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"Le remembers that when he first went to Qiantang, the road was smooth for nearly two months, but he didn't expect to cross the Yangtze River in only seven days!"

The ship sailed from the canal into the Yangtze River and down the river into the Jiangnan canal section, Lotte who stood on the bow sighed.

"Official, if you are faster, you can stay overnight in Suzhou tonight, and you will be able to arrive in Hangzhou in the afternoon of the day after tomorrow." Said the captain who was next to Lotte.

Although there are still few steamships propelled by steam engines in the Great Song Dynasty, the Great Song Dynasty has indeed entered the era of steam ships, which is naturally different from the sail manpower era of the previous fiber-pulling and rocking oars, and the division of labor of the ship is naturally finer.

Of course, this is only the division of small ships sailing on inland waterways, and in the large ships that go to sea for more than 3,000 materials, Lotte divides them more finely, and the people who work on the sea vessels are collectively called seafarers, and seafarers are divided into two categories: senior seafarers and ordinary seafarers.

Seafarers engaged in managerial work on ships are called senior seamen, including captain, chief engineer, chief officer, second officer, third officer, chief engineer, second engineer, and third engineer. Seafarers who assist senior seafarers in specific work on ships are called ordinary seafarers, also known as worker seamen. Including sailors, mechanics, cooks, etc.

The first place where a steamer propelled by a steam engine is attracted to many onlookers, and even those who are accustomed to seeing steamers by the canal can't help but put down their hands and watch the work of the steamer as it passes.

Although Jiangnan is far less prosperous than the original Biandu area, Jiangnan is still Jiangnan, with beautiful mountains and rivers, smoke and rain, and scenery that has never existed.

Lotte stood on the bow of the boat, enjoying the beautiful scenery on both sides of the canal, and the captain waiting next to him said: "Master Hou, when the maritime academy in Hangzhou reaches the annual recruitment time, the people who sign up for their children are almost crowded with school members, and even children who have no mathematics have abandoned school and want to enter the maritime academy. ”

Lotte shook his head and said: "Ordinary people are just trying to let their children have a job, most of the parents of those children who go to school not only want their children to read and write, but also want their children to win a reputation, how can they let their children come to the Maritime Academy to study!" ”

The captain next to him said flatteringly: "Official, don't you know, the people nowadays are obsessed with steamships, especially the crew members who go to sea, and their annual income is not weaker than that of the three major lords of the county, and the income of the captains of those sea ships is even more Kanzhou Mansion's old men, not to mention ordinary people, even some people who intend to let their children go to school have already been moved!" ”

The profits of going to sea are huge, but there are also considerable risks associated with going to sea, not only the wind and waves of the sea, but also the loneliness of sailing in the vast and boundless sea, so seafarers naturally have to be recruited with high salaries.

The large number of applicants for the Maritime Academy is obviously a worthwhile pleasure for Lotte, which means that the Maritime Academy can recruit more excellent personnel resources, and even change the world's perception of craftsmen.

You must know that in the era of the imperial examination society in ancient China, people from all walks of life were divided into nine streams according to the secular vision, and craftsmen and excellent people could only be divided into the lower nine streams, and they suffered from the eyes of the world, and this division did not continue until the later 20th century, until the advent of the industrial era, this secular vision gradually disintegrated.

The advent of the steam engine era and the emergence of electric power technology were combined with the first industrial revolution and the second industrial revolution by Rakuten, which obviously accelerated this shift in secular vision.

The gradual maturity of steam engine technology is inseparable from Rakuten's large investment in the steel industry, in order to smelt qualified steel, Lotte is smashed into a large amount of real money, according to the memory of only a small amount of steel knowledge in later generations, Lotte let a group of craftsmen try to add a variety of minerals containing other metal elements to the steel, in order to obtain a more hard and wear-resistant alloy iron.

At the same time, Lotte is also trying to raise the temperature of the ironmaking furnace, and the temperature of the furnace is very important to the steel industry. To this end, Lotte and his craftsmen divided the temperature of the smelting furnace into several levels, and the smelting furnace and charcoal fire recipes for copper smelting and smelting different types of steel have been different.

In power technology, transformer technology is still not very mature, and there are more things and problems that need to be solved.

As for the technology of making light bulbs, Paul obtained the technology of making glass from Italy. From the glass, the texture of the glass is relatively tough, and it is more suitable for making bulbs, but the process of making filaments is still the key, and the teachers and students of the college are pumping out the air bulbs, using various carbonized bamboo filaments to make filaments, the effect is still not ideal, the short light is an hour, the long is only a few days, obviously the life of the filament can not meet the expected requirements.

With the memory of the previous life, Lotte knows that the reserves of tungsten in China rank first in the world, and the best tungsten ore is in Jiangxi, but Lotte is worried about the extraction method of tungsten, the extraction method of tungsten is not like steel directly extracted from the rock, but the use of chemical methods to replace it.

Taking a step back, Lotte used the chemical replacement method to obtain tungsten, but it takes a high temperature of more than 3,000 degrees to melt tungsten, which is simply not possible with the current metallurgical technology of the Great Song Dynasty. Making a light bulb, Lotte has two insurmountable mountains in front of him, which is a headache for Rakuten.

"What a disappointment!" While sailing, the captain saw a group approaching from a distance on the river, and the fleet with red flags sighed and ordered: "Order to stop the boat!" ”

"Why did you stop the ship?" Lotte was puzzled.

The captain explained: "Official, the fleet in front of you is the fleet of the imperial court responsible for transporting coins, and the copper ingots produced by Zhejiang every year are melted into money in Hangzhou, and then transported by the fleet to Biandu, and all ships along the way must be avoided. ”

As an official in Hangzhou, Lotte naturally knew that Hangzhou had a money supervision workshop for the imperial court to mint money, and every year the money supervision workshop made money was the first supply of Biandu and the northwest, and then the supply of the southeast and Zhejiang, resulting in a shortage of money in the southeast and Zhejiang, and bartering was not born to solve the dilemma of insufficient money.

However, in recent years, the situation has improved a lot, since the Dongying silver mining, many silver ingots have flowed into the coin circulation channels, although silver is not the current legal currency of the Great Song Dynasty, but as a hard currency that can be exchanged for two systems of silver for two silver systems, the private rich and the people are still very recognized, and even in China ticket numbers and seafarers engaged in maritime trade are to be paid with silver ingots, and these employees and seafarers are also very recognized.

Secondly, the wealthy households began to store gold and silver instead of storing copper coins in the past, which also made the price of silver ingots begin to rise, and copper coins were replaced in large quantities, so that when the summer tax and autumn tax were paid every year in the southeast, the money shortage was not as serious as before.

It was not until the Ming Dynasty in later generations that silver became legal tender, which solved the problem of money shortage that plagued China for 700 years from the Tang Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty. Now that it has only been six years since Dongying mined silver, the money shortage in Huaxia has been initially resolved, which is obviously something that Lotte did not expect before.

Things always have their own objective laws.

The boat stopped on the shore, and when the money ship of the Hou Imperial Court sailed by, the captain said without words: "Official, the little one heard that the people over there in Jiangxi know a kind of evil art, which can turn white and green iron into copper, and the little one also heard that most of the copper coins minted by the Hangzhou Qian Jian Workshop are also from Jiangxi, which is really incredible!" ”

The captain had nothing to say, and suddenly made Lotte realize that although there was no concept of chemistry in the Northern Song Dynasty, there was always this knowledge, and what the captain said just now was the chemical replacement method of ancient water copper smelting, and this so-called water copper smelting technology began in the Qin and Han dynasties, when alchemists were engaged in alchemy and found that iron could replace copper from sulfuric acid solution.

Lotte's thoughts diverged again, and his heart remembered Shen Kuo's record in "Mengxi Writings": "There is a bitter spring in Xinzhou Leadshan County, which flows as a stream, and if you boil it with water, it will become bile alum, and if you cook bile alum, you will become copper, and if you boil bile alum, you will turn into copper after a long time." ”

Obviously, this record proves that the Song people at that time had consciously used chemical displacement reactions to obtain copper. The process flow is as follows: copper sulfate crystallizes from the solution, and then smelts copper in a human furnace. In the early stage of smelting, copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate are decomposed into cuprous oxide, ferrous oxide and other oxides, and cuprous oxide is reduced to copper by later reactions, and ferrous oxide is separated from copper.

I had been thinking hard about how to get tungsten, and I didn't use chemical methods to replace it, but just the captain's words made me suddenly start.

In this era, there is no chemistry, but those who like to pretend to be ghosts understand that these people refine those coaxing pills, but they are the earliest chemists in China, and they can't get into the eyes of officials and scholars, and they can't get into the hall of elegance, which is to get to the hall of elegance is also to please the king, refining those heavy metals that exceed the standard and cause people to kill the pills, to put it bluntly, it is also a kind of thing like Wushisan in the Wei and Jin dynasties, and there is no difference between the poison and the drugs in later generations.

Lotte believes that if Huaxia had a philosophy of thought similar to that of ancient Greek philosophy in the West, Huaxia would not have fallen behind everywhere and had that humiliating 100 years. Gunpowder is a by-product of the alchemy of the ancient monks, sulfuric acid, the ancient monks can also be made, with these ancient chemical knowledge, it is obvious that Lotte wants to replace tungsten, and it has taken a big step forward.

"Shakuhachi!"

Thinking of this, Lotte called.

"The officials have something to order!" The shakuhachi who followed said busily.

This time he came to Hangzhou, Shakuchi was in charge of Biandu's affairs and did not have a companion, and Tu Si was left in Biandu by Lotte to pay close attention to the situation in the north.

Lotte instructed: "After arriving in Hangzhou, recruit those alchemists who are good at alchemy!" ”

Hearing that Lotte said that he wanted to recruit Fangshi, Wu Song said anxiously: "Official, you are prosperous in the Spring and Autumn Period, why use those things!" ”

"Yes, official, this thing is not a good thing, officials should not be contaminated with this thing!" Yang Zhi is also loyal.

Knowing that a few people obviously misunderstood, Lotte smiled and said: "You have thought too much, Le Mou is not interested in drinking any five-stone loose toys, but has watched their Daomen's stone into alchemy!" ”

"Alchemy?" Wu Song and the others were all surprised, and then shook their heads and said, "Official, if there is a little stone into alchemy, will those monks return to the city to rely on alchemy and selling prescriptions to deceive people to live?" ”

The captain pondered and said, "Official, the art of turning stones into alchemy only exists in the theory of existence, and most of them are deceptions of the monks, but turning water into copper really exists!" ”

This book comes from Pinshu.com