The various costumes among relatives recorded in the "Mourning Clothes" have been regarded as authoritative guidelines by later generations, and have been fulfilled through the generations, but there have also been some variations.

The five-service system is a system of mourning for deceased relatives in Chinese etiquette. It stipulates that among relatives with different blood relations, the mourning service system is different, and the relatives are divided into 5 categories, from relatives to sparse, in order: beheading, Qi decay, great merit, small merit, and hemp.

For the first time in the Western Jin Dynasty, the five-service system was included in the code, as a criterion for judging whether a crime was constituted and measuring the severity of the crime, which was the principle of "quasi-five-service to control crime", which was not only applicable to the situation of mutual infringement and injury between relatives, but also used to determine the relationship between civil rights and obligations such as maintenance and inheritance.

The principle of five subordination is essentially the principle of different punishment for the same crime, which is embodied within the family, and the principle of its use in criminal law is: relatives commit crimes against each other, and the punishment is heavier than that of ordinary people, and the closer the relationship, the heavier the punishment; If you are inferior to others, the punishment is lighter than that of ordinary people, and the closer the relationship, the lighter the punishment. Relatives steal from each other, the punishment is lighter than ordinary people, and the closer the relationship, the lighter the punishment. In civil matters, if there is a mistake in the transfer of property, the closer the relationship, the lighter the punishment.

After the establishment of the principle of five obedience and punishment of crimes, the Confucian etiquette system and the application of the law were completely combined, which was another major development of the Confucianization of feudal law since the precedent of the integration of etiquette and law in the Han Dynasty, which not only reflected the characteristics of the Jin Dynasty's law of "paying equal attention to etiquette and law", but also the concentrated expression of the characteristics of China's feudal legal ethics and law. From the law of the Western Jin Dynasty to the Ming and Qing dynasties, the punishment of crimes has always been an important part of feudal law, and has been constantly enriched and improved in practice.

In the specific application of the five suits, the decay and decay refer to the meaning of not sewing. All princes are the sons of heaven, ministers are kings, men and unmarried daughters are parents, daughters-in-law are to their parents-in-law, grandchildren are to grandparents, and wives are to husbands, all of them must wear the most important filial piety clothes.

Qi decay is made of natural coarse linen. The filial piety clothes made by this method can be trimmed wherever they are cut. Grandsons and granddaughters wear filial piety clothes for their grandfathers and grandmothers, and great-sons and great-daughters wear filial piety clothes for their great-grandfathers and great-grandmothers, and they all obey the etiquette system of Qi decay.

Dagong is made of cooked linen, and the material is slightly finer than that used in Qi decay. For uncles, parents, cousins, unmarried cousins, married aunts and sisters, and married daughters for mothers, uncles, and brothers, they must wear this kind of mourning garment.

Xiaogong, which is a mourning dress that is lighter than Dagong, is made of thinner cooked linen. This type of mourning dress is worn for grandparents, cousins, unmarried grandmothers, cousins, married cousins, brothers' wives, cousins, unmarried cousins, and for maternal grandparents, maternal uncles, mothers-in-law, etc.

Linen is made of slightly thinner cooked cloth. Nowadays, it is mostly made of bleached cloth. This grade is used for all the filial piety worn for great-grandparents, maternal parents, clan brothers and sisters, unmarried clan sisters, and cousins and parents-in-law in foreign surnames.

In addition to the five clothes, there was also a lighter way of mourning in ancient times, called Waiver. It is recorded in the historical books: between friends, if they go to the funeral in person, they must also approve hemp in the mourning hall or at the funeral; If it's in another country, then it's okay to be exempt. Naked is to expose the left shoulder; Exempt, refers to not wearing a crown, with a cloth belt to tie the bun.

The five-dress regulations are the mourning clothes regulations for the younger generations to the elders, and the husband and wife belong to the same generation and do not wear mourning clothes, but can wear black armbands.

(12) Funeral rites

There are 4 articles about funerals in "Rituals", namely "Funeral Dress Ceremony", "Funeral Ceremony", "Evening Ceremony" and "Ceremony of Scholars". Among them, "The Evening Ceremony" and "The Funeral Rite" were originally one article, because the brochure was heavy at that time, and it was divided into two, so the "Evening Ceremony" was often regarded as the next part of the "Funeral Rite".

"The Funeral of a Scholar" introduces the account of the loss of a parent, from the death of a priest to the funeral. In ancient times, the son of a scholar was a scholar, and the father of a scholar was also a scholar. The "Funeral Rites" only talks about the funerals of the scholar class, and is not universally applicable to other classes. The Funeral Rites describes in detail the specific process and rituals of the funeral, which is roughly composed of the following links: summoning the spirits of the deceased, covering clothes and bedding, and decorating the feet with wedges; The monarch sent condolences and gave clothes, and the relatives and friends of the deceased mourned and gave clothes; Inscription, bathing, dressing, eating, and weighting for the deceased; Small burial, large burial; crying day and night; Divination, burial dwellings and burial days, etc.

The funeral rite is a fierce rite among the five rites. Murder rites are ritual ceremonies for mourning and condolences for various unfortunate events, including funeral rites, absurd rites, hanging rites, 禬 (guì) rites, and compassionate rites.

For funeral rites, the deceased must be killed in the main sleeping room, and the body of the deceased must be covered with a quilt. One person summons the spirit, and the person who summons the soul wears a pure clothes (xūn) dress, with the left side of the top and bottom connected together, and the collar is inserted between the straps to fix it; Climb the cornices to the east, stand in the middle of the ridge, go north and summon spirits with your clothes, shouting: "Oh, someone (the name of the deceased) is back!" Shout 3 times in a row. Then the clothes were thrown down from the front, and one person under the cornice caught them with a suitcase, walked up the east steps to the main hall, and covered the body with clothes. The spiritualists came down from the north side of the west cornice.

Use a sacrificial spoon to open the upper and lower teeth of the deceased, use a short table to correct the feet of the deceased, and use dried meat, meat sauce, and sweet wine to pay tribute to the deceased. Walk up the main hall from the east staircase, place the offerings on the east side of the corpse, and set up a curtain on the hall.

Then report the funeral to the king. The host of the funeral stood on the east side of the west staircase, and instructed the mourners to the south, and sent them off. If there are guests who come to mourn, the host of the funeral should bow down.