Mines are the oldest underwater weapons, and their homeland is in China. Mines were first invented by the Chinese. In 1558, Tang Shunzhi, a member of the Ming Dynasty, compiled the first edition of the "Martial Arts", which described in detail the construction and laying method of a "submarine mine", which was used to combat the invading Japanese invaders along the coast of China. This was the first human-controlled, mechanically fired anchor mine. It used a wooden box as a thunder shell, putty glued to the seams, black powder was contained in it, and its firing mechanism was unknotted with a long rope, and it was detonated by human fire. There are three iron anchors under the wooden box with a rope to control the depth of the mine body in the water. In 1590, China invented the earliest floating mine, the "underwater dragon king cannon" with incense as the timing fuse. In 1599, China's Wang Minghe invented the "underwater thunder" with rope as the touching line, and in 1621, it was improved to touch the line drifting thunder, which was the world's earliest triggering drifting thunder. During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, there were often Japanese ships on the southeast coast of China. In order to deal with the invasion of pirates, gunpowder was packed in wooden crates and glued with putty to make an anchor mine that was fired by a cable, which was specially designed to strike enemy ships. At the end of the sixteenth century, the "Underwater Dragon King Cannon" and the "Underwater Thunder" made of ox belly were invented one after another, and in 1621, the "Underwater Dragon King Cannon" and "Underwater Thunder" were successively improved to trigger the floating mine with the fuse of the line, and damaged the enemy ship in naval battles many times.

In the eighteenth century, Europe and the United States began to use mines in actual combat. North American Reading War. In order to attack the British [***] ships anchored at the mouth of the Trava River in Philadelphia, the North American people put gunpowder and mechanically striking fuses in small beer kegs on January 7, 1778, and made mines and floated down the river. Although it did not encounter a warship at that time, it suddenly exploded when it was picked up by British sailors, killing and injuring some people, which is known as the "Little Barrel War".

Liang Pengfei has long been interested in using mines, and he also knows that there is a book of war called "Wubei Zhi" in the Ming Dynasty that has a method for making mines, but what he didn't expect was that just when he wanted to spend a lot of money to buy, he learned from other people's mouths.

The 240 volumes of "Wubei Zhi", with more than 2 million words and 738 pictures, were actually destroyed by the court as [***].

The first edition of "Wubei Zhi" in the first year of tomorrow's Qi was banned because of "many contradictory words", and Wang Yunwen, a native of Qiantang, deleted the preface of the Ming Edition, and deleted the "Donghu" and other "inappropriate" words in Mao Yuanyi's original work, this version of "Wubei Zhi", called "Lianxi Caotang Ben", was widely circulated in the Qing Dynasty, but in the Qianlong period, the Manchu Emperor who called himself the old man was worried that those rebels who were dissatisfied with the court would get this book, and create weapons of mass destruction and the like, making it more difficult for the court to suppress the rebellion, so, It is banned again, and no matter which version you have, it will all be banned and destroyed, and it must not be kept, otherwise, it will be a disaster with bad intentions and destroying your home.

When he learned the news for the first time, Liang Pengfei tilted his nose angrily, and looked at what a high-sounding and ridiculous reason.

It is no wonder that Qianlong wanted to revise the "Siku Quanshu", that is, to make the literary prison more thorough, and all books throughout the country should be submitted and inspected, not only the literature that was not conducive to the Manchu Qing Dynasty was banned and destroyed, but even the writings of his predecessors involving the Khitan, Jurchen, Mongolian, and Liao Jinyuan had to be tampered with.

More than 3,000 kinds and more than 150,000 books were confiscated, and more than 700,000 books were burned in total. In addition to burning books, the Manchus also systematically destroyed Ming Dynasty archives. At present, there are only more than 3,000 archives of the Ming Dynasty, mainly the archives of the military department of the Tianqi and Chongzhen dynasties, and there are also a small number of official documents of the Hongwu, Yongle, Xuande, Chenghua, Zhengde, Jiajing, Longqing, Wanli, and Taichang dynasties (many of which have been modified by the Manchu Qing Dynasty).

The rest, estimated at no less than 10 million (remember, 10,000,000) Ming Dynasty archives, have all been destroyed. In addition to destroying books and archives, the Manchus also systematically tampered with the remaining books and archives.

Wu Han said: "The Qing people compiled and repaired the "Four Libraries Quanshu", and the ancient books died! Even Song Yingxing's scientific and technological work "Heavenly Creation" was banned because it hindered the foolish people. The literary prison is so thorough that Wu Sangui's "anti-Manchurian essay", a "Chronicle of the Ten Sayings of Yangzhou" and a "Brief Chronicle of the Massacre of the City of Jiading" were annihilated in China for more than 200 years, and it was only after more than 200 years that they were found out from the text!

Many historical materials depicting the Jin Yuan massacre have all been deleted and tampered with in the Manchu Qing Dynasty's Siku Quanshu. The most outrageous thing is that the Manchu Qing also falsified documents to achieve the purpose of slandering the Han nation.

For example, the Manchu Qing Dynasty declared that Zhang Xianzhong had an inscription, saying: "All things are born in nature, and no one is good to repay the heavens, kill, kill." However, according to Liang Pengfei's inscription on Zhang Xianzhong found by Sichuan archaeologists a few years before he was about to travel through time and space, it was actually "born of all things, and everyone has nothing to do with heaven and ghosts and gods, thinking about themselves" There are no seven killing words at all. These killing words were obviously made up by the Manchu lackey Wen Hu.

"When the edict was first issued, the teeth were cut in the history of the Ming Dynasty. Subsequently, the Siku Pavilion discussed, the Wei Song people said Liao Jin Yuan, and the Ming people said Yuan, and their discussions were especially biased, and everything was intended to be destroyed,...... After Longqing, as for the late Ming Dynasty, it will be written by Xiang Xianchen, and there are no relics. Qianlong boasted so proudly about this achievement.

Later generations of Manchu widows and young people unanimously agreed, recognized and praised that the compilation of the Siku Quanshu was undoubtedly a great contribution to China's cultural undertakings, vigorously advocating the culture of book collection, and embodying the dignity and value of traditional culture. Tut-tut, what a beautiful word, so that those dry bones buried in the grave can't help but be moved by the praise and praise of these descendants.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the writings of Huang Daozhou, Zhang Huangyan, Yuan Jixian, Qian Sule, Gu Yanwu, Huang Zongxi, and Sun Qifeng were all banned. Later, it was slightly relaxed, and some people's writings were "destroyed as long as they were changed and violated by words". However, the works of Qian Qianyi, Lu Liuliang, Qu Dajun, Jin Bao, Dai Mingshi, Wang Xihou, and Yin Jiaquan were particularly strictly banned.

Even those who have read these [***], those who sell books, buy books, and engrave and print are all criminalized, and the lightest is also an exile of 3,000 li, and if it is heavy, they will be exiled for 3,000 miles, and if they are heavy, they will be destroyed by raiding their homes and destroying the nine tribes, this is the attitude of the Manchu Qing Dynasty towards those [***] that record the inheritance of Chinese civilization, as long as it is not suitable for all the books they want, whether you are talking about art or poetry, you can ban it if you want to, and destroy it if you want to.

The outrageous cruelty of the literary prison caused many scholars to "avoid the table and fear the literary prison, and write books only for the sake of Daoliang"; when they heard about the literary prison in their speech, they were so frightened that they immediately hid away, and the literati wrote books for a living, and did not dare to express their own opinions. The cynical motto of "not a martyr" was set up one after another, and the literati and scholars had no choice but to extinguish their thoughts, lose their integrity, or cling to the eight-strand program, reciting the teachings of Confucius, Meng, Cheng and Zhu in order to enter the imperial examination; Or stay away from the sensitive academic field, away from reality, and devote all your energy to the pile of old papers of exegesis and evidence.

Most of the officials of the Qing Dynasty were admitted to the imperial examination. As literati, they risk falling victim to the literal prison; As bureaucrats, they are also the makers or accomplices of the literal prison. On the one hand, they are unwilling to touch the literary network and die in ruin; On the other hand, he did not want to be convicted for failing to implement the emperor's edict and not being able to strictly investigate the responsibility of writing. So they can only develop in the direction of being cautious and unrestrained. Since then, the integrity of Chinese cultural people has deteriorated.

This is the Qing Dynasty, those in later generations, in the time and space where Liang Pengfei lived, the lackeys who held the withered phalanges of the Manchu Dynasty and stretched out their tongues to lick the prosperous era of Kangqian, and the Kangxi Emperor, the Qianlong Emperor, who were touted by those braided drama fans. (I scratch a little more, but I don't vomit or feel unhappy.) It's all an abridged version that hasn't been spit out yet...... I learned from Qianlong and Emperor Kangxi. To Liang Pengfei's surprise, he actually found this book in Nanyang, and it was the original book of the first year of Tomorrow's Apocalypse, and now the old Liang family has been able to create mines, and this book can be said to be indispensable.

So far, a total of more than 1,800 mines have been produced on King Crab Island, but Liang Pengfei has no use in the battle between Nanyang and the Dutch, or in the defense of the Humen Fort, and all of them are kept, just waiting for the arrival of those British.

On the Yangtze River, more than 20 miles east of Zhenjiang City, on the Yangtze River River Center Island at the confluence of the South Canal and the Yangtze River, a group of high-ranking officials of the Qing Dynasty with gloomy faces and ugly expressions watched as the elated British jumped into the small boats that had been prepared long ago and headed for the British warships in the distance.

"These guys are finally getting out." He Shen took a deep breath, a trace of happiness and relief appeared on his tired face, and his words expressed the hearts of everyone present, yes, these damn externalized barbarians were finally driven away.

"Cutting the land and seeking peace, this is the shame that my Great Qing Kingdom has never had since the founding of the country, I can't imagine that it will pass through our hands......" Ah Gui stroked the snow-colored long beard and lamented infinitely desolately. In less than a month, Ah Gui has lost a lot of weight, and his hair was originally just a gray beard, but now it is all white frost.

"Take care, Dashuai." Fukangan frowned, took a step forward, and helped the old Ah Gui who looked like a wind candle, in the past, Fukangan entered the army, and he has been under Ah Gui, and Ah Gui takes good care of him, so Fukangan still uses the past name to call the head of the dynasty to show his closeness.

"Yes, Xiangye, in fact, we can't cede the land and sue for peace, but we are just leasing that unknown island to those Yingyi, which is not much different from Macau." Hailancha couldn't bear to persuade.

Ah Gui shook his head slightly, and said in a deep voice towards Na Fukangan: "Yaolin, immediately let the sailors and the soldiers and horses on both sides of the strait follow up, and see if those Yingyi keep their promises and retreat to the mouth of the Yangtze River." ”

"Don't worry, Dashuai, I've already asked them to do it, the river is windy, let's go back to Jiangning Mansion as soon as possible, these days, Dashuai, you are tired enough." Fukangan nodded, but did not let go of the hand that was holding Na Gui.

Looking at the backs of Ah Gui and the others, He Shen shook his head almost undetectably, Ah Gui looked really disheartened, but for He Shen, it was Ah Gui, the head of the dynasty, who was signing the treaty in the box solemnly held in his hand by the Ouchi guards next to him, not himself, which was the only thing that made him feel a little relieved.

It's just that what worries Heshen the most is that if this Zhenjiang Treaty is announced in the world, I don't know how much turmoil and unrest it will cause.

"Welcome, my friend, I can already see from your expressions that you must have succeeded." Liang Sanhuai, who was standing on the flagship Lion, saw Macartney waiting to climb up the rope ladder to the deck with a happy smile from the heart, and then led the little Staunton down from the stern of the ship and greeted the negotiators.

"Aha, my dear friend, dear Liang, you are really our lucky star, look what this is, Zhenjiang Treaty, today, the prime minister of this empire, finally signed his name on this treaty." Macartney seemed a little speechless, yes, so happy, they actually did it, although they always believed that they could do it, but now, when success is in front of them, there is a sense of dream.

"Congratulations, distinguished Mr. Ambassador, your name will be remembered by all of Great Britain, and indeed of all of Europe, for knocking on the door of this empire that has been closed for hundreds of years." Liang Sanhuai curled the corners of his mouth and threw a small slap at the British ambassador, who was a lot old but excited like a young man who had scored 100 points in Chinese in elementary school.

"No, no, no, my dear friend, without your guidance, we would not have been able to get those damned, stubborn Prime Ministers of the Qing Kingdom and those ministers to agree to our treaty, although the content of the treaty has been changed a lot, but, at least we have won, I believe that as long as the door of this empire is opened by our sleigh, then, they will never be able to close it, I can guarantee it." Macartney sincerely saluted Liang Sanhuai. "Thank you, friend of the British Empire."

"It's nothing, it's just that you don't know this country as well as the officials of this country, otherwise, with your wisdom, you will figure out these things sooner or later." Liang Sanhuai smiled and explained, his indifferent appearance was regarded as honor and disgrace by the members of these envoys, and he couldn't help but look up at this Oriental again.

(To be continued)