Chapter 093: Thirty Years
"Thirty years" was a rather sensitive number during the Three Kingdoms period at the end of the Han Dynasty. Not only the period of the end of the Han Dynasty was basically about 30 years (189-220), from the death of Cao Cao to the coup d'état of Gaopingling (220-249), from the death of Liu Bei to the assassination of Fei Yi (223-253), from the death of Zhuge Liang to the fall of Shu Han (234-264), from the death of Cao Rui to the Wei of the Jin Dynasty (239-266), and from the death of Sun Quan to the fall of Sun Wu (252-280), there were basically about 30 years apart.
It can be seen that the three kingdoms of Wei, Shu and Wu have a great impact on the country after the death of the lord or the real controller of a country, so how much responsibility do these people in power need to bear for the decline or demise of their country in the future?
【Cao Cao to Gaopingling】
In history, Cao Cao did not establish the Wei Dynasty, but he was the actual founder, his son Cao Pi was completely based on Cao Cao to change the dynasty, Wei was seized by the Sima family in the thirty years after Cao ** because of the Gaopingling coup, after which Cao Wei was not there, and the Sima family controlled the actual power of Wei, and the country became Sima Wei.
How much does Cao Wei's demise have to do with Cao Cao? This can't be said to be none. Compared with other monarchs, Cao Cao is quite murderous, and the massacres and large-scale people's tuns he directly caused are not very friendly to the people, but I personally think that the fall of Cao Wei and Cao Cao's kinship policy is still relatively large, and it can be seen from the history of Cao Wei that the decline of the Cao clan is actually the decline of the Cao family.
Compared with other princes, the Cao clan has relied too much on kinship since Cao Cao.
In the first generation of Cao Wei, there are many talents, including Cao Cao as the leader, supplemented by Cao Ren, Cao Hong, Xiahou Yuan, Xiahou Yuan and others, this period of military power is basically in the hands of Cao's control, Cao Cao basically directly led the troops, the Central Army Xiahou Tang is the highest former general among the four generals, the local Cao Ren is the general of Zhengnan, Xiahou Yuan is the general of Zhengxi, and only Zhang Liao was appointed as the general of Zhengdong because of the great destruction of Sun Quan. In the second generation of Cao Pi period, when he went south to conquer Sun Quan on three routes, he also made Cao Ren, Cao Xiu, and Cao Zhen as the commanders, and there were Xiahou Shang and others among the second-generation generals.
But from the beginning of the Cao Rui period, the Cao family withered very much, even Cao Xiu and Cao Zhen died one after another, Cao Rui had to start to reuse foreign surname generals, such as Sima Yi, Man Chong and others, before Cao Rui died, he decided to let Cao Shuang and Sima Yi assist the government, it can be clearly seen that the Cao family has no one after three generations, and as a result, Cao Shuang was removed by Sima Yi's coup, and the country became Sima's family.
【Liu Bei to Fei Yi】
From Liu Bei's death to Fei Yi's death, I personally think it is back to the original point. When Liu Bei entrusted Shu Han to Zhuge Liang, the situation in the country can be said to be quite bad, and the external relationship with Sun Wu was only initially eased, but after Liu Bei's death, the situation was still uncertain, and the threat of the old enemy Cao Wei was still unabated. Internal talents withered, the luxury lineup of the four generals Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Ma Chao and Huang Zhong was still there, and there was a large-scale rebellion in nearly half of the territory in the south, Cao Wei didn't take Shu Han very seriously at that time, and even thought that a few letters of persuasion could make Zhuge Liang surrender, and what Liu Bei left Zhuge Liang was a complete mess.
The thirty years from Liu Bei's death to Fei Yi's death are actually the thirty years that belong to Zhuge Liang, and in these thirty years, Shu Han was successively ruled by Zhuge Liang and his two successors, Jiang Wan and Fei Yi.
[Zhuge Liang to Shu annihilation]
Thirty years after Zhuge Liang's death, Shu Han was destroyed by Deng Ai, Zhong Hui and others, how much responsibility does Zhuge Liang himself need to bear? To be honest, it's not big, except for the Northern Expedition policy, the demise of Shu Han basically has nothing to do with Zhuge Liang.
Jiang Wei's large-scale Northern Expedition is one of the important reasons for the demise of Shu Han in the future, there is nothing to say, although the Northern Expedition is a continuation of Zhuge Liang's policy, but Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition and Jiang Wei's Northern Expedition are not the same concept at all, after Jiang Wei obtained military power, the scale of the Northern Expedition was not smaller than Zhuge Liang, but in addition to winning twice at the beginning, and then the more he fought, the weaker he became, and was abused by Deng Ai, and Zhuge Liang was getting stronger and stronger, even if he lost the worst of the first Northern Expedition, he was defeated in three battles, and after the war, some people persuaded Zhuge Liang to come again the next year, It can be seen that Zhuge Liang's main force is not damaged, but what about Jiang Wei? The more you beat him, the more people opposed him.
Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition policy was continued by his successors Jiang Wan and Fei Yi, and there were no major problems, until Fei Yi was assassinated and Jiang Wei took military power, and it was not appropriate to throw the pot of the Northern Expedition to Zhuge Liang.
【Cao Rui to Wei Annihilation】
Among the listed people, only Cao Rui actually needs to bear direct responsibility for Cao Wei's demise, because the real growth of the Sima family is directly related to Cao Rui.
In the Cao Pi period, although Sima Yi has been reused, and sat on one side, but did not really lead the troops to fight, and Chen Qun is the same as the surface of the general, Cao Rui succeeded to the throne is the beginning of Sima Yi's real leadership of the army, after Cao Xiu and Cao Zhen died, Cao Rui also had a little too much trust in Sima Yi, for example, when he fought against Zhuge Liang, he gave up Zhang He on the Western Front and transferred Sima Yi to the Western Front, and when he attacked Liaodong, he also sent Sima Yi to attack to ensure that nothing went wrong, but the result made Sima Yi play a prestigious name.
When Cao Rui decided on the candidate for the auxiliary minister, he let the young fresh Cao Shuang and the scheming Sima Yi jointly assist the young young emperor Cao Fang, but Cao Shuang began to swell after he got power, and there was no subordination, Sima Yi solved Cao Shuang's foundation Cao Wei's foundation Cao clan cleaned up together, and Wei was so powerful that it was changed in the future, Cao Rui can be said to be Cao Wei's sinner.
[Sun Quan to Wu Annihilation]
The relationship between Sun Quan and Sun Wu's demise is basically the same as Liu Bei's situation, in fact, before Sun Quan's death, Sun Wu was already very seriously tossed by him, but Sun Wu really perished later, but the relationship with Sun Quan was diluted.
Sun Quan's performance in the later period of his reign was quite bad, he first lost face in Liaodong, and then connived at the rivalry between the two palaces, which led to internal friction in the country, fratricidal brothers, and ministers turned against each other, and finally after the coup d'état in Gaopingling, he still chose the younger son to succeed to the throne when he had the eldest son, completely ignoring the consequences of Cao Fang's succession to the throne of Wei State, and knew that Zhuge Ke was not suitable as an auxiliary minister but still let Zhuge Ke come to power.
The result of Sun Quan's doing this was that after his death, the state of Wu was in constant internal turmoil for several years, first Sun Jun killed Zhuge Ke, and then Sun Qi killed the important ministers Teng Yin and Lü Ju, and abolished the monarch, until Sun Xiu succeeded to the throne and removed Sun Qi, Sun Wu's situation stabilized. If it weren't for the fact that Wei Guo also shrank back because of the internal struggle at that time, Wu Guodu might have finished playing like this.
Later, the demise of Wu was directly the responsibility of the tyrant Sun Hao, but Sun Hao's cruelty was not unrelated to what happened to his family back then, this cause was planted by Sun Quan, and the dispute between the two palaces that year tore apart the family relationship of the Sun family, and since then there has basically no family affection within the Sun family, only power.