After Zhuge Liang gave up the Meridian Valley strategy, he chose the Longyou strategy, preparing to gradually occupy Yongzhou and Liangzhou, and then compete with Cao Wei for the world with Qinchuan and Shu. Pen fun and pavilion www.biquge.info

Zhuge Liang's first northern expedition was relatively smooth in the early stage, and the three counties of Nan'an, Tianshui and Anding in Longyou were all anti-Wei and attached to Shu. However, Ma Tan was later defeated by Zhang He, the street pavilion was lost, Zhuge Liang was forced to retreat, and the first Northern Expedition ended in failure.

【Vibration Guanzhong】

In the spring of the sixth year of Jianxing (228), Zhuge Liang sent Zhao Yun, the general of Zhendong, and Deng Zhi, the general of Yangwu, to lead a military horse as a suspicious army, and put forward the situation of attacking Yicheng from the north of the Xiegu Road from Jigu to attract the Wei army. Cao Rui ordered Cao Zhendu to supervise the right army and go to defend against Zhao Yun. Zhuge Liang personally led the main force to take advantage of the situation to launch an attack on Qishan. The three counties of Nan'an, Tianshui and Anding in Longyou opposed Wei and attached Shu, only Guangwei County and Longxi County refused to surrender, and Longxi County was too shou You Chu to resist resolutely. Guanzhong sounded.

According to the "Wei Luo", at first, Wei thought that Liu Bei of Shu Han Zhaolie Liang had died and there had been no movement for several years, so he relaxed his guard; And suddenly heard that Zhuge Liang sent troops, the court and the people were very afraid. As a result, Tianshui, Nan'an, Anding and other counties all betrayed Wei and responded to Zhuge Liang.

At that time, Jiang Wei and Gong Cao Liang Xu, the chief secretary Yin Xian, and the chief secretary Liang Qian inspected from Tianshui Taishou Ma Zun in various places, and Ma Zun learned that the Shu Han army was coming, and all counties responded to the Shu army, suspecting that Jiang Wei and others had different intentions, so they left Jiang Wei and others and fled to Shangqi with Guo Huai overnight. Jiang Wei and others couldn't catch up, and the city gate was closed when they returned to the city, so they led their troops to Ji County, and Ji County did not let Jiang Wei enter the city, Jiang Wei and others had no choice but to surrender to Zhuge Liang.

In order to fight against Zhuge Liang, Cao Rui, Emperor Ming of Wei who was far away in Luoyang, rushed to the rescue of the army, personally went to Chang'an to sit in the town, and sent the general Cao Zhen to supervise the army to Yixian County to defend Zhao Yun, Zhang He led an army of 50,000 to resist Zhuge Liang, and Cao Wei Liangzhou assassin Xu Miao also sent troops to attack Nan'an County with Jincheng Taishou.

According to the "Book of Wei", it was the courtiers of the time who did not know the plan, and the emperor said: "Liang obstructs the mountain as a solid, and now it comes from itself, which is the art of combining military books to people; And Liang is greedy for three counties, and he knows that he doesn't know how to retreat, and now because of this, he will break the light. "Nabu Le soldiers and horses rode 50,000 to refuse to light.

【Battle of the Street Pavilion】

After Zhang He's attack, Shu Han thought that he would definitely come to take the choke point of the Shu army. At that time, there were veterans Wei Yan and Wu Yi, who had been on the battlefield for a long time, and the commentators all said that these people should be the vanguard, but Zhuge Liang promoted Ma Jian against everyone's opinions, appointed Ma Jian as the vanguard, and led the armies forward.

Ma Jian was too guarded by Yue Wei at that time, his talent and ambition exceeded ordinary people, and he liked to discuss military strategies, and Zhuge Liang valued him deeply; When Liu Bei, Emperor Zhaolie, was dying, he said to Zhuge Liang: "Ma Yan's words are exaggerated, exceeding his actual ability, and he cannot be appointed to major affairs, you must investigate him more." Zhuge Liang also thought that this was not the case, so he asked Ma Jian to join the army, and often met and talked about it together, from day to night.

However, when Ma Tan was stationed in the street pavilion, he violated Zhuge Liang's command and dispatch, and his military operations were chaotic, so he abandoned the water source and stationed on the mountain, not guarding the city under the mountain. Zhang He cut off Ma Tan's way to get water, launched an attack and defeated Ma Tan, and the Shu army was scattered.

Wang Ping was the vanguard of Ma Tan's army, Ma Tan Sheshui went uphill, and his actions were inappropriate, Wang Ping persuaded Ma Tan again and again, Ma Tan did not listen, and was cut off from the water source by Wei general Zhang He, and then Ma Tan's army was defeated, and the soldiers were scattered. Only the more than 1,000 soldiers led by Wang Ping beat the drums to control themselves, and Zhang He suspected that Wang Ping had ambush soldiers and did not dare to attack. So Wang Ping unified the soldiers of the battalion and led them back safely.

【Defeat】

Zhao Yun, Deng Zhi and others faced Cao Zhen's main army, but they were beyond their strength and were defeated by the enemy. At that time, Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi lost to Keigu due to their weak troops and strong enemy, but Zhao Yun immediately gathered his troops and stuck to Keigu without causing major losses. When the troops retreated, Zhao Yun personally broke off the rear and stopped the pursuit of Cao's army, so the loss of military resources and personnel was not large.

According to the record of "Zhao Yun's Biography", when the Shu army retreated, Zhuge Liang once asked: "When the Jieting retreated, the establishment of our army was chaotic. Deng Zhi replied: "General Zhao personally cut off the rear, so the military funds were not lost, and the personnel were neat." At that time, there was still a surplus of silk cloth in Zhao Yun's army, and Zhuge Liang ordered it to be distributed to the soldiers of Zhao Yun's army. Zhao Yun said: "Our army has lost militarily, how can we still ask for a reward? Please put all these supplies into the treasury of Chi'an Prefecture and give them to the soldiers in the cold winter of October. Zhuge Liang praised Zhao Yun's conduct.

At the same time as sending Ma Tan to garrison Jieting, Zhuge Liang also sent another general, Gao Xiang, to garrison Tunliucheng, but he was also defeated by the Wei general Guo Huai, and Xu Miao also sent the army and Jincheng Taishou and other troops to attack the Nan'an traitors and won the victory. As a result, the Han army lost ground, and Zhuge Liang returned to Hanzhong with more than 1,000 families in Baxi County, and the first Northern Expedition failed.

At first, Yang Tiao, a stable person, and other hijacked officials to respond to Zhuge Liang according to the city of Shouyuezhi, and Cao Zhen's army reached Anding, and Yang Tiao said to his people: "The general is here in person, and I am willing to surrender as soon as possible." And he bound himself and surrendered. So Cao Zhen, Zhang He and others successively recovered the three counties.

【Post-war Pacification】

After the war, Zhuge Liang returned to Hanzhong, executed Ma Yan, admitted his mistake to the whole army, and said to the rear master: "His subordinates took on incompetent positions with shallow talents, and personally received the king's order and the pennant axe to inspire the three armies, but failed to follow the rules and strict military discipline, and hesitated to make decisions in the face of major events, so that the mistake of violating the military order in the street pavilion occurred. According to the "Spring and Autumn" rule of punishing the commander first for military defeats, the main responsibility for the mistakes in this war lies with the ministers. Ask for a three-level demotion to punish the fault. So the latter lord reappointed Zhuge Liang as the right general, acting as the prime minister, and still in charge of the national military and political affairs as before.

At the same time, Zhao Yun was demoted to the general of the town army, in addition to Ma Jian was beheaded, the generals Zhang Xiu and Li Sheng did not escape to death, and Zhuge Liang also seized the military power of Huang Xi and others. And because of his outstanding performance, Wang Ping was worshiped by Zhuge Liang as a member of the army, commanded the Wudang Fei Army, promoted to the position of General Kou, and was named the Marquis of Ting.

On the Cao Wei side, Emperor Cao Rong of the Ming Dynasty issued an edict to reward Zhang He and said: "The thief Kou Zhuge Liang led the rabble of Ba and Shu and met the soldiers of our army like a tiger. General, thou shalt be clothed in armor and wielded in thy sharp weapon, and thou shalt conquer all thou shalt conquer thou shalt be rewarded, and thou shalt increase thy food and thou shalt increase thy food and thy one thousand, and thy one thousand shall be rewarded, and thou shalt make a thousand three hundred. ”

Yongzhou assassin Guo Huai and Tang Fan, who broke the Qiang people, added General Jianwei. And all the others have their own rewards.