In the first year of Huanglong (229), Sun Quan officially ascended the throne as emperor, and the founding name was Wu, and the Sun-Wu Dynasty was formally established. Pen "Fun" Pavilion www.biquge.info but in fact, as early as the second year of Huangwu (223), Sun Quan had the opportunity to be emperor, but in the end he refused.

【Emperor Nengdi】

In April of the second year of Huangwu (223), the ministers of Jiangdong advised Sun Quan, but Sun Quan did not agree.

According to the record of "Jiangbiao Biography", the right resignation said: "The Han family is replaced, and it can't be saved, so why do you want to compete?" "The ministers called the Mandate of Heaven Fu Rui, and they were pleased. The right is not allowed, but the general said: "In previous years, the direction of Xuande was lonely to the west, so Lu Xun was ordered to choose the public to wait for him." Wenbei part, want to help the lonely, the lonely suspect that it is coerced, if not worshipped, is humiliated and fun its quick hair, bento and the west, two enemies, in the lonely drama, so self-restraint press, on its king. The interest of humiliation, the monarchs seem to be unfinished, so now they use this to solve their ears. ”

It can be seen from the record of "Jiangbiao Biography" that the reason why Sun Quan was reluctant to be the emperor at that time was mainly because he was afraid of further stimulating Cao Wei and Shu Han, after all, although Jiangdong repelled Liu Bei and Cao Pi's large-scale attacks at that time, it also had a lot of losses, and Sun Quan said that the emperor was very likely to give the two sides an excuse, and if the two sides went to war, it would be very unfavorable for Sun Quan.

However, in fact, after a series of blows such as the Battle of Xiangfan, the Change of Shangyong and the Battle of Yiling, Shu Han could not pose a threat to Sun Quan in the short term, and Liu Bei was about to die at that time, and Shu Han had a lot of internal and external troubles, and Zhuge Liang and others could not choose to start a war with Sun Quan at this time. As for Cao Pi, whether Sun Quan is the emperor or not, he will attack in a big way, after all, Sun Quan betrayed him, and this hatred is not so easy to eliminate.

In the second year of Huangwu (223), the Sun-Wu group had successively defeated the large-scale invasion of Liu Bei and Cao Pi, and also captured Jingzhou.

[Officially called the emperor]

In the spring of the first year of Huanglong (229), all the officials of the Eastern Wu Dynasty persuaded Sun Quan to officially proclaim himself emperor. In summer and April, Xiakou and Wuchang were rumored to have auspicious Rui such as Huanglong and Phoenix. On the thirteenth, Sun Quan officially ascended the throne as the emperor in the southern suburbs, and on the same day, he was amnesty, changed the name of the year to Huanglong, and posthumously told his father Sun Jian, the general Sun Jian, as the Emperor Wulie, his mother Wu as the Empress Wulie, and his brother rebellious general Sun Ce as the King of Changsha Huan. Sun Deng, the crown prince of Wu, was appointed as the crown prince. The officers and officials were promoted to knights and rewarded.

After Sun Quan became emperor, he was a hundred officials at the conference, and he was attributed to Zhou Yu. According to the record of "Jiangbiao Biography": The right is to respect the position, please meet hundreds of officials, and attribute it to Zhou Yu. Zhao Juwat wanted to praise the merits, but before he could speak, Quan said: "If Zhang Gong's plan is now, he has begged for food." "Zhao Da is ashamed, sweating on the ground. Zhao Zhong is bright and straight, there is a minister's festival, and the right is respected, but those who are not clear will be refuted by Zhou Yu and Lu Su in the past.

In this way, Sun Quan officially ascended the throne as emperor in Wuchang, the founding name was Wu, and the Sun-Wu Dynasty was officially established. At the beginning, during the Xingping period of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, Wu Zhong said in a nursery rhyme: "The golden car, Ban Lan'er, the Changmen, out of the Son of Heaven." ”

In the autumn and September of the same year, Sun Quan moved the capital to Jianye, lived in the original mansion, no longer built a new palace, and recruited the general Lu Xun to assist the crown prince Sun Deng, in charge of the affairs of Wuchang after the capital was moved.

At that time, Sun Quan appointed Zhuge Ke as the prince's left assistant, Zhang Xiu as the right Bi, Gu Tan as the auxiliary Zheng, Chen Biao as the commander of Yizheng, and Xie Jing, Fan Shen, Yang and so on as guests, so the East Palace is known as a lot of talents.

The crown prince Sun Deng asked Hu Zongzuo to write "Guest Friends" and said: "Outstanding talents, outstanding, Zhuge Ke; Knowing the current situation and having profound insights, it is Gu Tan; Eloquent and clear-minded, words can explain doubts, it is Xie Jing; The knowledge is profound, which can be equivalent to Ziyou and Zixia, and is Fan Shen. Yang Wei privately retorted to Hu Zong: "Zhuge Ke is big but sloppy, Gu Tan is shrewd but cruel, Xie Jing is good at arguing but superficial, and Fan Shen is deep but narrow. Yang Wei was finally disgusted by Zhuge Ke and others because of this, and all four of them were defeated in the future, which was exactly what Yang Wei said.

"Wu Lu" recorded that the right to tell Tianwen said: "The emperor's ministers dare to use Xuanmu to tell the emperor and the queen: there are four generations of Han Xiangguo in twenty, and there are four out of four hundred and thirty in the past year. The evil minister Cao Pi then seized the artifact, and Pi Zi Rong succeeded the generations, and his reputation was disorderly. Quan was born in the southeast, was on duty, inherited the cadres and Bingrong, was determined to be in the ordinary world, was punished by resignation, and acted for the people. The ministers and generals, the states and counties, the hundred cities, and the deacons thought that the will of heaven had gone to the Han, the Han family had been extinct in the sky, the emperor was empty, and the suburbs had no owner. Hugh Jiarui, mixed before and after, the number of calendars is bowing, and I have to bear it. The right is afraid of the mandate of heaven, and does not dare to disobey, so he chooses the first day and goes to the altar to burn the sacrifice, that is, the emperor's throne. There are gods to feast on, and there are Wu on the left and right, and the sky will end forever. ”

【Controversy over the time of the establishment of the state of Wu】

The more mainstream view is that the state of Wu was formally established in the first year of Huanglong (229), but some people believe that the time when the state of Wu was actually established can be pushed forward, and that after Sun Quan was crowned king of Wu in the first year of Huangwu (222), the state of Wu was actually established.

However, I personally do not agree with the latter view, because according to this statement, the establishment of Wei and Shu Han will also be greatly advanced.

After all, at that time, the feudal king founded the country, and it was indeed possible to establish a vassal state, but that's it, the vassal states were still nominally autonomous, if the vassal states were all considered countries, then how many feudal kings in the Han Dynasty should be founded, don't forget, the Han Dynasty has had princes and kings for a long time, and there are not a few kings with different surnames.

Some people may want to say that Sun Quan at that time had essentially been divided from one side for a long time, plus he was nominally crowned king, both in name and in fact, so how could it not be regarded as a founding of the country. However, Cao and Liu Bei were both kings and then emperors, and if Sun Quan founded the country in the first year of Huangwu (222), Wei can be directly traced back to the eighteenth year of Jian'an (213) or the twenty-first year of Jian'an (216), and the establishment of Shu Han can also be pushed forward to the twenty-fourth year of Jian'an (219).

After all, the three kingdoms of Wei, Shu and Wu were all the first to experience the title of king in the emperor, and when Cao Cao was crowned king, Cao Pi still recognized the rule of the Han Dynasty after inheriting the king of Wei, and Liu Bei was no exception to the self-proclaimed king of Hanzhong (King of Han), and Sun Quan was also crowned king by Cao Wei, and also recognized the orthodox status of Cao Wei.

In the Three Kingdoms period, China was in a feudal society, and the master of the world was the emperor, the Son of Heaven, not the princes, so the king only said that he had the right to secession of one party, but the existence of the Son of Heaven should still be recognized. And the emperor means that he is the boss, maybe there are enemies, maybe allies, but only subordinates have no bosses.

And in the first year of Huangwu (222), Sun Quan did not want to be called the emperor, Cao Pi and Liu Bei successively called the emperor, how could Sun Quan not think about it, but at that time he did not dare to call the emperor at all, he did not have the strength of Cao Wei, and the second did not have Liu Bei's bloodline, once he was called the emperor, he would be jointly defeated by Cao Pi and Liu Bei, so Sun Quan only fished one King Wu in the end, and he had to be attached to Cao Pi, a descendant.

It was not until the first year of the Yellow Dragon (229) that the relationship between Eastern Wu and Shu Han had stabilized, and Cao Wei was temporarily powerless to threaten, that Sun Quan dared to claim the title of emperor.