After the destruction of the Yin Shang, on the issue of how to deal with the remnants of the Yin Shang and the upper nobles of the Yin Shang, King Wu decided to let Wu Geng, the son of the King of Wu, continue to manage the capital of the Shang Dynasty, and divided the Wang Ji of the Shang Dynasty into three areas: Wei, 鄘 (yōng), and 邶 (bèi), which were ruled by King Wu's younger brothers, Guan Shu, Cai Shu, and Huo Shu, to monitor Wu Geng, known as the Three Eunuchs. After the death of King Wu of Zhou, there was a rebellion in the three eunuchs, and the Duke of Zhou led his troops to crusade, which lasted a total of three years. In the past three years, the Duke of Zhou not only quelled the rebellion of the three eunuchs, but also extended the power of the Zhou Dynasty to the coastal areas in the east, the Huai River valley in the south, and the Liaodong region in the north. At this time, the Zhou Dynasty had become a great country.

After the rebellion of Zhou Pingping, in order to strengthen his control over the east, he officially put forward the proposal to establish the eastern capital Luoyi, which is today's Luoyang, Henan. At the same time, the Duke of Zhou moved a large number of Shang Dynasty nobles captured in the war to Luoyi, and sent Zhaobo to garrison the Eighth Division in Luoyi to strengthen their supervision. How to rule the conquered areas is the biggest problem that needs to be solved after the victory of the war, the Yin people destroyed the Xia people, and the Zhou people destroyed the Yin people, all of which were the first to destroy the feudal states around the national capital. If the Zhou people had not first destroyed the feudal state in the western part of the Shang Dynasty, King Wu would not have been able to drive straight to the vicinity of the capital of the Shang Dynasty and fight a decisive battle of Muye.

Judging from the rebellion of the three eunuchs of Zhou Pingping and the destruction of these rebellious feudal states, such an important area as the area around the royal capital could no longer be managed by other clans, and the most trustworthy members of the Zhou clan had to be divided into the periphery of the national capital to defend the royal capital.

Therefore, after the establishment of the capital Luoyi, the Duke of Zhou began to implement the policy of feudal statehood, and at this time, the division of the Duke of Zhou was essentially different from the division of the Wuwang period. He successively established 71 sub-feudal states, and assigned 15 brothers and 16 meritorious heroes of King Wu to the feudal states as princes as a barrier to defend the Zhou royal family. In addition, the Duke of Zhou generally implemented the well-field system in the feudal country, unified land planning, and consolidated and strengthened the economic foundation of the Zhou Dynasty. In addition, the Duke of Zhou also divided a large number of countries with the same surname and countries with different surnames, all in order to strengthen the rule of the Zhou Dynasty.

After King Wu of Zhou destroyed the Shang Dynasty, because the capital of the Zhou Dynasty, Haojing, was far west, and could not well control the eastern region where the old Yin Shang clan was widely distributed, King Wu had the idea of building a new capital at that time. But before this matter could be fully implemented, King Wu died and left. After the Zhou Dynasty's Eastern Crusade, due to the expansion of the vast territory in the east, an urgent requirement at this time was to shift the center of gravity of the Zhou Dynasty's rule to the east. Therefore, the Duke of Zhou inherited the will of King Wu of Zhou and decided to build the capital Luoyi.

Luoyi is located in the center of the Yiluo Basin through which Yishui and Luoshui flow, the terrain is flat, the soil is fertile, looking at Longmen Mountain in the south, leaning on the Bishan Mountain in the north, surrounded by mountains, the terrain is dangerous. The four rivers of Yishui, Luoshui, 瀍 (chán) water, and Jianshui flow in Luoyi. Relying on flowing water, it can form a transportation line that extends in all directions, and it is a good place to build a capital.

In the fifth year of the regency of the Duke of Zhou, the official large-scale construction of Luoyi began. Zhou Gong and Zhao Bo worked together to plan the specific location of the city, the temple, the court, and the city. Luoyi, which was built under the auspices of the Duke of Zhou, was called Cheng Zhou, and when the Western Zhou Dynasty fell, King Ping of Zhou moved east and became the capital of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. Chengzhou Luoyi is a large-scale capital, the main buildings in the city are Taimiao, Wenwang Temple, Wuwang Temple, Lu Bed, Mingtang and other five palaces, there are different passages in the city. After the completion of Chengzhou Luoyi, the Zhou Dynasty had two capitals, east and west, and Chengzhou Luoyi became the accompanying capital.

After the completion of Luoyi in Zhou, the Duke of Zhou summoned the princes of the world to hold a grand celebration here. Here, the Duke of Zhou officially canonized the princes of the world, and announced various rules and regulations, and formulated etiquette and music, so as to plan the long-term peace and stability of the Zhou Dynasty.

In the system of etiquette, etiquette emphasizes otherness, that is, the so-called respect for people who should be respected; The role of music is harmony, that is, the so-called closeness to the people who should be close. Differences and harmony are two aspects of consolidating the unity within the Zhou people. Respect for relatives has also become the fundamental principle and guiding ideology of legislation and justice in the Western Zhou Dynasty.

The central issue to be solved by the rite is the distinction between the noble and the low, that is, the patriarchal system, and further speaking, the question of how to establish the inheritance system. Since there was no strict inheritance system, the Duke of Zhou could certainly be called the king, and the three eunuchs could also betray the royal family because of the competition for the throne. As a small state, the Zhou people cannot but consider the experience and lessons left by the Yin people in the big state, not to mention that the Zhou Duke knows the history of the Xia Dynasty and the Yin Dynasty well. On the issue of succession to the throne, Yin Shang began to have a son and a younger brother, and this coexistence once led to the century-long "Ninth Rebellion" of Yin Shang. It was in this hundred years that there were successive disputes over the throne within the Yin Shang, and the capital was repeatedly moved, and the strength was sharply reduced, so that it was no longer able to take care of other princes and tribes, and the princes and tribes around the Shang Dynasty also took the opportunity to develop.

Whether to pass the throne to a brother or to a son will arise as to whether it will be passed on to the elder, to the youngest, or to the virtuous. If the youngest brother is old, he needs to pass it on to the next generation, and to whom should the next generation be passed on? The Shang king had his own sons and nephews, and it seemed that it was reasonable to pass it on to anyone. The existence of these complex contradictions often leads to disputes in the royal family, which in turn leads to the decline of royal power. In this case, the country will not last.

In the later period, Yin Shang obviously abolished the system of passing on the younger brother and established the system of passing on the son. Such an inheritance system will inevitably deduce a set of strict etiquette and legal systems that uphold the hierarchy of the father and the son, the brother and the brother, and the son of heaven and the princes. This kind of ritual and legal system, while insisting that the Zhou people should abide by it, did play a role in consolidating the patriarchal system, and then maintained the rule of Zhou Tianzi, and ensured to the greatest extent that there would be no internal chaos due to the issue of the throne.

There are many details in the etiquette law, such as anyone who violates the specific rules of etiquette, room, clothing, utensils, etc., is considered indecent and transgressive. The premise of the land that Zhou Tianzi gave to the princes must be that the land belongs to the state, that is, "under the whole world, it is not the king's land". In order to strengthen the central dynasty's rule over the localities, the Duke of Zhou, on the basis of summarizing the experience of the previous generations, established the system of canonization, procession, pilgrimage, and tribute.

In the later years of the regency of the Duke of Zhou, King Cheng had grown up, and the Duke of Zhou decided to return power to King Cheng. Before returning to power, the Duke of Zhou wrote an article called "Wuyi", in which he used the demise of Yin Shang as a lesson from the past, and warned King Cheng to understand the difficulties of governing the world, and not to indulge in sound, comfort, play and field hunting. After the abdication of the Duke of Zhou, he devoted his main energy to making rituals and making music, and continued to improve various rules and regulations.

In the second year of the Zhou Gong system, that is, the seventh year of the regency of the Duke of Zhou, the Duke of Zhou completely handed over the throne to King Cheng. When the country is in danger, he does not hide from hardships and stands up to take on the heavy responsibility of the king; When the country turned from crisis to peace and embarked on the path of smooth development, he resolutely relinquished the throne. This is a selfless and fearless spirit, and this spirit of Zhou Gong has always been praised by future generations.

Duke Zhou did not let go of Cheng Wang because of his abdication, he constantly warned Cheng Wang: Only when you know the hard work of farming can you truly understand the people; Parents work hard in the fields, and if their children do not know the hardships of farming, they will covet comfort and absurdity; Even insulting their parents saying that they don't understand anything when they are old, this kind of unfilial words must not be said; Punishment shall be imposed on those who are not filial and unfriendly; As a supreme ruler, you must know the hidden sufferings of the people; King Wen did not eat well and did not dress well, was thrifty and loved the people, and participated in labor with the people, in order to unite the people; He did not dare to be comfortable in the musical safari and did not ask for anything extraordinary, so the Zhou people survived for a long time.

Three years after the Duke of Zhou returned power to King Cheng, he returned to Fengdi to retire, and soon became seriously ill. Before dying, Duke Zhou told him to bury himself in Chengzhou, to show that he would not leave Chengwang until he died. After the death of the Duke of Zhou, King Cheng buried the Duke of Zhou in the cemetery of King Wen, and King Cheng said: I dare not treat the Duke of Zhou as a courtier.

The Duke of Zhou was one of the most revered figures by Confucius and was revered as a sage by Confucianism. The ideas of Zhou Gong played a foundational role in the formation of Confucianism, and the Han Dynasty even called Zhou Gong and Confucius together, Zhou Gong was the Yuan Sheng, and Confucius was the most holy. The Zhou metric system was used for ritual music, and a set of rules and regulations to maintain the patriarchal law of the monarch and the upper and lower ranks were formulated and implemented. The primogeniture system was established, and at the same time, the other concubines were divided into princes and princes, and their relationship with the Son of Heaven was the relationship between the local government and the central government, and between the small sects and the large sects, which was the so-called ritual system. The purpose of this was to strengthen the rule of the Zhou dynasty, and it was also this kind of orderly society that Confucius pursued throughout his life, and influenced it for thousands of years.

Okay, about the content of Zhou Gong, let's introduce it here. Savoring the stories between these sages is actually very moving. Below, let's enjoy the 14 poems in "Zhao Nan"!