"Fallacy"

"Crooked Ways"

Such assertions made Guo Songtao breathe a long sigh of relief, and he immediately understood that what he had said earlier was not "deviant" at least in the ears of the Han King. The exclamation of the King of Han www.biquge.info the pen and the fun pavilion came into his ears, and he couldn't help but feel a little surprised.

"Alone?"

"That's right!"

Nodding, Zhu Yifeng continued to walk forward.

At that time, there were countless "crooked heresies", but it was Shang Ying, the so-called Legalist genius, who turned the "policy of fooling the people" into a set of practical strategies, and built the weak country of Qin in the west into a powerful country at once, and it was with Shang Ying's "policy of fooling the people" that the Qin State swept the six countries and unified China. ”

Guo Songtao, who is also familiar with history books, heard the King of Han mention Shang Ying, and when he mentioned the Qin State, he just bowed his head and followed the King of Han half a step without saying a word, while Zhu Yifeng, who was talkative, continued.

"Why should Shang Ying be foolish?"

After the rhetorical question, Zhu Yifeng asked himself again

"In the Book of Shang Jun? The answer is given in the "Dividing Chapter". "If the people are foolish, it is easy to govern", because the purpose of political science of "foolish people" seems to be very simple, and the people are stupid, and it is easy to govern, as said in the "Book of Shang Jun", "Those who can control the world in the past must first control their people; He who can defeat the enemy first will also defeat his people. And how to control the people?"

"The weak must be the first to be weak! Only when the people are weak can it be easily controlled! ”

Guo Songtao replied without hesitation.

In short, if you want the people to obey your orders, you must be weak and the people must be weak, neither let them be rich nor strong. The first step of the weak people is naturally the foolish people. And how to "fool the people"? ”

Speaking of this, Zhu Yifeng couldn't help but think of the "Great Qin Empire" that was excited, proud, and fanatical by countless Chinese people because of a "pseudo-documentary science and education film" a century and a half later, and how many people knew that it was the "great" "Great Qin Empire" that they spoke about that opened the source of "foolishness"?

"If the people's knowledge is enlightened and not blocked, the people's knowledge will increase. If the people's knowledge increases, they will not attack the enemy country, and they will produce evil spirits. That's why he said in the Book of Shang Jun, "If it is open but not stuffed, it will be short and long; If you don't attack for a long time, you will be treacherous...... It is necessary to dismantle the moral atmosphere that has been formed among the people in order to unify the thinking of the people, which is the foundation of the country's strength. The country is governed by ten, and the enemy will be cut down, and he will not be poor. The ten enemies of the country do not dare to come, although they must come; If you raise an army and fight it, you will take it; If you don't cut down the soldiers, you will get rich. In addition to this, it is also necessary to prohibit ministers and doctors from traveling to study and to close off people's access to knowledge and information, so as to make the people as ignorant and uneducated as possible, so that they can concentrate on obeying the arrangements and plans of the state. As the saying goes, "the ministers of the country and the doctors, there is nothing to do about knowledge, wisdom, and wandering, and there is no way to live in a hundred counties, so the peasants have nothing to hear and change." If the farmer does not know anything and sees the square, the wise farmer will not be able to depart from his story, and the foolish farmer will not know and will not be able to learn. If the foolish peasant does not know and is not good at learning, he will be a farmer; If Zhinong can't leave his story, the grass will be cultivated. (Note: "The Book of Shang Jun?") Reclamation Order)"

The corners of his lips raised lightly to say these words, and Zhu Yifeng's face showed a look of mockery, this is the root of "peasantism" in ancient China, and its root is not "agriculture-oriented" but "ignorant peasants".

But how can we make the common people fools? It is not enough to keep the people from being uneducated, but also to keep the people from being educated. Naturally, there is what he said in his book: "If the people are not allowed to migrate without permission, they will be foolish." The people of the rebellious peasants have nothing to eat but must farm. ””

If the people are forbidden to move freely, they will be ignorant, and those who move around restlessly and disturb the farming will lose their place to eat and have to farm honestly. This is precisely the only magic weapon of the "foolish people" of the Chinese rulers.

It is not enough to restrict the free movement of the common people, but also to turn the common people into poor, as the so-called "rich and prostituted are promiscuous, and prostitute is lice." the people are rich and do not use it", so that the people must be kept poor by restricting commerce, so that they do not become rich and not easy to serve. The purpose of "emphasizing agriculture and suppressing business" is not to maintain the "agricultural capital," but to weaken the people and to control the people. But doing this, the people are not happy, the food is also sexual, the people are not willing to be poor, after all, people are yearning for a better life, at this time, what to do? How to maintain rule? ”

Shaking his head and sneering, Zhu Yifeng once again quoted the words in the Book of Shang Jun.

That's why there is "the kingdom governs the traitors with good people, and they will be chaotic and cut off; The country governs the good people with traitors, and he will rule and be strong. With "the government is evil for the people, and the people are weak; The government is the pleasure of the people, and the people are strong. ”。 But in this way, the people will naturally resist, which is also the heavy punishment of the Qin State, "If the heavy punishment is even his crime, the people who are anxious will not fight, the people who are ruthless will not litigate, the people who are lazy will not swim, the people who spend money will not do it, and the people who are clever and disgusting will not change." The strength of the Qin State, in the final analysis, is the weak people, the foolish people, and the criminal people! ””

"Naturally, Qin II died!"

Guo Songtao added in a timely manner, and Zhu Yifeng nodded approvingly.

Therefore, the rulers of later generations will learn the lessons of the Qin State, but when they learn its lessons, they will not forget the success of the Qin State in governing the people with "foolish people". It was at this time that Dong Zhong appeared at a comfortable time! ”

When Dong Zhongshu was mentioned, Zhu Yifeng's eyebrows raised slightly. And Guo Songtao also looked at him in astonishment because of King Han's words, as if he didn't understand why King Han mentioned Dong Zhongshu.

In terms of doctrine, unlike the Legalists, who take the weak people, the foolish people, and the people as the core, the root of Confucianism is "people-oriented", and the most representative sentence is "the people are precious, the society is secondary, and the monarch is light", and even in "Mencius" in "King Hui of Liang", Mencius said that King Qi Xuan said: "The king's ministers have entrusted their wives to their friends, and the Chu travelers, compared to them, will freeze their wives, so what?" The king said, "Abandon it." He said, "If a judge cannot cure a judge, what is it?" The king said, "That's it." He said: "If it is not cured within the four realms, what will it be?" Wang Gu talked about him left and right." ……”

When mentioning this article, Zhu Yifeng couldn't help but smile slightly,

This passage is very interesting, in fact, Mencius gave King Qi Xuan a set, King Qi Xuan's abandonment, one has been, one has severed diplomatic relations, one is dismissed, but when it can be replaced by the country, he will talk about it, Confucianism stands on the position of the people, the monarch can not govern the country, and he has to be responsible for stepping down, and there is no foolish people to maintain the meaning of the ruler to rule. The founders of Confucianism at that time were not attached to the powerful, but were all "big husbands" who stood up to the sky. He will not sell his personality for political interests and give advice to the monarch. Whether it is Confucius or Mencius, his doctrine is full of "raising the people" and "teaching the people". The "religious people" must not be the policy of the "foolish people", but quite the opposite. But when it came to Dong Zhongshu, it changed its taste! ”

At this time, the two of them walked very slowly, and Guo Songtao frowned from time to time, every word of King Han today, in addition to his shock, was even more thought-provoking.

The death of the second emperor of the Qin State is certainly alarming, but the Han Dynasty followed the Qin system, in fact, it was just a cover up of the way of the "foolish people", and Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty said the clear words of "overlord and miscellaneous" in order to educate the prince of "benevolence and Confucianism". Later, in order to please the Han Dynasty, Dong Zhongshu tampered with the foundation of Confucianism, which led to the theory of "Confucianism", which is to use Confucianism to construct ideas and orders such as social norms and loyalty. The Confucian doctrine of benevolence, righteousness and morality is used to establish the foundation for the legitimacy of governance and enhance recognition, while the political practices such as law and administration continue the Legalist study in the Qin law, that is, "Han inherits the Qin system", and Legalist thought has a rich and sufficient argument on "foolish people", and "the people are weak but the country is strong" is its core idea. On the surface, the dynasties talked about Confucian benevolence and righteousness, but in the system, it was a hegemonic technique used by the Legalists to control the people. ”

This is also the reason why Confucianism has become the "study of the foolish people", this is because Legalism as the core idea of the political and administrative system, the general public does not have much contact, these dark contents are the secret "magic weapon" of the ruling class, the people can only see the Confucian benevolence and morality preached by the rulers, and after finding that they have been fooled, they will think that Confucianism has fooled them, so it is wrong to say that Confucianism fools the people, and Confucianism is the black pot for the foolish people of Legalism.

That is, from Dong Zhongshu in order to please the Han Dynasty, catering to its use, adding the "Three Platforms and Five Constants" to his rule tampered with Confucianism, the content of Confucianism in the Confucian and Mencian eras was constantly modified or misinterpreted by the kings of various dynasties, and when the Supreme Emperor, when the Emperor Gao saw "Mencius", when he saw the people-oriented thought, he was furious and angrily ordered to delete from the book about more than 30% of the content equivalent to the whole book of "Mencius", this kind of deletion is indeed Confucianism step by step reduced to the ruler's ruling tool, And through the imperial examination system, it was passed on to more intellectuals "servility", which became one of the ways to fool the people,"

"Your Majesty......"

If it was said that he was surprised before, then when he heard the King of Han mention Emperor Gao's deletion of "Mencius", Guo Songtao was even more startled, and just when he wanted to defend Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Yifeng stretched out his hand to interrupt him and said.

"Yunxian, Emperor Gao deleted 85 articles in the original text of non-Mencius that year, and there will be more than 100 articles left, and compiled a book of "Mencius Verses", although it is specifically stipulated that the imperial examination shall not be based on the deleted article proposition. However, it did not forcibly delete the "Mencius" of the world, but only stipulated that articles other than the "Verses" would not be examined, so that the Ming regime would never fall. This is understandable...... However, he did not expect that China was ruined by his act of deleting books! ”

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Today is the Chinese New Year's Eve, I wish all book lovers can receive a big red envelope today, and in the new year, everything will go smoothly and everything will be as good as possible! It's rare to have a Spring Festival a year, these days, it's hard to do more speechlessly, I hope you understand, one is the body, as for the two, you also know that the Spring Festival holiday is busier than no holiday, and it can continue to change, and it has been desperate. Ask for a ticket with a cheeky face!