【Tao Qian's Comment】

Before Tao Qian became the assassin of Xuzhou, he had already done the history of Youzhou assassination, and he also participated in the suppression of Beigong Boyu and others.

Tao Qian had two sons, Tao Shang and Tao Ying, but neither of them came out, and in ancient times, this situation could only be due to Tao Qian's own prevention, Tao Qian, as a veteran official in the late Han Dynasty, should have a very good understanding of the situation in the Han Dynasty at that time, and probably did not let his son go to the flood out of worry.

Because of this, Liu Bei was later able to inherit Tao Qian's position.

In history, Tao Qian pacified the Yellow Turban to protect one side, implemented Tuntian to enrich Xuzhou, and organized coalition forces to be loyal to the Han Dynasty.

But the evaluation he got was not high at all, the evaluation of "Three Kingdoms" and "Book of the Later Han" is basically the same, they are all personal villains, rejecting goodness, and eventually causing Xuzhou to become chaotic, and Chen Shou's general comment to Tao Qian is even more "stupid".

This aspect is also supported by a number of historical materials.

The first is that after Tao Qian became the pastor of Xuzhou, he began to reject upright people such as Zhao Yu, and instead reused Cao Hong and other slanderous villains. This is recorded in the Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms and the Book of the Later Han Dynasty.

The second is Xu Shao's evaluation of it. And who is Xu Shao? is the one who rated Cao Cao as "the traitor of Qingping, the hero of troubled times". Xu Shao fled to Xuzhou in history, and was treated politely by Tao Qian, which was very thoughtful. But Xu Shao felt uneasy and told his protégé: "Tao Gongzu (Tao Qianzi Gongzu) is just a good name on the surface, but it is not true in his heart. Although he is very good to me, this situation will not last long, so it is better to go. So he went to Qu'a to take refuge in Yangzhou to assassinate Liu Xuan. Later, Tao Qian did capture the guests who lived with him (probably to arrest Lu Fan).

The third is Zhang Zhao's matter. Historically, Tao Qian once admired Zhang Zhao very much and praised him as Maocai, but Zhang Zhao refused. Tao Qian thought that Zhang Zhao was despising him, so he imprisoned Zhang Zhao, and was later released after his friend Zhao Yu rescued Zhang Zhao. But after Tao Qian died of illness, Zhang Zhao wrote a eulogy for him and respected him a lot.

The fourth is that Tao Qian has been used by many wealthy businessmen and wealthy families in history, such as Xuzhou's wealthy Elk Zhu (also known as Mi Zhu) was appointed by Tao Qian as a different driver, but Tao Qian, who was exiled in history, also ignored his previous suspicions and trusted him very much.

But these are not the main reasons why Tao Qian was given a bad review by Chen Shou and Fan Ye (the editor of the Book of the Later Han), Tao Qian's low historical evaluation is inseparable from Cao Song's affairs.

After all, in the "Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms" and the "Book of the Later Han Dynasty", it is basically determined that Tao Qian is the murderer who killed Cao Song, and eventually led to the catastrophe of Xuzhou, and the specific text has been described in detail before, so I won't talk about it.

But whether Cao Song was killed by Tao Qian is undoubtedly the most important watershed in Tao Qian's historical evaluation.

【Tao Qian in History】

Name: Tao Qian

Attributes: Leadership (B) Tao Qian is not a good lord, but he is qualified as a state pastor of the Great Han

Politics (B+) Tao Qian has governed Youzhou and Xuzhou successively, and has many political achievements

Commander (B-) participated in the suppression of the rebellion with the Northwest and also pacified the Yellow Turban in Xuzhou, but later he was not Cao Cao's opponent at all

General Evaluation(A) Tao Qian was not a simple figure in history, but one of the few powerful princes in the late Han Dynasty.

Alias (title): Gongzu

Gender: Male

Ethnicity: Han

Occupation: Princes, Commanders

Official position: General Anton, Xuzhou Mu

Knight: Marquis of Liyang

Born and died: 132---194

Place of birth: Danyang County, Danyang County (now northeast of Dangtu, Anhui)

Main social relations: Son (potter, Tao Ying)

Major Experiences:

From 132 to 188, he was admitted to Zhusheng, served as an official in the state and county, and was later promoted to Maocai, worshiped Shang Shulang, and successively served as the commander of Shu County and the commander of Lu County. Later, he moved to Youzhou and was worshiped as a speaker. Later, he participated in the suppression of the rebellion with Huangpu Song and Zhang Wen in the northwest

From 188 to 193, he ran Xuzhou and organized the anti-Li coalition army

From 193 to 194, Cao Song was killed by the people of Xuzhou, which made his son Cao Cao invade Xuzhou in a big way, and Tao Qian finally died because he was too sad, and entrusted Xuzhou to Liu Bei before his death

Summary: "Book of Wu" said: "Humility and uprightness, there are big festivals", Chen Shou said: "Tao Qian is faint and sad to death", Fan Ye said: "Xu Fang is consumed, and real humility is the stalk". Why exactly, I want to ask how Cao Song died?

【Xuzhou New Owner】

After Tao Qian's death, with the support of Lu Zhu, Chen Deng, Kong Rong and others, Liu Bei became the lord of Xuzhou of the new generation, that is, the second master of Xuzhou at the end of the first century, when Liu Bei's base camp in Xuzhou was Xiapi.

Xuzhou is also the first piece of territory that the emperor got in the real sense of his own in history, and since then, Liu Bei has also been recognized as one of the heroes in the late Han Dynasty and officially joined the competition for hegemony.

The first major event Liu Bei faced after entering Xuzhou was Lu Bu's investment.

At that time, when Cao Cao had beaten Xuzhou to the end, it was Lu Bu who attacked Yanzhou and forced Cao Cao to retreat, it can be said that Lu Bu was a great favor to Xuzhou and Liu Bei, and at this time Lu Bu was defeated by Cao Cao and was in trouble, so morally speaking, helping Lu Bu was Liu Bei's due move.

Liu Bei did the same, and Liu Bei went to see him soon after Lu Bu came.

After Lu Bu saw Liu Bei, he respected him very much and said to Liu Bei: "Your Excellency and I are both from the border of Northern Xinjiang. At that time, I saw the Kwantung Army raise troops and wanted to kill Dong Zhuo. But I killed Dong Zhuodong, but none of the Kwantung generals accepted me, and they all wanted to kill me. And asked Liu Bei to sit on the bed in the tent, and ordered his wife and concubine to salute Liu Bei, drink wine and drink, and call Liu Bei a virtuous brother. Liu Bei saw that Lu Bu's language was impermanent, and he also called himself his younger brother, there was nothing on the surface, but he was unhappy in his heart.

But Liu Bei still took Lu Bu in and arranged for him to be in Xuzhou.

In the first year of Jian'an (196), after Cao Cao was the son of heaven and moved to Xuchang, Liu Bei was the general of Zhendong and was named the Marquis of Yicheng Pavilion.

After Tao Qian's death, many people thought that this was a good opportunity to get Xuzhou, and at that time, in addition to Cao Cao, who did not act in the end, Yuan Shu also had this idea, and quickly put it into action.

In the same year, Yuan Shu led an army to attack Xuzhou, and held on to Xuyi and Huaiyin with Liu Bei. After a month, the two sides won and lost each other. Yuan Shu saw that he could not attack for a long time, so he secretly contacted Lü Bu and promised him 200,000 Hu rice to induce him to attack Xiapi and seize Xuzhou.

"I sent troops to the capital, but I failed to kill Dong Zhuo and dismember him. The general killed Dong Zhuo and avenged Yuan Shu, which was the first credit. In the past, Jin Yuanxiu (i.e., Jin Shang) went south to Fengqiu, was defeated by Cao Cao, and the general crusaded against Cao Cao, so that my eyes were bright, and I could see clearly from far and near, which was the second credit. Since Yuan Shu was born, he has never heard of Liu Bei in the world, and Liu Bei actually sent troops to fight me. With the general's divine might, he was able to defeat Liu Bei, which is the third credit. The general has three major credits to Yuan Shu, although Yuan Shu has no talent, he is willing to serve you until death. The general has been fighting for many years, suffering from insufficient military rations, and now he has sent 200,000 hus of rice. It doesn't end there, food will continue to be delivered. Adopt it or not. ”

Lü Bu was overjoyed after receiving the letter, so he attacked Xiapi, defeated Zhang Fei, and captured Xuzhou.

In this way, Lu Bu became the third master of Xuzhou.