When the princes descended from the coffin, the commander ordered the crowd not to make a noise, and listened to the drum beat and gradually loosened the rope and went down to the coffin. When the doctor descended from the coffin, the person in command did not use the drumbeat, but simply ordered to stop crying. When the sergeant was in the coffin, there was no special person to direct it, and the weeping relatives advised each other to stop crying. The princes used pine wood to make coffins, the doctors used cypress wood to make coffins, and the scholars used miscellaneous wood to make coffins. In the space between the coffins, the princes should be able to accommodate the wishes, the doctors should be able to accommodate the pots, and the scholars should be able to accommodate the lower coffins (wǔ). The coffins of the princes are lined on the inner wall, and the outer wall is also carefully processed; The doctor's coffin has no lining on the inner wall; The outer wall of the coffin has not been processed.

*********

(23) Sacrifice

The rules of the sacrifice: the Yellow Emperor is used to enjoy the sacrifice of Yu's clan (dì), and the emperor is used to enjoy the suburban sacrifice, and the sacrifice of the temple is based on the ancestor of 颛顼 (zhuānxū) and the ancestor of Emperor Yao. The Yellow Emperor is also used to enjoy the sacrifice of the Xia Hou clan, and the suburban sacrifice is accompanied by 鲧 (gǔn), and the sacrifice of the Zongmiao is used as the ancestor and Yu is the ancestor. Yin people sacrifice with Yu to enjoy, suburbs with the underworld with the underworld, the temple with the deed for the ancestor, to the soup for the sect. When the Zhou people sacrifice, they were given to enjoy by the emperor, and the sacrifice of the temple was given to the king of Wen as the ancestor, and the king of Wu was the sect.

Set up firewood on the altar and burn the sacrifices, which is the gift of sacrificing to the sky. Digging a pit in Taizhe to bury the offerings is a ritual of sacrifice. Sacrifices to the heavens and to the earth were made with red calves as sacrifices. Bury the young prison on the altar of Taizhao, which is the ritual of sacrificing the four seasons. Offering in a pit or on an altar is a sacrifice to the god of the cold and the heat. The altar of the sun is the place where the sun is worshipped, the altar of the moon is the place where the moon is worshipped, the altar of the stars is the place where the stars are worshipped, and the altar of water and drought is the place where the god of water and drought is worshipped. The pits and altars in the east, west, north and south are places where the gods of the four directions are worshipped. All mountains, forests, valleys, and hills, as long as they can swallow clouds and spit out fog, stir up wind and rain, and have abnormal phenomena, they are called gods. The Son of Heaven should worship the famous mountains and rivers of the world; The princes only sacrificed to the famous mountains and rivers within their own borders, and if they lost their land, they did not need to sacrifice.

Generally speaking, everything that lives between heaven and earth is called life. Among them, the death of all things is called folding, and the death of people is called ghosts. This is something that hasn't changed in five generations. The only thing that has changed in the dependence of the seven generations is that the objects of the sacrifices, suburban sacrifices, ancestral sacrifices, and ancestral sacrifices are different, and there is no change in other aspects.

There is only one Son of Heaven in the whole world, so he divided the land of Kyushu, built a country of princes, set up a capital for the ministers, and set up a city for the doctors, and also generally set up temples, 祧 (tiāo), altars, and piers (shàn) to worship ancestors, and decided the number and specifications of sacrifices according to the distance of the relationship. Therefore, the Son of Heaven set up seven temples and an altar and a mound: that is, the temple of the father, the temple of the grandfather, the temple of the great-ancestor, the temple of the high ancestor, and the temple of the first ancestor, and the above five temples are sacrificed once a month; The temple of the distant ancestors above the high ancestor is called Ao, and the Son of Heaven has two Ao, but it is sacrificed once a season; When the distant ancestors of the Mystery moved out, they sacrificed on the altar; When the distant ancestors on the altar moved out, they sacrificed on the mound; For the distant ancestor gods who moved out of the altar, they only sacrificed when they prayed, and they did not sacrifice without praying; The distant ancestors who moved out of the mounds were called oni, and they usually did not sacrifice unless they encountered a sacrifice.

The princes set up five temples and an altar and a pier: that is, the temple of the father, the temple of the grandfather, and the temple of the great-grandfather, and the above three temples were sacrificed once a month; Gaozu Temple, the Temple of the First Ancestor, is sacrificed once a quarter; The gods who moved out of the ancestral temple were sacrificed on the altar, and the distant ancestor gods who moved out of the altar were sacrificed on the pier; For the distant ancestors who moved out of the altar, they should be sacrificed if they prayed, otherwise they would not be sacrificed; The distant ancestors who moved out of the mound were called oni, and they usually did not sacrifice unless they encountered a sacrifice.

The doctor set up three temples and two altars: that is, the father's temple, the grandfather's temple, and the great-grandfather's temple, and these three temples are sacrificed once a quarter; The great ancestors and ancestors of the doctors have no temple, and if there is something to pray to them, they will be sacrificed on the altar, and the distant ancestors who moved out of the altar are called turtles. The eunuchs set up two temples and one altar: that is, the temple of the father and the temple of the grandfather, and these two temples are sacrificed once a quarter; The great-ancestor did not have a temple, and if he sometimes prayed to the great-grandfather, he would be offered on the altar; The distant ancestors above the great-ancestors who moved from the altar were called turtles. The official teacher only built one temple, that is, the father temple; My grandfather didn't have a temple, so if I wanted to sacrifice, I would sacrifice at my father's temple; Ancestors above the grandfather are called oni when they die. Ordinary taxis and people are not qualified to build temples, and their fathers and ancestors are called ghosts when they die.

The society established by the Son of Heaven for the people of the world is called the Great Shrine. The society that the Son of Heaven set up for himself is called the Wang Society. The society established by the princes for the people in the country is called the national society; The society that the princes set up for themselves is called the Hou Society. The doctor does not set up a self-established society, but establishes a society with the people of Tongli, which is called a house.

The Son of Heaven sacrificed seven gods closely related to people's daily life for the people of the world, that is, the god of command, the god of the middle slip, the god of the country, the god of the country, the god of Taili, the god of the household, and the god of the stove. The Son of Heaven also sacrificed the above seven gods for himself. The princes sacrificed five gods closely related to people's daily life for the people in the country, that is, the god of command, the god of the middle slip, the god of the country, the god of the country, and the god of public power. The princes also sacrificed to the above five gods for themselves. The doctor worships three gods that are closely related to people's daily life, that is, the god of clans, the god of doors, and the god of roads. Ordinary people and ordinary people only worship one god that is closely related to life, or sacrifice to the household god, or sacrifice to the god of the stove.

For the descendants of the descendants who died in the minors, the Son of Heaven can be sacrificed to the five generations, that is, the son-in-law, the grandson, the great-grandson, the great-great-grandson, and the grandson. For the descendants of the descendants who died under the age, the princes can sacrifice three generations, that is, the son-in-law, the grandson, and the great-grandson; The doctor can sacrifice the second generation, that is, the son-in-law and grandson; The concubines and commoners only sacrificed until the concubines stopped.

The holy king laid down the principle of sacrifice: sacrifice to those who were set as an example by the people, sacrifice to those who died in the line of duty, sacrifice to those who contributed to the stability of the country, sacrifice to those who can prevent disasters for the public, and sacrifice to those who can save the people from fire and water. So when the Lishan clan ruled the world, he had a son named Nong, who was able to guide the people to plant a hundred grains; When the Xia Dynasty declined, the ancestors of the Zhou people abandoned the unfinished business of inheriting agriculture, so they were named the gods of Ji by later generations to worship. When the Gonggong clan dominated Kyushu, he had a son named Houto, who was able to divide the terroir of Kyushu and make the people have their own place, so he was worshiped as a shrine god.

The emperor was able to draw the four hours according to the movement of the stars, so that the people's labor and rest had their own time; Di Yao can try his best to make the criminal law just and set an example for the people; Emperor Shun died in a foreign country for state affairs; 鲧 (gǔn) to control the flood and was killed before it was successful; Xia Yu can complete his father's unfinished business; The Yellow Emperor can give a suitable name to all kinds of things, so that people can distinguish between high and low, and they can take the products of the mountains; He could further improve the cause of the Yellow Emperor; As Situ, he has made outstanding achievements in educating the people; Conscientiously devoted himself to his duties and died in his position; Shang Tang can treat the people with generosity and eliminate violence; King Wen has Wenzhi, King Wu has martial arts, and the scourge of King Wen is removed for people.