Chapter 040: The Restoration of France
The Battle of Normandy was still going on, but the Germans could no longer sit still, and for more than ten days, their allies in the French-controlled area were taken away little by little.
If the whole territory of France is lost, then soon the war will be fully burned to Germany, Germany ordered Hans to immediately urge Wang Hanzhang to immediately launch an attack on the Soviet Union, at least kill the Soviet Union, then the German army can draw 4 million troops to fight a decisive battle with the Allies on the Western Front, and the battle will be decided.
Wang Hanzhang replied that it would take another month to prepare, and Bing expressed his belief that the strength of the German army would not be beaten to Germany by the Allies in a month.
The German authorities were also relieved to have Wang Hanzhang's assurance, but this could not reverse the decline in France, where most of the German army was in the Eastern European or Soviet theaters, and the troops in Western Europe were too scattered.
In addition, the heavy industry in their territory was bombed by Allied strategic bombers, and the losses were very large, which seriously affected the production of the military industry.
The troops were not transferred from elsewhere in time, there were not only Allied planes in the sky, but also Allied paratroopers and French resistance groups on the ground.
On June 18, U.S. forces captured Barneville in the middle of the Cotontan Peninsula.
On June 19, the U.S. military made excellent use of its mobile advantages and turned around to take Fort Monte, cutting off the Cotentin Peninsula.
On the same day, a storm broke out in the English Channel, with winds reaching force 8, The wave height is 1.8 meters, which brought great losses to the Allied forces, in the Mulberry A artificial harbor in the US military area, the floating dock disintegrated, the caissons broke, and the cross-shaped steel parts collided with each other and were seriously damaged, in the Mulberry B artificial harbor in the British area, due to the protection of the submarine reef, the losses were small, only 4 caissons were destroyed, at the landing beachhead, the Allies had a total of 7 tank landing ships, 1 large personnel landing ship, 1 oil tanker, 3 barges, 7 trawlers, 67 landing craft were sunk by strong winds, 1 cruiser and 1 ferry were damaged due to collision with each other, and some ships were injured due to the surging wind and waves that detonated the hydraulic mines laid by the Germans, the storm also threw nearly 800 ships on land, forcing the Allied unloading to be suspended for five full days, making 20,000 vehicles and 100,000 tons of supplies unable to land as planned, the material losses caused by the storm greatly exceeded the losses in the thirteen-day operation, and forced the Allied forces to have serious difficulties in logistical supply, if the German army can seize this once-in-a-lifetime fighter and counterattack, the situation of the war is very likely to be rewritten, but unfortunately the German army was only able to barely defend at that time, Although the Germans transferred from Hungary the 9th and 10th SS Panzer Divisions, which had just been withdrawn from the Soviet battlefield and reorganized, the two divisions were unable to arrive in time due to the severe damage to the railways in France and the difficulty in gathering and maneuvering their troops.
On June 20, three divisions of the American army advanced to only 8 kilometers from Cherbourg, which is located in the north of the Cotentin Peninsula and is the largest port in northern France, where the Germans built concrete field fortifications and used rivers and canals to set up anti-tank barriers, and deployed 20 artillery batteries in bunkers on the outskirts of the city, 15 of which were 150mm guns, which could fire at sea targets and control inland roads, but they were not enough because the fighting in the previous period had consumed a lot of vital forces, The commander of the city defense, General Schlieben, incorporated the miscellaneous personnel into the combat unit, and barely managed to gather the strength of four regiments.
On June 21, in order to protect the port facilities, the U.S. military broadcast to urge the defenders to surrender, but the Germans refused, so the U.S. military decided to storm Cherbourg.
On June 22, the Allied air force prepared for aviation fire before the attack, dispatched 500 sorties to carry out intensive bombing of Cherbourg, dropping 1,100 tons of bombs, and then three divisions of the US army launched a fierce attack from the south, the German army resisted to the death, and the fierce battle was fought until June 24, Schleigh had exhausted all reserves, he called Berlin to ask for the airdrop of the Iron Cross, awarded meritorious personnel to boost morale, and was still ready to defend to the end, in order to capture Cherbourg as soon as possible, the US army urgently needed naval artillery fire support from the navy, However, the bad weather made the naval artillery fire support not begin until June 25, the navy sent 3 battleships, 4 cruisers, and 11 destroyers to form a naval gun support formation to support the ground forces, and the commander of the US 7th Army, Vice Admiral Collins, avoided accidental damage to his own troops by naval guns, and asked the warships to only return fire on the German artillery that shot the warships in addition to providing summon fire, and canceled all other long-distance naval gun fire, and the naval warships carried out naval gun firing for up to seven hours, which extremely effectively suppressed the German artillery firepower. With the support of powerful naval and air force firepower, the US 7th Army rushed into the city of Cherbourg at dusk on June 25, and the next day, Schlieben and the port naval commander Rear Admiral Hennick announced their surrender together, but individual strongholds that lost contact with the main force were still stubbornly resistant, and the US army used tanks and bombers to attack in coordination to gradually compress the remnants of the German army to the northwestern tip of Cherbourg, and on July 1, the last stronghold of the German army was forced to surrender, so far, the US army occupied the entire Cotentin Peninsula, in the battle to seize Cherbourg and the Coton Peninsula, The U.S. casualties amounted to 25,000, and the Germans suffered about 36,000 casualties and captured.
As early as June 7, the day after the Allied landing, the Germans expected that the Allies would seize Cherbourg and immediately began to plan to destroy Cherbourg, the docks, breakwaters, cranes and other port equipment were blown up one by one, the port waters were full of mines, and the channel was blocked with sunken ships. "As soon as the Allies occupied Cherbourg, they sent a large number of engineers, salvage detachments, and minesweepers to carry out the clearance work, and it took three weeks to sweep away 133 mines and salvage 20 sunken ships, which restored the throughput capacity of the port of Cherbourg, and on July 16, the Allies unloaded the first transport ship from Cherbourg, and at the end of July, Cherbourg's daily unloading capacity had reached 8,500 tons. By September, the daily unloading volume rose to 17,000 tons, and after three months of efforts, Cherbourg's unloading capacity was second only to Marseille, becoming the second largest port of the Allies in Europe, and by the end of 1944, a total of 2,137 transport ships had entered Cherbourg, with a total unloading volume of 2,826,000 tons, making a great contribution to the victory of the anti-fascist war.
At the same time that the American army captured Cherbourg, Montgomery commanded the British 2nd Army, and on June 26, with the strength of 4 divisions, launched an operation codenamed "Epsom Racecourse", stormed Caen, captured Sherkes at noon on the same day, and continued to advance, but on the left and right flanks were resolutely counterattacked by the German SS 12th Panzer Division, the advance was very difficult, on June 27, the British army after a hard battle, repelled the German counterattack, occupied Laurian, and the vanguard 11th Panzer Division controlled the bridge over the Oden River, On June 28, the main force of the British army crossed the Oden River, established a bridgehead position with a frontal width of 3,650 meters and a depth of 900 meters, on June 29, the German army concentrated five armored divisions to launch a counterattack, the Allied air force took advantage of the favorable conditions of fine weather to carry out a large number of bombardments on the German armored forces, and broke up the German offensive, the British 11th armored division took the opportunity to occupy the strategic 112 heights southwest of Caen, the German army knew the important value of the 112 heights, and then organized many counterattacks, but they did not succeed, On June 30, the Germans concentrated all their artillery fire and shelled the 112 heights with all their might, under the heavy shelling, the British army was difficult to hold, so they had to abandon the 112 heights and retreat to the banks of the Oden River, although the Germans recaptured the 112 heights, but they have been under the fierce blows of the Allied air forces, they could not concentrate on the use of armored forces, and they could not give full play to the huge assault power of the armored forces, and generally could only use 200 infantry and 15,20 tanks to form a small battle group for a short sortie, and it was difficult to achieve victory, In addition, in the past few days, about 100 tanks have been lost, and there is no replenishment, Rommel had to abandon some positions on the periphery in order to ensure Caen, and deployed 700 of the 900 tanks in the suburbs of Caen.
On June 29, Rommel and Rundstedt met with Hitler and reported on the current war situation, Hitler was greatly dissatisfied with this, and adjusted the high-level command personnel of the German Western Front, replacing Rundstedt with Field Marshal Kluge as commander-in-chief of the Western Front, Eberbach replacing von Schwepenger with command of the armored forces of the Western Front, and changing the name of the headquarters to the 5th Tank Army, and replacing the recently deceased General Dorman as commander of the 7th Army with SS General Hauser.
On 1 July, the Allied forces announced the successful conclusion of the naval operation in the "Overlord" landing operation, that is, the "Sea King" operation, and immediately revoked the number of the East and West Task Forces, and some of their ships were transferred to the Mediterranean and the Pacific Ocean.
Of course, although the Allies are temporarily unable to advance, this does not mean that the Allies will give up the offensive and rest at a low level, the Allies are just transporting troops and supplies to France.
By the beginning of July, the Allies had landed 25 divisions, including 13 American divisions, 11 British divisions, and 1 Canadian division, with a total of 1 million men, 567,000 tons of supplies, and 172,000 vehicles.
After nearly a month of major war, the Allies announced the successful end of the "Overlord" landing operation, and France seemed to have fallen into a rare calm, Britain, the United States and France sent telegrams to celebrate the victory, and at the same time rejoiced that the Chinese army did not attack the Soviet Union.
De Gaulle was glad that France would soon be recovered at the same time, Stalin was also secretly relieved, a difficult month was over, what he was most worried about was that China would fight against them within this month, and now that the Allies had gained a firm foothold in France, I believe that China can see the situation clearly,