Today's poem is that the Zhou people face the upcoming harvest, sacrifice to the gods, and thank the bright and great heaven, which finally gave a good year. At that time, the king of Zhou not only went to the fields during the spring ploughing season, but also went to the fields to examine during the harvest. The king of Zhou said, "Collect your shovels and hoes, and I will go to inspect the opening and harvesting." He is very familiar with agricultural production, which further reflects the importance that the country attaches to agriculture.

Hey, hey, all the ministers, you are diligent in your official duties. The king has given you the law, and you must consult and study the arrangement.

Hey, hey, Tian Guan, it's the twilight of spring, what else do you have to plan? It's time to think about how to clean up the new fields.

Ah, what a luxuriant wheat, it seems that a good harvest is about to be harvested. The bright and great Emperor of Heaven finally gave a good year.

Order my peasants, to store up your shovels and hoes, and I will inspect the scythe harvest.

"Hee-hee": reflects the actual situation of agricultural production and ceremonies in the early Zhou Dynasty

This is an agricultural poem that reflects the social life of the Zhou Dynasty. King Cheng of Zhou solemnly announced to his subjects that he had invited and prayed to the Heavenly Princes and Kings, and obtained their approval to hold this ceremony of ploughing the land. Not only that, King Cheng also directly instructed the heavenly officials to encourage farmers to cultivate in an all-round way.

According to the Chinese Language, the ceremony was divided into two parts: first, the king poured incense wine on the auspicious day after the beginning of spring to pray for grain, and then led the officials and farmers to perform the ceremony of borrowing the field, symbolically doing the act of personally cultivating and persuading the farmers. Today's poem is a narration of King Cheng's sacrifice to heaven and the first prince and queen, personally leading hundreds of officials and farmers to sow a hundred grains, and encouraging farmers to work hard and work together by instructing the field officials.

King Cheng sighed softly and prayed, I have invited the first prince and the first king.

I will lead these many farmers to sow the grains.

The officers of the fields will push your plows on the end of the thirty miles of the field.

Vigorously cooperate with your farming, and ten thousand people will form five thousand pairs.

耜 (sì)

"Zhenlu": The new dynasty and the old generation coexist harmoniously

Weizi, named Qi, was the ancestor of the Song State of the Zhou Dynasty, a nobleman of the Yin Shang Dynasty, he was the eldest son of the Shang King Emperor Yi, the cousin of Emperor Xin, and was later enshrined in the Song State by the Western Zhou Dynasty.

In the last years of the Yin Shang dynasty, the king was unreasonable, poor and extravagant, tyrannical and murderous, which led to the rebellion of the people and the decline of the country. Weizi repeatedly advised the king of Zhou, but he could not be adopted, and Weizi was afraid that he would invite death, so he fled from Yin Shang. After King Wu of Zhou destroyed Yin Shang, Weizi sincerely returned. After the rebellion of the three eunuchs of Zhou Pingding, King Cheng of Zhou sealed Weizi in Shangqiu, the birthplace of the Shang clan, to express the sacrifice of the Shang people, and the country name was Song, allowing them to use the rites and music of the Son of Heaven to worship their ancestors. Weizi is a diligent monarch who is loved by the people.

This is a song of Zhou Tianzi to set up a banquet to entertain the princes who came to Hojing to help the sacrifice, and the princes who assisted the sacrifice should be Wei Ziqi, the descendant of Yin Shang, which is the praise of the Zhou people for Wei Ziqi. As a guest, Wei Ziqi has a beautiful demeanor, no one resents him in his own country, and no one hates him when he comes to the capital of the Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Tianzi hopes that he will be diligent day and night and retain the good name praised by everyone.

The egret flies in the sky and flies freely on the western side of the river. Merchants advocate white, is a bird as a totem of the nation, the whole body of pure white feathers of the heron bird by the merchant as a noble and sacred thing, it flies when the posture is beautiful, when it stops perching calmly, people can not help but admire. What's more, the Shang and Zhou people, who had just developed from the era of primitive natural god worship, were a symbol of the perfect unity of the outward beauty and the inner noble spirit.

So I had guests to help with the sacrifice, and it was also a good white garment. The Zhou people praised Wei Ziqi, who made a pilgrimage to the Zhou Dynasty and helped to sacrifice to the white egret, which was cherished by the merchants. According to the "Historical Records", the king of Su acted chaotically and endlessly, Wei Ziqi had advised many times, but the king did not listen, Wei Ziqi discussed with the Taishi and the young master, and then fled from the Yin country. Therefore, Confucius praised him as one of the "Three Benevolences" of Yin Shang. After he was enshrined in the Song Kingdom by the Zhou Dynasty, externally he respected Zhou Tianzi as the co-lord of the world, and internally he was benevolent and virtuous, and was supported by the remnants of Yin Shang, and his virtue was highly praised, which was a natural thing. As for Wei Ziqi's demeanor and appearance, although there is no history to say how chic and handsome he is, it must be very good.

Wei Ziqi has a relatively harmonious interpersonal relationship inside and outside the Song Dynasty, he is not hated by anyone in the Song Dynasty, and he is also highly praised in the Zhou Land, Wei Ziqi as a Yin Shang who was destroyed by the Zhou people, in front of the victor Zhou Tianzi, it is really commendable to be able to show a temperament that is not humble or discouraged. As the victors, the monarchs and ministers of the Zhou Dynasty, in front of Weizi, were able to show a temperament that was neither arrogant nor arrogant, and treated the former enemy countries with courtesy and kindness, which also reflected a magnificent and broad style of a great country.

As a descendant of a loser, we must adhere to this spirit of not being humble or discouraged:

A flock of egrets soared into the sky and flew freely on the west side of the river.

I have guests to help with the sacrifice, and they are also white and good.

No one is tired of it in that Song land, and it is praised in this week.

Be cautious and diligent day after night, and your name and honor will always be glorious.

"Harvest Year": Sacrifice to the gods after the harvest

After the harvest, in order to thank the gods for their protection, the ancients would hold a festival to reward the gods and celebrate the harvest. In ancient China, the country was called Sheji, which referred to the earth god and the grain god, which showed the important position of agriculture at that time. The people's survival depends on agricultural production, and the stability of the political power must also be guaranteed by agricultural production. In ancient times, the Western Zhou Dynasty was definitely an agriculture-based society, and the harvest of agriculture must have been the top priority of the government and the opposition at that time. Due to the limitations of the development of productive forces, agriculture at that time was basically dependent on the harvest of the sky. Therefore, when a good year comes, it is natural for people to celebrate and sing praises in a big way.

A lot of grain grains are stored in tall granaries, a spectacular harvest scene, naturally to show the strength of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Through this static scene, it is not difficult for us to imagine the dynamics of hundreds of millions of farmers working hard for many years behind the static scene. In the view of the Zhou royal family, the hard-won harvest is not only personnel, but also the will of God, the so-called "planning in people, success in heaven", the harvest is still a gift from God in the final analysis, so people still have to thank God for the harvest.

It is most appropriate to give thanks for the harvest and to sacrifice the fruits of the harvest, and to make thousands of cups of wine into the harvest grain and offer it before the spirits of the ancestors. Worshipping ancestors is to realize the communication between heaven and man through the spirits of ancestors. It is precisely because of the abundant harvest that the sacrificial items can be abundant, and the sacrifices can be abundant, so that all kinds of festivals can be held ceremoniously one by one, and all aspects can be covered. The blessings of Monkey King descend on all households, which is not only a praise of the blessings of the gods, but also a prayer for further universal blessings from the gods. In a time when it is difficult to control nature and control one's own destiny, people's desire to pray to the gods for their blessings is very strong.