readx; The madness of other capitalist countries cannot be ignored by the Soviet Union, as the world's largest socialist communist country. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

No, judging from the news in Vladivostok through the secret channels planted in the Oriental little Japanese dwarf, the top-secret information that the Japanese plan to build a catamaran super-battleship of nearly 300,000 tons has been placed on Uncle Steel's desk.

Uncle Steel, who was shouting his pipe, could not tolerate the Oriental dwarf jumping like this, and then he called an emergency meeting. So the Soviet naval engineers and the head of the navy were summoned to Moscow for a meeting.

Three days later, the Soviets decided to start building a first-class catamaran super-battleship: the Great Soviet-class battleship (naval program No. 24, the original naval program No. 23, which included the Soviet-class battleships, was cancelled). This ambitious plan was the first and last class of battleships designed and built by the Soviet Union on the eve of World War II, and like most of the great powers, Mao Xiong was also led by Zhao Heng, the bad guy, to the technology tree.

This class was one of the strongest warships designed during the Stalin period at that time. The design of this class was planned in the late thirties of the twentieth century, but it was fortunate to be close to the Soviet class, which had never been in service in history. Originally planned to build five battleships of this class, it was planned to be completed around 1947, making it the main strike force of the Soviet Navy. But slow design progress and excessive trust in Nazi Germany forced the Soviets to reconsider the overly optimistic plan. The cancellation of its other four battleships made the Soviet Union one of the few post-World War II military powers that had built a dream battleship such as a self-built catamaran super-battleship.

With the successful completion of the first five-year plan of the Soviet Union in 1929-1933, the Soviet Union made an astonishing leap forward in the construction of socialism. At that time, Western countries were suffering from the economic crisis that broke out in 1929, and the international situation was becoming increasingly acute and complex. The signing of the London Naval Treaty in 1930, the September 18 Incident and Hitler's rise to power in Germany and a series of political earthquakes strongly shook the steel strongman Stalin.

Stalin, who had a keen sense of political smell, believed that it was entirely possible for the fascist capitalist countries and the old powers such as Britain and France to unite and intervene and invade the newly restored Soviet Union again, seeking a way out for the crumbling domestic economy (in fact, the uncle was thinking too much, Nazi Germany and Britain and France and other old powers in power in Hitler's power could not pee in a pot at all, who called Ya After the end of the First World War, he slashed the second German son hard, and this hatred Germans will forget?). Don't be silly! ）。

The Soviet Navy, on the other hand, was clearly unable to compete with any of its potential adversaries. On May 27, 1935 (the shock from the Chinese side was deeply stimulated by Mao Xiong, and the plan was released a year ahead of schedule), the Admiralty under the People's Commissariat of Defense of the USSR submitted a huge plan for the reconstruction of the navy, the content of which was several deletions and modifications, requesting the construction of at least 8 235,000-ton 510-mm gun Type A catamaran super battleships and 18 52,000-ton 406-mm gun Type A heavy cruisers for the Navy (in fact, this tonnage is already a battle cruiser). In the years that followed, the plan was revised several times, and the Type A catamaran was eventually developed into the only Type 24 "Great Soviet" class battleship to be built in the Soviet era.

Although heavy industry and shipbuilding in the USSR developed considerably during the first two five-year plans, it was still impossible to independently carry out such a grand plan. The Soviet Union, like in the days of Tsarist Russia, turned to Germany, the United States, and Italy for help, trying to build several battleships that were ready to work with the help of foreign technical forces. But the demands of the Soviets were first rejected by the United States, and the Americans simply dealt with the Russians casually. For this reason, Stalin complained in a letter to the American ambassador, "I don't understand why your country is just unwilling to help us build battleships." We are happy to first order a 406 main gun battleship in your country at a cost of 60 million to 100 million dollars, and at the same time very much hope that after the completion of the first ship, your country's engineers and technicians will come to the Soviet Union to help us build another sister ship."

But here, the ideological struggle trumped the pecuniary interests: because of the socialist system of the Soviet Union and the "Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact" signed with Germany, which was then called a beast by later generations, the arrogant United States was simply unwilling to discuss with the Soviet woolly bear any surface ships larger than destroyers. It was not until after the outbreak of the Soviet-Finnish War that President Roosevelt, the commander of the Bald Eagles, directly announced a total embargo and blockade of the Soviet Union. Several high-ranking delegations of the Soviet Navy that visited the United States ended in vain and had to return in vain. While the German and Italian shipyards are too busy with their own business to take care of anything else, in fact, Hansmeow and Idly Noodles are frantically building catamaran super-battleships, and no guy would be stupid enough to help a potential enemy create something that threatens him. Only the Italian company Anshardo completed the design of the UP-41 type battleship on July 14, 1936, and it is not ruled out that the Yili Noodles were to cope with the errand.

This UP-41 battleship has a standard displacement of 42,674 tons, a full load displacement of 46,200 tons, a vertical length of 236 meters, a total length of 252 meters, a width of 35.5 meters, and a normal draft of 9.4 meters. The armament consisted of three triple 406 mm/L50 turrets and four triple 180 mm/L60 secondary turrets, 12 twin 100 mm anti-aircraft guns and 12 quadruple 45 mm machine guns. The side armor was 370 mm thick with an inclination of 6 degrees, the upper armor belt was 150 mm thick, the main turret panel was 400 mm, the base was 350 mm, and the command tower was 370 mm. 8 boilers and 4 steam turbines, 180,000 horsepower, speed 32 knots.

In fact, the Ansaldo company was at that time building the No. 2 ship of the Veneto-class battleships - "Litorio". The UP-41 is actually an improved version of the Vittorio Veneto class. After the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, the overall cooperation of the Soviet-Italian navy was interrupted, but there were still some Italian shipbuilding technicians who worked in Soviet shipyards until June 1941.

This woolly bear is very dissatisfied: you girl, you just use an improvement product that has no eggs to cheat me out of money, no way. The USSR itself, of course, did not pin its hopes entirely on foreign countries. In December 1935, V. P. Kasakov and V. L. Beczynsky of the First Central Special Ship Design Bureau under the Ministry of Shipbuilding submitted to their superiors the preliminary design of six battleships:

No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, No. 6

Standard displacement tons: 275000, 265000, 257000, 249000, 255000, 243000

Length (m) 660, 620, 600, 580, 600, 550

Width (m) 78, 74, 72, 68, 69, 66

Draught (m) 22.4, 21, 18.6, 18.6, 20.2, 18.2

It is equipped with 4 quadruple 530 main turrets, 3 quadruple 530 main turrets, 3 triple 530 main turrets, 2 quadruple 530 main turrets, 3 quadruple 480 main turrets, and 2 quadruple 480 main turrets

12 twin 130-mm flat-mounted anti-aircraft guns and 8 quadruple 45-mm anti-aircraft guns

Side armor (mm) 760

Horizontal armor 100 + 300 mm

Main engine power (horsepower) 560000

Speed (knots) 26, 26.5, 27, 27.5, 27, 28.5

Endurance (nautical miles) 10000

Of interest is the fact that, with the exception of Scheme No. 3, the rest of the designs used a quadruple turret. The Soviet preference for quadruple turrets can be traced back to the 1915-1917 shipyard planning ship schemes, when Russian engineers spent a lot of effort on the mechanical design of quadruple turrets.

The Technical Committee considered that 12 530-mm guns were superior to the 9-gun 570-mm main gun scheme due to the fact that the increase in the number of barrels allowed for a denser salvo dispersion, as well as more ammunition projection per unit time than 9 larger caliber guns. Soon the pre-research work on battleships was transferred from the Navy to the shipbuilding department under the Council of Ministers of the USSR, which was well aware of its actual industrial level, and they renamed the Type A battleships Type 24, and the technical requirements were reduced to the following indicators:

Standard displacement 255,000 tons, 9 530 mm guns and 64 130 mm flat anti-aircraft guns, 48 37 mm guns and 48 12.7 mm machine guns, side armor 900 mm, upper armor belt 400 mm, horizontal armor total thickness 400 mm, speed 36 knots, endurance 15,000 nautical miles / 15 knots.

It didn't take long for the design indicators to be significantly adjusted for some reason. In August 1936, the Soviet Union successfully concluded a bilateral naval agreement with Great Britain. The Soviet government expressed its readiness to abide by the limits of the Second London Treaty on the Limitation of Naval Armaments of March 1936 (not the original agreement) for battleships with a displacement of no more than 235,000 tons and a main gun caliber of no more than 530 mm. However, the Soviets cleverly exploited the treaty: of the major naval powers, only Japan in the Pacific did not ratify the Second London Treaty. Therefore, the USSR believed that it had every reason to build a supra-treaty type battleship with 530 guns for the Pacific Fleet to counter the super-battleships that Japan might develop. On August 3, 1936, the commander of the Red Navy, Orlov, put forward the technical requirements for the future battleship, 241,500 tons, 9 510 main guns, 24 152 and 100 mm secondary guns, 80 37 mm machine guns; Side armor 760 mm, upper armor belt 500 mm, horizontal armor 50 + 135 mm, speed 30 knots, endurance 12000-16000 nautical miles, 4 catapults and 8 seaplanes. This time the Soviet Navy was not ready to start anew, and decided to carry out an expanded preliminary design based on the UP-41A model. The 1st Central Special Ship Design Bureau and the 4th Baltic Plant Design Bureau were ordered to take over the work. In December of that year, both sides came up with their own design plans.

The 4th Design Bureau, the 1st Central Special Ship Design Bureau

Standard displacement (tons) 245900, 244900

Full load displacement (tons) 251000, ominous

Length 510 (full length), 496 (waterline, estimated value, the same below)

Width 65.2, 67

Draught 19, 19.2

It is armed with 3 triple 510 main guns, 24 152 and 100 mm secondary guns, and 80 37 mm machine guns

Side armor mm 760, 760

Horizontal armor 440, 400

Main turret panels 840, 850

Top 500

Command tower side 850, ominous

Top 500

Horizontal armor 60 + 40 + 300, 100 + 270

The main engine power is 800000 and 720000

Speed section 30, 30

Endurance 14,000 nautical miles/14 knots, 14,000 knots/? section

Crew 2720, ominous

After preliminary demonstrations, the USSR Navy chose the scheme of the Fourth Design Bureau, and at the same time demanded that the horizontal armor be strengthened to 60 + 100 + 360 mm, and the permissible displacement should be moderately increased to 246000-247000 tons. As a result of the Great Purge, the chief designer of such an important battleship program turned out to be a 32-year-old Tyulikin. But soon, the designers of the 4th Design Bureau ran into serious problems with excessive displacement, which, even with a slight reduction in horizontal protection, inevitably reached 248415 tons. On July 14, 1937, the battleship plan was submitted to Stalin for approval. Tyulikin and his comrades were ready for the death sentence, but the situation turned out completely unexpected. In fact, as early as April and May, the commander of the Navy, Orlov, and the head of the shipbuilding industry, Muklevich, had already agreed to enlarge the displacement of the battleship to 255,000 tons to meet its requirements in terms of protective performance. Stalin was satisfied with this and further enlarged the displacement of the battleship to 257000 tons. In February 1938, the design of the Type 24 was finalized, and the last to stand out was the Type III Y:

258,420 tons of standard displacement, armament with the original scheme of the Fourth Design Bureau, side armor 640 mm, horizontal armor 50 + 280 + 120 mm, Priesai underwater defense system, maximum width of 15 meters, main engine power 804,000 shaft horsepower, maximum speed of 28.5 knots.

On February 28, 1938, Deputy People's Commissar of the Navy Isakov submitted a report to the National Defense Council on a request for the construction of Type 24. After discussion, the Council of Defense agreed to the Navy's request and decided to begin construction of the first ship on July 15, 1938. More than 100 models were built in the design of the Type 24 to obtain the optimal hull alignment, and later the KM-1 and KM-1 1:10 large-scale power models were built in Sevastopol for navigation tests. However, the results of the test poured cold water on the designers: the propulsion efficiency was about 10% lower than the design value, and the maximum speed had to be lowered to 27.5 knots in November 1938. Fortunately, the technicians of the Central Research Institute of Special Naval Ships later developed a more efficient propeller, which is expected to increase the maximum speed to 28 knots. The shipyard also built a full-size incomplete wooden model of the Type 24 hull for designers to modify the general arrangement. For the whole of 1938, the Type 24 test alone cost five and four million rubles!