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Extrusion, extension and thinning. Pen, fun, and www.biquge.info

These are the basic knowledge of military engineering that many people know later, but for the people of this era, they are theories that transcend the times.

Extrusion, extension and thinning.

When Xu Shushan muttered about this process between his lips, Zhu Yifeng turned a blind eye to their shock.

"The use of cold extrusion, high material utilization, improved material structure and mechanical properties, simple operation, high productivity, can reduce the cost of the shell, so that it is within the acceptable range."

Compared to their shock, Zhu Yifeng seemed very calm, sometimes all he needed was to show the engineer a way, and he didn't necessarily need to do it himself. However, his knowledge of the manufacture of bullets was also extremely limited, limited to theoretical knowledge.

In fact, the production technology of eggshells is not complicated, and the technology applied is extrusion. As early as the 17th century, the French used a manual screw press to extrude lead pipes, which were used as water pipes, which was the beginning of cold extrusion, and now the cold extrusion of zinc, copper and copper alloys has also been realized, and the use of presses has long been popularized in the manufacture of coins, and it can be used to make bullet cases after the press is improved.

"Maybe the metal guzzle costs more than the bullet casing, but it's worth it compared to the performance. You can try it out, and if you need a machine, you can contact the mint. ”

Although he knows that metal eggshells are the future, Zhu Yifeng knows very well that metal eggshells cannot be manufactured immediately, and even after they are manufactured, they will be limited by output, so in comparison, although the "bullet shells" made of oiled paper and flax are relatively "backward", they are at least more advanced than front-loading guns.

"However, it is estimated that it will be a long time before the metal shells will be able to meet our needs. So? I hope that this new rifle, which uses paper eggshells, will be put into production soon! ”

In fact, the so-called "Grasse rifle" used by the French after the Franco-Prussian War was modified from the Chasepo rifle, and the Germans also modified the captured Chasebo rifle to fire Mauser bullets.

After explaining the basic process of manufacturing shells, Zhu Yifeng looked at a few artillery pieces over there, all of which were bought by France without exception, including 12-pound mountain howitzers, as well as the famous 12-pound Napoleon guns, before Xu Shushan came back from France, he spent 50,000 taels of silver to buy hundreds of 12-pound Napoleon guns, a new type of artillery that was just finalized last year. The 12-pounder Napoleon was now the main artillery weapon of the Rebels, replacing other old and self-cast guns. Moreover, the arsenal will also imitate this kind of high-performance artillery in the future, and it can be said that the arrival of Xu Shushan has greatly improved the combat effectiveness of the rebel army. New artillery, new grenade fuses, and now new rifles were all brought back from France by this "national uncle" without exception.

"This is a 12-pounder Napoleon cannon?"

Although the 12-pounder Napoleon cannon can be said to be a long-standing name, although each infantry regiment of the rebel army now has an artillery company composed of six Napoleon guns, this is the first time Zhu Yifeng has seen Napoleon guns.

"It's 12 pounder and it's a Napoleonic cannon, but we've modified it!"

Xu Shushan opened her mouth and said, her expression revealing an extremely proud look. Indeed, for him, who is not an artillery technician himself, being able to overcome the biggest shortcomings of rifled guns for many years in such a short period of time is enough to make him proud.

"We made it ourselves?"

The two Napoleonic cannons look very similar, but from their materials, it can be seen that one is cast in bronze, while the other is made of wrought iron, and unlike the normal Napoleonic cannon, there is an extra sleeve at the end of the iron Napoleon.

"Yes, Handu, this is exactly the rifled cannon we made!"

"Rifled guns!"

Looking at Xu Shushan, Zhu Yifeng said in a surprised tone.

"Chengyi, you're saying that now we can already know rifled guns?"

Walking to the muzzle, Zhu Yifeng looked at the rifling of the muzzle, regardless of the fact that there were six rifling wires that were almost two fingers wide, and the rifling was more than two millimeters deep...... No, it should be a letter. What does rifled cannon mean? He knew very well that the rifling inside the chamber of the gun made the fired shell rotate in the chamber, which not only maintained the ballistic stability of the shell, but also increased the firing range. This kind of cannon that "hits accurately and far" is definitely a cross-era invention in the history of weapons.

And more importantly, the column-type shells of rifled guns can use **** firing fuses! Although the rebels now use the most advanced disc fuse in this era, its reliability can not be compared with the **** firing fuze, more importantly, compared with the disc fuze that needs to set the time, the **** firing fuse will explode when it lands, if the new type of artillery shell is filled with high explosives, whether it is used to attack soldiers or attack warships, it will bring a devastating disaster.

Looking at the rifling in the barrel, Zhu Yifeng was speechless for a while, just thinking about another thing in his mind. Han Du's reaction made Xu Shushan look very proud, he smiled and waved his hand, and said to the soldier next to him:

"Bring me a cannonball."

The soldier brought a cannonball, a 14.5-kilogram shell, almost as heavy as a 32-pound shell, and the columnar shell had twelve coin-like circular protrusions on the lower column, which were divided into two layers, each layer of six neatly scattered columns.

"Handu, their function is to embed the rifling, and then to rotate the shell in the chamber, it will be as accurate as a rifled gun, and because it has more charge and a more reasonable shell shape, its muzzle velocity is much higher than that of a normal 12-pounder gun."

"Set up a target boat on the river and fire a few shots from 2,000 meters away!"

Naturally, the results of the test firing were perfect, and all five shells were accurately hit this year, and the target boat on the river was actually a "target" composed of several large straw mats tied to the raft.

Putting down the telescope in his hand, Zhu Yifeng looked at the rifled gun thoughtfully, the accuracy of the ordinary smoothbore gun was far from comparable to him, if it was combined with the explosive fuse, the matter of Guangzhou that he had been hesitating about would be solved. But this rifled gun was not perfect enough. Although it is a rifled gun, it is still a front-loading gun, and in the future, it will belong to a rear-loading gun, just like a rear-loading gun.

"Now that we have made rifled guns, why can't we make breech-loading rifled guns?"

"Rear-loading rifled guns?"

After experiencing the impact of his previous proposal to improve the use of metal cartridge casings in rifles, although he was surprised by Zhu Yifeng's proposal, Xu Shushan had adapted to his whimsy.

"Yes, that's right, rear-loading guns, shells are easier to make, have a longer range, and have greater accuracy!"

Taking out the notepad from his pocket, Zhu Yifeng used a pencil to draw a pattern on the notepad, which is the cannonball graphic of later generations, the shape of a streamlined body.

"You see, at the bottom of the shell, this belt can be made of copper, copper is too hard, you can use lead first, so that the shell is simpler to make, the belt can be embedded in rifling, the shell and the chamber are more airtight, the natural muzzle velocity is higher, the rate of fire is farther, and of course, the rate of fire is faster."

From the engineer's point of view, Xu Shushan naturally knew that what Han Du said was true, and looked at the shell.

"What about the breathlessness of the tail of the gun? Shell casings? ”

Xu Shushan's voice was hesitant, as if metal bullet shells were the best choice.

"That's right, it's a cartridge case, in order to adapt to the metal cartridge shell, we can design a gun latch, this cannon bolt has three basic functions: firing the shell, locking the gun chamber, extracting the cartridge ......"

Zhu Yifeng said as he drew a simple sketch on the paper, which was the shape of a wedge-type gun bolt.

"The latch is a wedge-shaped body with a firing device mounted in each hole inside, well, you can imagine a hammer built into this latch......"

Explaining the principle of the wedge bolt, Zhu Yifeng drew another barrel.

"The barrel can be combined with the bolt with a thread, so that when the life of the barrel is reached, it can be replaced with a new one......"

Just as he was drawing the barrel, a thought suddenly appeared in his mind, and he looked at Xu Shushan as if he was thinking of something and asked.

"If I'm not mistaken, I fainted that there was a train in Daye's equipment, right? Are there axles there? ”

Xu Shushan, who was slightly surprised, nodded and said after hearing it.

"In Daye, we will build a railway connecting the iron mine and the iron factory, in addition to the train and carriages, there are hundreds of spare axles, because the wear and tear of the axles is very high, and we can make our own axles when the steam hammer from the arsenal is put into use."

"How thick are the axles? How long? What is the material? ”

Therefore, I will mention axles because I once saw an article on the Internet that the New Fourth Army used axles to make cannon barrels during the Anti-Japanese War. And the effect is very good, although its caliber is not large, but the firing range can reach more than 4,000 meters, whether it is its accuracy or range, it is far from being comparable to smoothbore guns.

How thick? How long?

In surprise, Xu Shushan recalled the train axle he had seen before replying.

"We bought the train with a four-foot-eight-inch half-track gauge, and its axle length should be 2.3 meters, and the diameter should be 2.3 meters, um, we have two kinds of axles, among which the steam locomotive is a large axle, and the thickest part of the two should be about 22 centimeters, as for the middle and two ends of about 17 centimeters, I have to go back and check the specific rules. As for its material, the axle is used to bear weight, so it is made of the best wrought iron...... I know! ”

Xu Shushan, who suddenly figured out everything, looked at Zhu Yifeng in surprise, and suddenly shouted excitedly.

"Handu, you want to make a cannon barrel out of axles, yes, yes! The axles are made of the best wrought iron, and even its hardness is not inferior to steel, yes, that's right, this is the best material for making artillery! (To be continued.) )