Leaving behind the pie of material rewards and spiritual rewards, Jian Chen no longer cares about the affairs here. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 info Do good or bad, you always have to try to know, these city projects will give the clansmen a chance to show themselves, Chen Jian doesn't need to do everything, just choose the right person to manage.

Good bureaucrats are not necessarily good bureaucrats, but at least they know some technology and don't make decisions on the slap of their heads.

It will take at least until winter has passed, but now the nitrate in the corner of the toilet cannot be wasted, so it is time to conduct a ratio test when there is nothing to do in winter.

According to Chen Jian's request, someone had already used various tools to scrape off the nitrate oozing from the sunny side of the toilet due to the cold weather.

I lit a pile of wood, found a half-burned charcoal, grabbed a small pinch of nitrate and threw it on the charcoal fire and blew it hard, and the wooden stick that had only left the red charcoal fire burst violently, the flame color was not purple, because the yellow flame color of the sodium salt would overshadow the purple, as long as it was sure that there was enough nitrate to support combustion.

These nitrate clay should be good, the tribesmen scraped five baskets, found a large clay pot to pour these nitrate clay into it, and then poured in some plant ash, stirred and added warm water to dissolve and stir.

After stirring, it is filtered with a burlap cloth, and then the burned bricks and tiles are used to make the shape of a dripping eaves, and the filtered solution is dripped on the bricks and tiles little by little.

When the bricks are soaked, the water droplets will fall layer by layer, which plays a filtering role, and the clay pots are used under several layers of bricks and tiles, revealing the red dirty water.

Then the thatch was used to filter out the sand and some impurities that could not be melted, and a clay pot was erected in the open space outside the city, and a fire was built underneath, and the solution of these fire nitrates was poured into it.

There are a lot of strange minerals in it, which are not very pure fire nitrates, and it is very troublesome to purify.

There's salt, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, and so on in a mess. Salt is good to say, the solubility of salt will not increase much with the increase of temperature, and the solubility of fire nitrate will increase with the increase of temperature, understand this, boil the water, and wait until the precipitation crystallization appears below to pour the water into another basin to cool.

After the temperature is reduced, the solubility of fire nitrate drops rapidly, and the solubility of salt does not change, the crystals precipitated after cooling in the basin are fire nitrate, and the salt is still in the solution.

But other minerals are more troublesome, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate and the like are easy to deliquescent, even if the content is not much, mixed in gunpowder, it is easy to cause the adsorption of moisture in the air to become crystalline hydrate, resulting in gunpowder moisture.

The effect of adding plant ash is to generate magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate, which are insoluble in water, but cannot be completely precipitated.

In the past, the ancients purified the method of cutting a few large carrots and throwing them into it when boiling nitrate, so that these impurities could be adsorbed on it, so as to purify the fire nitrate, which is a great invention and very practical. The Ming generation was purified in this way, and until the end of the Qing Dynasty, those people who boiled nitrate were still using carrots.

However, Chen Jian had never seen radish in his life, so he had to replace it with mustard gnocchi, although they were all cruciferous plants, but the effect was definitely not good.

It is the principle of using radish to absorb those salts that are easy to deliquescent, Chen Jian couldn't figure it out, so he had to draw a gourd in the same way.

Cut a few pieces of freshly harvested mustard gnocchi and throw them into the solution, boil them over a fire, and after boiling, find half a bucket of soy milk and pour it inside.

Soybean milk needs heavy metal salts to degenerate into tofu, which can absorb some impurities and heavy metal salts, and wait until the soy milk becomes bean curd and then use a cloth to fish it out.

When boiling to a certain extent and white crystals precipitate out at the bottom of the pot, pour the water from the top layer into another pot to cool.

As the temperature decreases, the solubility of potassium nitrate is saturated, and the nitrate begins to slowly settle at the bottom of the pot.

After it has cooled completely, the liquid in the upper layer is put away, and this waste liquid is also a good thing for the city, which is rich in potassium salts and minerals, which can be used to fertilize the fields.

After cooling, add water to dissolve again, take some melted fish bladder glue and pig skin glue, throw it into the water and boil, the gum is dissolved, and those impurities such as sand and gravel are adsorbed and precipitated.

It is filtered for the last time, and after boiling, it is almost pure white fire nitrate.

Five baskets of nitrate finally boiled out a basket of nitrate, about seventy or eighty catties, at least before the summer, Chen Jian had no other way to get new nitrate, so he could only use this ignition to match gunpowder.

The fine willow charcoal and natural sulfur had been prepared, and mills had been installed in the barracks of the new army, and the news was tightly sealed, and Jian Chen only brought a few trustworthy clansmen to start configuring this kind of thing that could change the times.

It is said that gunpowder changed the times, not just because of its power, but because of the widespread impact it caused.

Even if there were no bronze cannons and heavy muskets today, with the intensive use of grenades and the spread of rudimentary gunpowder weapons such as pine shotguns, these would appear sooner or later.

The advent of gunpowder weapons, in a short time: phalanx spearmen are unlikely to appear in the Bronze Age of this cultural sphere, and may choose to use more sparse formations to prevent huge casualties and instantaneous collapse; Because of the sparse formation, shock units such as chariots will dominate the battlefield for a long time, and the status of military nobility with long-term training will be further improved; Correspondingly, the proportion of the army's crossbowmen and other projection classes in Chen Jian's cultural circle will be greatly increased.

In order to fight against the war chariots and the rest of the shock arms, the infantry may revive the phalanx with strict discipline after a low experience, in order to counter the shock classes and instant casualties, and discipline will be the focus of the princes of the various cities for a long time; With the improvement of infantry discipline and the emergence of new weapons, military aristocrats who have received military training since childhood will gradually dilute the role on the battlefield, and after more than ten years of training, the proficiency of archers and horses is only a matter that can be solved by a shot of lead bullets, and the interests of the entire class will be affected.

Hundreds of years later, the old-fashioned ones would have two possibilities, either they would unite to completely ban gunpowder, or they would be completely shattered by the new gunpowder weapons, and the roar of the bronze cannon would be the death knell for this class.

With the advent of new gunpowder weapons and the rapid training of new recruits, the practical significance of the military aristocracy has been lost, and only the last struggle remains...... Obviously, no matter how to change the trend of history, at least after the unification of the war-torn cultural circle, there is no need for the military aristocracy, and the separation of feudal culture will naturally not occur, and when the industrial age comes, the population will be the largest foundation of a country, and a unified country has a great advantage.

Of course, history is full of accidents, and the general direction is like this, but there may be many unexpected changes in the details.

Chen Jian just speculated about the possibility and chose the tomb in advance for the military aristocracy that he had just created, which was still in its infancy.

From the very beginning, he was constantly creating new classes and destroying them with his own hands.

The times are advancing, and the progress of the times is the destruction of classes and the birth of a new class.

For example, the destruction of the clan does not mean that the patriarch is killed, but because of the use of slaves and tools, the disintegration of the clan is inevitable, and the private system is inevitable, and when marriage and family become the mainstream, the patriarch of the clan is still alive, but the clan is dead.

For example, the destruction of slave owners does not mean that all slave owners are killed, but because of the innovation of the means of production, these slaves either cannot keep up with the times and die, or they become a new rent and rentier class. This man as a slave owner did not die, but the slave owner class died.

As for the wailing of those nostalgic people, recalling the beauty of the past era, and vainly trying to solve the new contradictions that have emerged in the new era and which they have never seen by completely restoring the old era, in the face of the torrent of the times, it is just a joke. (To be continued.) )