"It's very well written." After reading the document, Su Fang, a Chinese water conservancy expert, said, "This sea buckthorn is indeed a good thing for 'Lihuang', thanks to which Yang Hanzhi can think of it." ”

Su Fang is a well-known water conservancy expert in China, and has made many achievements in channel management and bank protection of the Yellow River. When she was a teenager, Su Fang loved crafts and public welfare, and often participated in the construction of local temples and water conservancy with her father, and accumulated a lot of knowledge in engineering technology. He has designed and manufactured shelf stone grinding, water conservancy grinding, closed chain lock cabinets, and wooden cottonseed threshing machinery, which are widely used in agricultural production. In the early years of the Republic of China, he had poor drainage management; There is no difference in land, and the disadvantages of entrusting the management of private pockets have changed the "13 troops" system to a system of sharing according to the acres of land, which has been supported by the masses. In the 3rd year of the Republic of China, the county government appointed Su Fang as a member of the canal control committee, and he summed up the experience of his predecessors in canal management, formulated a long-term plan and a short-term plan for water conservancy projects, and focused the project on the dredging of trunk canals and irrigation facilities. Every year, he personally surveyed the budget, formulated a plan, concentrated manpower, finance, and material resources for the construction in sections, inspected the work within a time limit, and put an end to floating reports, corruption, and waste. In terms of the collection of husbands, he introduced the system of levying according to the mu, got rid of the bad rules of "eating the husband and eating the leaves" such as "inclusive", "sitting on the corpse", and "watching the ding", strengthened the management of the canal chief and the section chief, eliminated the evil and left the good, and rectified the chaos in the management of the canal. In the process of flood control, he extended and strengthened the barrage at the mouth of the canal, and the river water was intercepted by the stone dam, and the water was diverted into the canal to increase the amount of water; Blow up the reef at the mouth of the canal, reduce the height of the inlet, and increase the amount of water inflow; In the lower section of the dam, a large discharge of water was built, the flood water receded, and a small water reduction was built in Lianjiajianzi, which ensured the safety of the channel and the normal water inflow during the flood season. In addition, willow trees are planted on the south embankment of the stone canal, which is commonly known as "willow board" to ensure the safety of the embankment.

It is precisely because of the experience of "willow board" that Yang Shuoming's proposal to widely plant sea buckthorn on the Loess Plateau in the article immediately received his response.

"Sea buckthorn is a homologous plant for food and medicine, and its economic value is also very large, if it can be widely planted, it can not only improve the vegetation, but also benefit the people." Su Fang continued.

"Oh? Is it so amazing? He Qianli said with some surprise.

"Actually, this sea buckthorn is nothing new." Professor Gao Haishi, a botanist and Chinese food expert, said on the side.

"Old Gao, let's talk to everyone, hehe." Zhang Hanying, another water conservancy expert, said with a smile.

"Sea buckthorn has long been famous overseas. In ancient Greek times, there were constant wars between city-states. At one point, the Spartans won the battle, but several horses were seriously wounded in the battle. The Spartans could not bear to kill their horses, and did not want to see their beloved horses die, so they put them in a forest. After some time, the Spartans were surprised to find that the dying horses were not only dead, but fat and strong, with bright coats, and their bodies seemed to shine. The Spartans were very surprised and eventually discovered that the horses had been released into a sea buckthorn forest, and these horses ate sea buckthorn leaves when they were hungry and sea buckthorn fruits when they were thirsty, and they depended on sea buckthorn for their livelihood. The wise ancient Greeks knew the nutritional and healing value of sea buckthorn, which is also the origin of the Latin scientific name of sea buckthorn. ”

"Pretty much the same legend is found in our country. In 1200 A.D., Genghis Khan led an expedition to Chifeng, due to the climate and other environmental conditions are very harsh, many soldiers are riddled with diseases, loss of appetite, and have no combat effectiveness. The war horses were also weakened due to excessive galloping, and they could not eat food and grass, and lacked physical strength, which seriously affected the combat effectiveness of the troops, and Genghis Khan had nothing to do about it. When they returned triumphantly and re-entered the sea buckthorn forest, they found that the abandoned horses not only did not die, but all of them had recovered their former might. The soldiers were amazed that the little sea buckthorn had such a miraculous effect. He immediately reported the matter to Genghis Khan. When Genghis Khan learned about it, he ordered the whole army to pick a large number of sea buckthorn fruits and carry them with the army. And feed the horses with the fruits and leaves of sea buckthorn. Soon, the soldiers were cured of their illnesses, their appetites increased, and their bodies became stronger and stronger. And the war horse eats the grain and grass cleanly, and can run well. Since then, according to the rich local sea buckthorn resources and the Tang Dynasty medical book "Moon King Medicine Zhen", sea buckthorn can enhance physical strength, appetize and soothe the intestines, eat refreshingly, and promote digestion, and formulated a seabuckthorn-based prescription for Genghis Khan. Genghis Khan regarded sea buckthorn as a panacea given by the "heavens" and named it 'appetizing spleen longevity fruit' and 'holy fruit'. ”

After listening to Gao Haishi's narration, the participants were a little surprised.

According to historical records, during the Three Kingdoms period, the Shu Han invaded Wei, and during an expedition, due to the long and arduous trek on the rugged mountain road, the Shu army was sleepy and lacking in physical strength. Some soldiers picked 'thorn fruits' in the barren mountains and mountains to quench their hunger and thirst. After eating the 'thorn fruit', the fatigue of the soldiers was magically eliminated immediately, and their physical strength was quickly restored. After Zhuge Wuhou found out, he called on the whole army to take it, and finally got through the difficulty. The so-called 'acanthic fruit' they take is also today's sea buckthorn. ”

"In this way, even if it is for longevity and longevity, we have to promote the planting of this sea buckthorn, hehe." He Qianli looked at everyone and said with a smile.

"Yes, if this is the case on the Loess Plateau, the flooding of the Yellow River may be cured." Su Fang also said with a smile.

"Agricultural, forestry and pastoral development measures and flood control reservoirs in mountainous areas, together with the rational increase of arable land in mountainous areas, will reduce the amount of water remaining flowing to the plains. Therefore, the management of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain should not be limited to the plain plains, but should also include the mountainous areas of more than 100,000 square kilometers outside the plains into the entire management system. Zhang Hanying smiled and brought the topic back to the issue of governing the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, "In order to develop the natural resources of the plain as a whole, Yang Hanzhi's article said that the rational use of land resources and water resources in the mountains and plains is the first priority. We should identify suitable trees, pastures and crops for planting in different soils in different regions, identify different measures to increase agricultural yields, prioritize seeds, improve soils, determine the amount of fertilizer, the frequency of irrigation and the amount of water per visit. Because of the soil and climate, there is an optimal combination of various measures. In the rational use of water resources, it is necessary to first meet the needs of domestic water, followed by industrial water, and then the largest amount of agricultural water. ”

"Also, there needs to be an economically sound power grid plan in the plains. This should be done in accordance with the planned industrial layout, urban and rural electricity consumption, and farmland irrigation and drainage pumping power requirements in the region. In addition, the plains need to be planned for a transportation network. The entire Huang-Huai-Hai region needs to form a transportation network that combines railways, roads and waterways. Among them, water transportation should be planned in a unified manner with other relevant water conservancy measures. He Qianli nodded, "In short, the development and utilization of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, while planning to prevent floods, waterlogging, drought, and alkali disasters in the plain, must take into account various economic factors, and proceed from the overall economic benefits. ”

"There is also this strategy of flood control and river control," Su Fang said, "and the lower reaches of the Yellow River have been a delta since Zhengzhou, and its main stream and various schools have gradually leveled down, the flow of water has gradually decreased, and the estuary has gradually extended as it moves downstream along the road and evolves over time." In addition, the weak sea current in Bohai Bay can carry away very little sediment for export, and all kinds of reasons make the lower reaches of the Yellow River inevitably silt up. In ancient and modern times, at home and abroad, it is impossible to make the river channel automatically maintain without silting, such as harnessing water and attacking sand, guarding the embankment of the wide river, brushing the trough of the silt, and collecting the flow of sand and so on. These assumptions that the sediment will be completely discharged for a long time are not valid. When the method of multi-channel diversion is adopted. ”

"The method of diverting multiple channels to the sea?" He Qianli helped his glasses and asked.

"Look here, Yang Hanzhi also mentioned it." Su Fang pointed to the document in his hand and said, "Since the Yellow River has been silted up, the diversion and discharge of sand can automatically brush the deep river trough. As a result, the drainage capacity is increased, and there is no need to raise the embankment after diversion. In the early years, the Chinese people were afraid of floods, and there were no bricks and stones nearby, so they did not dare to build dams to divert the water. Today, sluices are built with reinforced concrete and sheet piles, which can confidently control the diversion of water and sediment. As far as possible, more than 20 gates on the left and right of the embankment can be opened to set up gates to divert the water, follow the drainage channels left over from ancient times, and silt up the Huanghuaihai Plain along the way. There are no housing crops in these drains, and diversion will not cause flood damage. In addition, the diversion is not only to drain the flood during the flood season, but also to divert the water during the dry season, so as to take turns to irrigate the farmland and maintain the waterway. The flow path should be a compound section, and the slope of the beach channel on both sides should be fixed. Each time the water is released, a certain rate of water and sediment flow should be controlled from the mouth gate, so as to ensure that the beach on both sides is flooded to a depth of more than 20 centimeters. This will make the muddy current silt the beach, and the clear stream will be reinjected into the brush groove. If the water is insufficient and there is no beach, the gate will be closed. In this way, the water and sand will be transported far away, and there is no need to dig up the flow path. ”

What Yang Hanzhi said is extremely true, because the land on the delta urgently needs water and sand irrigation, fine mud fertilization, and coarse sand to make a bottom to facilitate drainage. There are more than 30 million acres of sand wasteland and shallow depression on the plain, and a large amount of coarse and fine sediment is needed for irrigation. Once the flow is diverted, people will know that the Yellow River has little water and sand, and it is not enough for silt irrigation, and soil and water conservation is absolutely necessary for the rational use of land in the upper and middle reaches to maintain agriculture and animal husbandry. Zhang Hanying said.

"This strategy of 'curing pornography' that is gradually deduced based on reason is the only feasible one at present. For downstream river control, diversion and silt irrigation, sediment is not enough, and it is not needed at all; Moreover, the soil and water conserved are located in the upper and middle reaches, and the place where the calculation effect is achieved is downstream, and the clear stream will become muddy for hundreds of kilometers along the way, which is unlikely to be effective. Therefore, it is unrealistic to say that the so-called 'upper block' in the traditional river control method is unrealistic. "Therefore, in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, after the diversion, the river trough can be automatically deepened, and the sand flow will irrigate the farmland on both sides, and transform the sand barren depression to help shipping." As long as we realize the irrationality of the Yellow River's plan of 'blocking and draining the Yellow River', the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain will be able to enjoy the rest of the drainage, and there is no need to divert the river water from the north. Only when the 'control of pornography' is successful, and then the 'control of Huai' and 'control of the sea' can it be guaranteed. To 'control Huai', it is necessary to build some reservoirs on the tributaries to stop floods, divert water from the Danjiang River to increase the dry flow, and improve the river body. In addition to damaging the floodwaters in the mountainous areas, it is also necessary to separate the torrential rainwater formed on the plains from the sea. Su Fang said, with irrepressible excitement in her voice.

"Yang Hanzhi's idea of soil and water conservation to cure the Yellow River is actually nothing new, this kind of proposal began to circulate in China very early, so far the Chinese people have not woken up, and it is painful to delay the 'control of the Yellow River' for more than half a century." He Qianli listened to everyone's discussion and couldn't help but sigh deeply.

Yang Hanzhi also said here that the Yellow River is the best 'Li River' in the world, and people today regard it as a 'harmful river', which is really a shame for China's water conservancy circles. The Yellow River is the largest delta in the world with less water and more sand, and the 2.05 million square kilometers of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain formed by the north-south flow in history. The two embankments were gradually raised to become a hanging river, but they provided a main artesian canal for artesian silt irrigation, which was sufficient to relieve the current water and fertilizer shortage in the North China Plain and restore the North-South Grand Canal. Water and sediment should be distributed into the existing tributaries in the north and south. Such as the Grand Canal, the Maji River, the Tuxiao River, the Jialu River, the Whirlpool River, etc., and then silt up the fields, and improve 30 million acres of sand wasteland. The sill of each diversion gate should be set low to brush the deep river trough and increase the flood capacity, so the river is governed. The levee no longer has to be raised and is converted into a highway. The Huang-Huai-Hai Plain can be developed as a whole, which can increase the support of half a billion people. He Qianli looked at the document in his hand and smiled bitterly, "It's really earth-shattering." ”

"Yes, now to sum up, there are only three ways to increase the water resources of an area to resist drought, and the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain is no exception: first, planting trees and grasses in the upper reaches to conserve water sources; Second, reservoirs should be built in mountainous areas, irrigation should be diverted in delta areas, and surface flow should be intercepted and recharged underground in plains to reduce runoff into the sea; Third, the groundwater level should be lowered in the pre-flood spring irrigation to accommodate the infiltration water of the rainstorm and reduce the ineffective surface evaporation. Su Fang said, "The so-called 'no break, no stand', only by recognizing the mistake of the "blocking and discharging" policy to control the Yellow River, and realizing that in the delta only by relying on well irrigation and not by the silt irrigation of large rivers, the salinity will eventually increase, and it is possible to deduce that using the water of the Yellow River to silt up the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain is the only feasible strategy." I propose that the following measures be taken and that they be implemented in a planned manner. Su Fang said.

"Lao Su will read it to everyone." He Qianli said.

Su Fang took out the results of the discussion just now and read it out loud:

"First, build a huge canal equipped with a sluice gate, divert the water and sediment of the Yellow River into the Wei Canal, lead it to Tianjin, and set up a station and set up a sluice gate on the way to divert the silt water in the eastern part of the Hebei Plain, so as to solve the current water shortage and compensate the capital for misappropriating the water in the Baiyangdian area. The canal has been silted up 4 meters above the ground, no need to dig, after the term continues to silt high, in the future to become the Zhengzhou to Tianjin highway roadbed, no longer water transport. ”

"Second, at the same time, the survey and design of new silt irrigation channels will be started to restore the North-South Grand Canal. The route is roughly taken from the Laosha River to connect the Qingliang River, along the original depression road of Heilonggang, and the Wei Canal will be moved down in the future after completion. The gate of the Yellow River diversion must be able to overflow and discharge from the orifice. The sluice irrigation range of Zhengzhou north is very large, and there are three more mouths under the mouth, which are respectively silted and irrigated in the area of natural canal, Wenyan canal and Liuqing River, in which the low-lying land of sand barren should be used to use coarse sand silt at the bottom of the river to make the bottom, and the top is silted and filled with fine mud. Downstream Shizhuang, Weishan and other sluices will be renovated, silting up the vast areas such as the Jindi River, the Tuxiao River and the Mache River. It can be planned first, and left for the next step of construction to divert and discharge sand. All genres use duplex sections to ensure that the slots are brushed and silted. ”

"Third, the Yellow River at the intersection of the Grand Canal should be set up with two locks in the north and south, and should be opened as soon as possible to divert the north and south to use water for the canal, and to irrigate the depressions such as Dongping and Liangshan on both sides of the river. The river flows southward, and there is no need to pump the river water to the north. After the Yellow River is diverted at the intersection and brushes the bottom of the deep trough, it is possible that it will be navigable without locks. In addition, Juancheng also opened to set up sluices to silt both banks of the Zhaowang River and tail the canal. Other sluices along the river will also be opened one after another, and it is particularly important that the dam head in the east is connected to the old road of the abandoned Yellow River. From it then the north-south divide connects many tribes. The larger Huhe and Tuo rivers will directly flow into the Huai River, silting up large areas of farmland. ”

"Fourth, the tributaries south of the Yellow River near the upper reaches should be dominated by the Jialu River and the Whirlpool River, and it is recommended that the diversion be carried out after gaining experience. However, the downstream Xiaoqing River will be the main line of inland waterway shipping in Dongying City, which should be completed in advance, and it is necessary to comprehensively plan all schools and construct in stages. ”

"Fifth, in addition to the Grand Canal must be comprehensively planned, the canals should also be planned, such as the Huangbizhuang Hutuo River to connect the Grand Canal, to transport Shanxi coal to Tianjin Port by water, and to pass through the west dam of Huangbizhuang in Gangnan with a land coast slideway; The waste of the Yellow River and the vortex river are each regarded as first-class schools. The latter considered renovating the channel of the Huanghuai River after the silt brush groove became a deep and straight river. ”

"Sixth, the north of the Yellow River has little rain and poor drainage, so it is necessary to make a comprehensive plan to drain groundwater. Along the line of Tianjin, Cangzhou and Leling, a narrow trench buried in the offshore with a depth of 15 meters was dug, and a hidden pipe was set up to pump out the deep brine to the sea, so as to improve the soil of North China, which is said to be a poor ridge. ”

"Seventh, on the basis of the above-mentioned genre network and canal network, plan the flood control project of the Haihe River and the Huai River and the project of draining the surface flow of heavy rain in the whole plain. Storm water should be allowed to flow through the Tianjin-Pudong Railway within a certain limit to help drain the floodwater. ”

"Eighth, the use of the people's long-term labor to build the Yellow River embankment, the construction of several highways, in addition to the above-mentioned Zhengzhou-Tianjin line, can also be built from Zhengzhou to Jinan to Lijin, Luoyang to Dongying, and Zhengzhou to Dongbatou to Xuzhou and Lianyungang lines. According to the highway design, there must be no intersections and must be above the ground. ”

"Ninth, comprehensively promote the planting of sea buckthorn and clover plants on the Loess Plateau, improve vegetation, and maintain water and soil."

"The Yellow River is known as China's scourge, and the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain is suffering from floods, droughts, and alkalis. If the above measures are realized, the 300,000-square-kilometer large plain will be able to reap the benefits of flood control, irrigation, siltation, alkali discharge, power supply, and land and water transportation, and the social and economic situation will be immediately improved. Such huge profits depend on diversion, and only by carrying more sand can the Yellow River create a huge faction. When the Chinese people realize that water and sand are not a scourge, but a resource, and understand how to skillfully use water and sand flow on the convex landform of the delta, the Yellow River will become the world's best river, and on the world's largest delta of 300,000 square kilometers, compared with the delta of no more than 10,000 square kilometers elsewhere, the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain will become a rich region in the world. Why is the husband in trouble with the river? ”

(To be continued)