he said in the "Seeking Self-Test Form" that "going north out of Xuansai" refers to this trip, and "White Horse Chapter" is a portrayal of Cao Zhi's expedition with his father during this period.

In the fifteenth year of Jian'an (210), Cao Cao's Tongque Terrace built in Yecheng was completed, and a group of scribes were summoned to "take the stage for Fu", and Cao Zhi was among them. Among the crowds, Cao Zhi was the only one who put pen to paper and thought a little, waved it, and was the first to hand in the volume, and his text was called "Stage Fu".

In the twenty-fifth year of Jian'an (220), Cao Cao died, Cao Pi called the king and called the emperor, Cao Zhi wrote "Shangqing Wen Emperor Receives Zen Table" and "Wei De Treatise", showing his joy and goodwill, but Cao Pi did not appreciate it.

In April of the third year of the Huang Dynasty (222), the thirty-one-year-old Cao Zhi was crowned the king of Juancheng, with 2,500 households, and on the way back to Juancheng after being crowned king this time, he wrote the famous "Luo Shen Fu". In "Luo Shen Fu", the poet depicts the image of a beautiful and amorous goddess, taking her as a symbol of his beautiful ideals, and placing his admiration and love for beautiful ideals; and fictionalized the story of courting Luoshen, symbolizing his passionate pursuit of beautiful ideals; Finally, through the description of the failure of love, he shows that his pursuit of ideals has been shattered.

Cao Zhi's works are included in the "Cao Zijian Collection". "Cao Zijian Collection" consists of 10 volumes, including Cao Zhi's poems and words. Among them, there are more than 80 poems that are relatively complete, and more than half of them are Yuefu poems. His representative works include "Seven Mourning Poems", "White Horse Chapter", "Gift to White Horse Wang Biao", "Door with Ten Thousand Miles" and so on. Among them, "Luo Shen Fu" writes about the fairy beauty of the goddess Luochuan, which is a wonderful Wenyuan.

According to legend, "Seven Steps Poem" was also written by Cao Zhi, but in the official history, Mrs. Bian was very strict with her own heirs, and it was impossible to allow this kind of thing to happen, and the author of "Seven Steps Poem" is likely to be someone else.

PS: Supplement