However, when the sound of Zheng Wei was used as a synonym for emerging music and was commonly used after the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius used the name "Zheng Sheng" to refer to the emerging music of the time. He said: It is necessary to follow the calendar method of the Xia Dynasty, use the laws of the Yin Dynasty, believe in the etiquette system of the Zhou Dynasty, and play Shao music when the music is played; Don't listen to Zheng Guo's music, stay away from treacherous villains; If no one listens to the evil Zheng Le anymore, then the treacherous villain will naturally disappear. Confucius hated the substitution of purple for red, and hated Zheng Sheng disturbing the status of Yale in the minds of the people. The reason why Zheng Weizhi's voice is so popular is inseparable from the activity of Zheng Guo's merchants, the prosperity of the commercial economy, and the development of urban culture.

In the Spring and Autumn Period, the development of agriculture and handicrafts promoted the prosperity of commerce, and from the beginning of the founding of the country, the Qi State with a tradition of doing business was established, and the commercial exchanges between Jin and Chu countries were also very frequent. However, among all the merchants of the vassal states, the merchants of Zheng had a social status that could not be compared with other countries. There is a story about the ruler of Zheng State, Zichan, and Han Xuanzi, the secretary of Jin, in the "Zuo Biography":

Han Xuanzi had a jade ring, and the other was in the hands of Zheng Guo's merchants, and Han Xuanzi asked Zheng Dinggong to get the jade ring. At that time, Dr. Ren Qing's son disagreed, saying: This is not an artifact kept in the treasury of the public government, and the monarch cannot do it. Later, Han Xuanzi bought the jade ring from the merchant, and after the deal, the merchant said: Please be sure to report this matter to the monarch and the secretary! Han Xuanzi didn't understand at this time, and asked Zichan: Some time ago, I asked for that jade ring, and you think that it is not moral, so I didn't dare to ask again; Now I have bought it from the merchant, and the merchant says that he must report it to you, why is that?

After hearing this, Zichan replied with a smile: In the past, our ancestor Zheng Huan Gong and the merchants all moved from the Zhou Dynasty, and worked together to clean up this land, cut down weeds and trees, and lived here together. We have a covenant for generations to trust one another. The oath reads: "Thou shalt not betray me, nor will I force your things, nor shall I pray, nor plunder; You have lucrative deals and valuable goods, and I don't bother with them. "It is with this covenant of credibility that we have been able to support each other to this day. Now that you have come to our country with friendly friendship, and want us to take the things of the merchants, you are betraying our oath, and this is absolutely unacceptable!

Zheng Guo's office and merchants used oaths to support each other, and the status and power of Zheng Guo's merchants can be imagined. The "Zuo Biography" records three incidents about merchants, all of which originated from Zheng Guo, and Zheng Guo's merchants negotiated with the Qin army in the name of Zheng Guojun, causing the Qin army to withdraw from the army, which more intensively reflects the pivotal role played by Zheng Guo's merchants in social life.

The merchants of Zheng originally came from the Zhou Dynasty, and the ancestors of these merchants from the Zhou Dynasty were the remnants of the Yin Shang who were relocated to the Zhou Dynasty in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is recorded in the "Book of Shang": Yin people, you should concentrate on living in the country, use your hands and siblings, concentrate on planting corn, and serve your fathers and brothers diligently; When you have finished farming, you can lead cattle and horses, go to other places to engage in trade, and be filial to your parents. When your parents are happy, you can have a good meal and drink.

It can be seen that trading is a social activity that the remnants of the Yin Dynasty were licensed to engage in after the Zhou people conquered the merchants, and in the case of the loss of land, business became the main means of livelihood for the remnants of the Yin Dynasty, so "merchants" have also become synonymous with businessmen.

Although the merchants who lost their land and political rights had a low status, as a special social group, they were still able to inherit the tradition of emphasizing vocal music in the Yin Shang culture and maintain their relative independence in cultural attributes. This should be an important reason why Zheng Guo, which has a special status as a businessman, has a relatively developed vocal culture!

In addition to the above-mentioned influences due to the inheritance of culture, the development of Zhengguo's vocal music culture is also inextricably linked to the prosperity of Zhengguo's commerce. We know that the degree of development of the commodity economy itself is a measure of cultural prosperity, and the economic center of a country is often the cultural center of the country at the same time. The history of the development of human society shows that the prosperity of culture is often most intuitively manifested in people's preference and pursuit of material life such as sound dogs, sex horses, etc., and the prosperity of new sound music is often the most intuitive manifestation of the prosperity of a city or region's economy. Jinling during the Northern and Southern Dynasties and Yangzhou during the Sui and Tang dynasties all provided models in this regard.

Therefore, when Jeong's merchants and politicians were politically secured, it was certainly an indisputable thing that Jeong's commercial economy would prosper. As a condition and result of free trade, various types of "cities" also provide opportunities and places for people to interact freely. For example, the east gate that appears in "Zheng Feng" is the main gate of Dongguo County, where citizens and handicraft workshops gather. The development of commerce and trade and the strong cultural color of the Shang Dynasty inherent in Zhengdi jointly promoted the development of Zhengguo's music culture, and Zhengdi's emerging music became the most developed among the vassal states. Zheng Guo was more open when it came to gatherings for men and women, and the music played at similar parties was more lewd. The development of vocal music culture not only provided conditions for the large-scale collection of Zheng Feng's works, but also made Zheng Sheng able to refer to those so-called new vocal music.

"Men and women often get together, and the sound and color are at the same time" is not only the reason for Zheng Sheng's prosperity, but also the basic style of the content of Zheng Feng's works. There are 21 poems in "Zheng Feng", except for a few poems such as "Tie Yi", "Qing Ren" and "Lamb Qiu", most of them are love singing between men and women. As the eternal theme of literature, love will not become different because of different eras, and that kind of pure and true love will always be what we yearn for and praise.

The 21 poems in "Zheng Feng" are "Tie Yi", "Jiang Zhongzi", "Shu Yu Tian", "Uncle Yu Tian", "Qing Ren", "Lamb Qiu", "Zunda Road", "Female Chicken Song", "There is a Lesbian Car", "The Mountain Has Fusu", "Zhu Xi", "Cunning Boy", "Clothes", "Feng", "The Pier of the East Gate", "Wind and Rain", "Zijin", "Yang Zhishui", "Out of the East Gate", "Wild Vines" and "Qinwei". Let's take a look at these poems!

"Tie Clothes": Small details, deep love

The silk cloth is a court dress made of black cloth in ancient times. A considerate wife was helping her husband take care of the court clothes, and when she praised the fit of the court clothes, she found that the court clothes on her husband's body were torn. She didn't seem to be flustered, but told her husband again and again that when she came back from the official office, she would try on the new clothes she had just made. Although this is a small picture of the life of the husband and wife, it can reflect the deep love of the wife for her husband.

How suitable is the black court dress, if it is broken, I will make another one for you. Go to the government office, and when you come back, I will put on new clothes for you.

How beautiful the black court dress is, it's broken, I'll make another set for you. You go to the government office, and when you come back, I will try on a new robe for you.

How wide the black court dress is, it's torn, I'll make another one for you. Go to the government office, and when you come back, I will give you new clothes to wear.

"Jiang Zhongzi": Honey, you can't be so reckless

The interaction between men and women in the pre-Qin period probably went through a process of change from relatively relaxed precautions to gradually stricter ones. In the early days of the Zhou Dynasty, young men and women still had a certain degree of freedom of choice in love and marriage. By the time of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the precautions against free love between men and women were much stricter. If men and women are too free in love, they will be condemned by their parents and brothers, and even by public opinion. Under the pressure of such public opinion, it is also very normal for men and women in love, especially women, to have fear and ambivalence.

There was a couple of young men and women in love who were about to meet in private, the man's name was Zhongzi, he was probably a little anxious, and even proposed to cross the wall to meet in the garden. This frightened the woman, and if she did so, she would be rebuked and scolded by her parents and neighbors. She thought to herself: If my sweetheart is so reckless, how can I go out to meet people in the future! So she hurriedly called out to Zhongzi not to climb over the door of her house, this call was gentle, with a lot of affection, but this call was resolute and non-negotiable. The woman's face was pale at this time because of panic, and Nakako was extremely disappointed because of the rejection.

Of course, the woman could feel Zhongzi's loss, and she hurriedly explained: I'm not afraid that you will break the wolfberry tree, but I'm afraid that my parents will know about it. I can't let you climb over the wall, I'm really forced to do it! I think about you every day, you are so reckless, my parents and brothers will definitely scold me, and the neighbors will definitely say that I am cheap!

It can be seen how strict and terrifying the net of rituals and laws has become at this time:

Please, my son, don't climb over the door of my house, and don't break the wolfberry tree I planted. I am reluctant to be afraid of my parents. Zhongzi, you really worry me, but my parents' words also make me afraid.

Please, my son, don't climb over the walls of my house, and don't break the green mulberry I planted. I am reluctant to bear the mulberry tree, I am afraid of my brother. Zhongzi, you really worry me, but my brother's words also make me afraid.

Please, my son, don't go over my garden, don't break the green sandalwood I planted. I am reluctant to give up the sandalwood tree, I am afraid of the slander of my neighbors. Zhongzi, you really worry me, but the slander of your neighbors also makes me afraid.