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86_86661 Chen Zhong analyzed the attitude of Hainan's high-level generals toward the Western powers and the role played by Britain, France, the United States, Germany, and Russia in this war, with the aim of how Hainan could avoid the important and make light of it in the competition of power among these Western powers, and realize Hainan's strategy of going north to resist Japan in the midst of their conflicting interests. Pen? Interesting? Pavilion wWw. ｂiquge。 ｉｎfo

In fact, in the contradictions between the interests of these Western powers, China has always been the victim of their conspiracy to carve up.

Since the beginning of the Russo-Japanese War, British, French, American, and German imperialism have declared neutrality one after another. However, the same form of "neutrality" conceals the real motives, goals, positions and attitudes of various countries.

The neutrality of both Britain and the United States was in favor of Japan.

In the course of negotiations with Russia, Japan has always fully and accurately informed Britain of the situation, and has done its best to reflect the wishes of Britain and the United States in its demands on Russia, thus giving vitality to the Anglo-Japanese alliance and greatly enhancing Britain's goodwill toward Japan.

Both US President Roosevelt and Secretary of State John Hays believed that Japan was fighting for the interests of the United States, and their sympathy was entirely on the Japanese side.

Beginning in 1904, the financial capitalists of Britain and the United States provided Japan with war loans four times, which played a huge role in Japan's gradual victory over Russia.

France had an alliance with Russia, but that alliance was supposed to be mainly against Germany and Austria.

In France's foreign relations at that time, the contradiction with Germany was fundamental and primary, and the value of Russia as an ally consisted mainly in the fact that it was the force that contained Germany from the east: it was not in France's interests to use more in the Far East and to weaken it in Europe.

France did not want Russia to fight in the Far East, much less to get involved in it itself. When the negotiations between Japan and Russia were on the verge of breaking down, France was active for a time, and it had the intention of participating in mediation and promoting reconciliation.

At the same time, French Finance Minister Rouvier believes that the Russian-French alliance applies only to Europe. This means that even if Japan and Russia go to war, France will not engage in the Russian side.

It was clear that if France were to unite with Russia, it would immediately give effect to the Anglo-Japanese alliance, and that war between France and England would ensue, a prospect that France must prevent.

In fact, shortly after the conclusion of the Anglo-Japanese alliance, France, despite its ostensible bold gestures for Russia, felt the need to explore a new way out for the sake of its own vital interests, and to prevent the danger of one day confronting the British.

This was also Britain's wish, because since its negotiations with Germany finally failed in 1901, the Anglo-German tensions had deepened, and Britain needed to ease relations with France.

Thus, since 1902, Britain and France have begun negotiations towards the goal of uniting against Germany.

Britain abruptly abandoned its traditional policy of isolation and turned to the United France against Germany.

The immediate cause of Britain's diplomatic shift was, first of all, the effects of the Boer War. From the beginning of 1902, on the initiative of the British side, Britain and France began to negotiate a package of negotiations on all the colonies of the two countries in Africa, North America, Indochina and the Pacific, with a view to reaching an agreement.

This was an important diplomatic turn after the Boer War in which Britain weighed the difficulty of maintaining its empire: of the Anglo-French-Russian alliance and the Anglo-German alliance, Britain chose the former as the least threat to its overseas empire. France, at this time, was competing with Germany in Morocco and needed the support of Great Britain. The result of the negotiations was the signing of the Anglo-French Agreement between Britain and France on 8 April 1904.

As a countermeasure to the proximity of Britain and France, Kaiser Wilhelm II countered by sabotaging the Franco-Russian alliance and drawing the Russians to his side as an anti-British tool. He met with Tsar Nicholas II in Port Revel in the summer of 1902 as a sexual gesture of "solidarity" between Russia and Germany.

From July 24 to 26, the two Anglophobic monarchs engaged in rambling conversations on the question of Russian-German cooperation. At the Revell talks, William sought to undermine the Franco-Russian alliance and push Nikolai further away from Europe.

He talked about the joint Russian-German naval forces, which allowed Nikolai to confidently transfer the Baltic Fleet to the Pacific Ocean. William added: "Your future is in the East." You have a sacred mission - to save the Christian world from it".

In a statement on this meeting, Wilhelm II pointed out that Russia and Germany openly opposed Britain's intention to reorganize the continental alliance system in order to provoke war in Europe.

When their royal ships, the Hohenzollern and the Standard, parted ways, Wilhelm II raised a famous provocative flag on the mast: "The admirals of the Atlantic salute the admirals of the Pacific".

This is no longer only for the British Navy, Germany and Russia already have specific and huge shipbuilding plans.

Leaving aside the German naval race against Britain two years later, in the autumn of that year, Nikolai handed over the plan to the Admiralty for 20 years, who was stunned by its enormity and impracticality: the plan would allocate 85 million roubles a year to the navy, for a total of 1.7 billion roubles, while the total annual military expenditure of Russia was less than 9 million roubles!

In this way, France, an old ally of Russia, became a new ally of Great Britain, an ally of Japan. This unique position of France gives its neutrality a unique expression.

Shortly after the start of the war, in May 1904, it provided Russia with a loan of 800 million francs for war expenses, but the response to Russia's demand for a loan was lukewarm. It was very unimpressed by Russia's entrenchment in the Far East, and always hoped that the war would end soon.

Of the great powers, only Germany instigated, instigated, and even supported Russia's adventures in the Far East, mainly for the purpose of weakening or even breaking up the Russo-French alliance.

Germany actively sells munitions to Russia, and German financial capital has also given Russia a war loan this year.

Germany took advantage of its neutral position to hold Russia in tow and seek advantages in all aspects of the international struggle in Europe, and on the other hand, it made overtures to Japan to prevent it from being isolated in the competition in the Far East.

It can be seen from this that the "neutrality" of the imperialists, such as Britain, the United States, France, and Germany, is common only in the sense of not directly intervening in the war operations; Outside of this boundary, they either take sides, or waver, or they are left and right, and their performance is different, but they all intervene in the course of the war by some means and means, which gives the war a strong international color.

In particular, the financial capital of various countries, in close integration with their own policies, carried out extraordinary activities, and in fact actively supported this great fight, and deeply laid its mark on this war, which became a distinctive feature of this war.

Since the Russo-Japanese War took place in an environment of fierce competition among the Western powers, it itself had a great impact on the competition between the great powers.

It is inevitable, then, that other countries, especially China, Britain, the United States, France, Germany, and other countries that are actively engaged in aggression in the Far East, should exert one or another influence on the war through one or both belligerents in order to pursue their own interests at that time or in the future.

This is a conspiracy of the great powers, this is a conspiracy of each of them to plunder resources for its own sake, and we must find a gap in our favor in the contradictions between the interests of all its parties, and appropriately use the strength of these powers to eliminate them one by one.

Therefore, in view of this war, which is entangled with so many complicated factors, we in Hainan can judge the hour and size up the situation, and in the wrestling of the conspiracy of the major powers, we can take advantage of the conflicts of interest of all parties to break through the situation one by one, and finally realize our great strategic concept!

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