The Nanjing Provisional Government was proclaimed, modeled after the US government system, without a prime minister, and divided into nine ministries. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 info

Sun Wen, as the provisional president, quickly came up with a list of the composition of the provisional government. Interestingly, in the published list, only the Army, Foreign Affairs, and Education were members of the League, while the rest of the ministers were constitutionalists. The deputy chief is different, all of them are members of the League.

However, although the government was proclaimed, Zhang Jian, chief of the Ministry of Industry, and Tang Shouqian, chief of the Ministry of Communications, were both in Shanghai, while Cheng Dequan, chief of the Ministry of the Interior, claimed to be bedridden in his residence in the concession. The remaining Minister of Finance, Chen Jintao, and Minister of Justice Wu Tingfang, were also stranded in Shanghai for various reasons. As a result, in the Provisional Government, it was the revolutionaries who held power in fact everywhere.

However, such an outcome was also something that the revolutionaries of the League would like to see, after all, they did not want to share the fruits of their revolution with outsiders such as the constitutionalists. For a time, the League and other revolutionaries were full of confidence and were ready to do a big job.

After taking office as president, Sun Wen was undoubtedly in a happy mood, and at this moment, he finally felt that he now had a stage to display his full stomach. But soon, before he could show his talent, the cruel reality gave him a blow to the head.

On the first day of Sun Wen's official inauguration, his butt had not yet been hot when he came to the office, and the official documents collected in the surrounding area of Nanjing to ask for more than 100,000 revolutionary soldiers to ask for salaries flew into his office like snowflakes.

To say that these revolutionary armies are really miserable, when they first broke through Nanjing, the silver taels in the city's treasury were taken away by Zhang Xun when he withdrew, and they didn't even leave any silver slag. Seeing that it has been two months since the revolution, and he and others have not received their salaries for two months, the recovering salaries promised to himself and others have not been fulfilled until now. When the provisional government was not established, it was okay, although these people complained all day long, but they didn't know who to go to, although life was tight, but they could barely eat. However, now that the Provisional Government had been formed, the revolutionary armies, who had been hungry and cold for a long time, immediately came to the door.

Sun Yat-sen, who sorted out the causes and consequences, was also generous, and with a stroke of the pen, he ordered the Ministry of Finance to allocate 200,000 oceans for military salaries and emergency relief. According to the general plot development, things should have been solved if they went on like this. However, there was no here, and when Hu Hanmin, secretary general of the Presidential Office, went to the Ministry of Finance to withdraw money with the president's instructions, he found that there were only ten silver dollars in the treasury.

Faced with such a result, Hu Hanmin was stupid, and Sun Yat-sen was even more stupid.

Since his return to China, although he has also agreed to continue peace talks between the north and the south, so as to recover the whole country without bloodshed and achieve the goal of democracy and republic. But then, as the peace talks continued and the provisional government was formed, he was increasingly inclined to go straight to Beijing and solve the problem with war. The right thing is really a good thing, as long as you hold it in your hand, no one wants to hand it over anymore.

You must know that fighting a war is fighting for money, although he Sun Yat-sen is usually full of empty words, but he still understands this truth. With the current financial situation of the Provisional Government, it was difficult to even feed the revolutionary army around Nanjing, let alone the Northern Expedition. Since the war cannot be fought, then peace negotiation is the most realistic choice. But will he be willing? Apparently not.

The Wuchang uprising was a sudden victory, and within a few dozen days, the revolutionaries rose up one after another and quickly took control of half of the southern part of the country. However, this sudden victory caused a temporary chaos in the domestic situation. After the outbreak of the revolution, the country was impoverished and the people were poor, the stocks in various places were empty, the provinces of the Liberation Province withheld taxes one after another, and the great powers quickly controlled the customs taxes, which made the revolutionaries, who had no financial resources, encounter a very difficult problem to solve. As a matter of fact, the reason why constitutionalist members Zhang Jian, Cheng Dequan, and others stayed in Shanghai and refused to rush to take up the post of chief financial officer of the provisional government was that the Nanjing Provisional Government had no money and could not last much longer. The deficit of the whole country has reached 80 million yuan, and even if the relevant taxes, salt taxes, and the revenues of the state-run railways are supplemented, they will still not be able to make ends meet. Who doesn't want to be an official? But in a short-lived government, there are really few people who are willing to be officials like a family.

For all these reasons, in the final analysis, the new government is faced with an empty treasury. The financial difficulties pushed the Qing court into the abyss from which it could never recover, and also pushed the newly established provisional government into a situation that was not embarrassing or embarrassing. It was at this time that Sun Yat-sen finally knew that only the "revolutionary spirit" was really impossible, and it was impossible to fight a war or build a country.

In the next few days, in addition to holding a few drinking parties and delivering a few political speeches when he first took office, Sun Wen was stunned by the official documents asking for money from various departments.

Faced with a lack of funds, the Nanjing Provisional Government was constantly faced with the collapse of the government and the disbandment of the army. Sun Yat-sen, who could no longer sit still, had to rack his brains and try his best to find a way for the provisional government's finances. On this day, because of financial problems, he specially summoned the chiefs and vice-ministers of various ministries to discuss and solve the problem. After all, there is a good saying, brainstorm and work together.

At this time, the general and deputy ministers have long lost the vigor they had just taken office, and their faces were covered with gloomy clouds, like frosted eggplants.

"President, see if you can get the recovered provinces to send some money to Nanjing." This was said by Hu Hanmin, but he really underestimated the mind of the governors of various provinces, and not everyone was willing to give up the high position of the governor of a province without hesitation like him.

"I think what Zhantang said makes some sense, after all, the provinces have been recovered for more than two months, and the political situation must have been sorted out at this time."

"Well, I think this is okay, as the central government, the provinces should send the money to the central government, and then the central government will allocate and use it in a unified manner." Song Jiaoren looked quite excited, and spoke loudly in agreement.

"We can also borrow from European and American countries."

"Yes, yes, yes, we can also issue public bonds and ask the people of the whole country and overseas Chinese to subscribe to them."

The more they talked, the more excited they became, and finally, after the suggestions and suggestions of several people, everyone unanimously decided to adopt three solutions, namely, borrowing from abroad, issuing public bonds, and demanding the deportation of funds from all provinces. But what they don't know is that in this world, some things are not what they want to do.

First of all, let's talk about letting the provinces escort money to support Nanjing. After the Nanjing Provisional Government sent another telegram to the provinces, it soon received a reply from the governors of the provinces.

Looking at Sun Yat-sen, who was holding the telegram in his hand, he was about to vomit blood in anger. These people, either mean it, send tens of thousands; or simply ignore it, as if you had not received the telegram at all; There are even telegrams sent to Nanjing from time to time, asking for government funding.

Seeing that the provinces could not count on Sun Yat-sen, he could only put his hope on borrowing from the foreign powers. But is it really that easy to borrow? The premise of borrowing money was that the great powers had to admit it, but until now, the great powers had not had the slightest intention of recognizing the Nanjing Provisional Government.

Obviously, the top echelons of the revolutionary party of the Nanjing Provisional Government really overestimated themselves. The Western countries did not trust the Nanjing Provisional Government at all, and the four-nation banking group was also prepared for Yuan Shikai, but Japan, which was more willing to borrow, could not reach an agreement for a while due to various reasons, and could not get the money for a long time.

In this way, the provinces will not be able to rely on it, and they will not be able to get foreign money, so they will have to rely on domestic debts. As a result, Provisional President Sun Yat-sen waved his pen and said that he would issue 100 million yuan of public bonds, but it has been nearly 10 days since he said that he has only sold 1 million yuan. These are still subscribed by overseas Chinese who have long been looking forward to the republic and the country's prosperity and strength, and as for the people in China, the poor have no money to buy them, and the rich are indifferent.

Tossing and turning, the financial problems of the Nanjing Provisional Government have indeed not been resolved for a long time. In this way, the provisional government, which was mired in internal and external troubles, could only maintain it with difficulty.

Although the ideas of the revolutionaries were good, the facts always developed beyond their expectations. Although the Nanjing Provisional Government was formed, the subsequent development of the situation did not begin to develop on the positive side as expected by the top management of the League.