Some of the sentences in the Analects may not be in line with the social environment of our time, but we cannot dismiss them because they were really applicable and advanced in that era. If we learn it as a philosophy of history, we will benefit in the end. There are many sentences in the Analects, which are simple and unpretentious to read, but after chewing on them repeatedly, I find that their meaning is profound.

As future generations, when dealing with traditional culture, we should first have an attitude of learning, and not criticize it before we have learned it. Otherwise, we may find out in the end that we don't even have a spiritual backbone, and we have lived an illusory life. Sinology is the cultural foundation of our Chinese nation, and from Sinology, we can at least understand the mainstream ideas of that era. There are many wise sayings in Chinese culture, from which we must absorb the spiritual nutrition that can help us live a better life, go deep into our hearts, and apply them to our lives. Sinology is the source of self-confidence of the Chinese nation, and without Sinology as our spiritual backing, our self-confidence may be blind.

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Sometimes, escape is not necessarily the most avoidable, facing is not necessarily the saddest, loneliness is not necessarily unhappy, gaining may not last long, loss may not be able to have again; We may be sad for a reason, but we can certainly find another reason to be happy. If you always treat yourself as a pearl, you will always have the pain of being buried, and if you treat yourself as dirt, everyone will trample you into a road. In a person's life, there are many things that are difficult to choose, and there are many trivial things that are always entangled in our hearts, at this time what we need is to give up decisively and make wise choices, and the only thing that limits us is ourselves.

If you don't love it, don't show it off to him anymore; still showing off to him can only mean that you still care about his thoughts, and you still miss him; When he sees you in such an embarrassment, he can only be convinced that you have never forgotten him. When love is about to end, you don't want to draw an end, and when you hesitate whether to take the initiative to draw an end, it means that you are reluctant at all, and there is no way to draw this end. Love, once it becomes a habit, will never be able to get rid of it for the rest of your life. It is not painful to give up someone who loves you very much; Giving up on someone you love very much, that's pain; Falling in love with someone who doesn't love you can be more painful.

Don't be lonely because of the wrong love, and don't be lonely for a lifetime because of the wrong love. Don't wait until you miss it to regret it, and don't wait until you lose it to try to get it back. Perhaps only when you are the furthest away can you see the days you have passed most truly and clearly. The farthest distance in the world is not that you can't resist this longing, but you have to deliberately pretend not to put you in your heart at all, but use your indifferent heart to dig an insurmountable ditch for those who love you; The bleakest and most annoying thing is not the moment when you know that you have lost a loved one, but that you are still wandering, still not knowing that you have lost.

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There are a total of 20 articles in the Analects, namely: "Xueer", "Weizheng Chapter", "Eight Hundred Chapters", "Liren Chapter", "Gongye Long Chapter", "Yongye Chapter", "Shuer Chapter", "Taibo Chapter", "Zihan Chapter", "Township Party Chapter", "Advanced Chapter", "Yan Yuan Chapter", "Zilu Chapter", "Xianwen Chapter", "Wei Ling Gong Chapter", "Ji Shi Chapter", "Yang Goods Chapter", "Weizi Chapter", "Zizhang Chapter", "Yao Yue Chapter". Originally, the Analects did not have a title, but later generations extracted the first two or three words of the first sentence of each article, so that it had a title.

The Analects is a collection of many short chapters, which are arranged in a way that does not necessarily make any sense, that is, there is no connection between the two chapters, and they are not written by the same person. If you look closely, you will find that although the length of the Analects is not very large, there are many repetitive chapters, such as the sentence "Rhetoric, a pleasing face, such a person is rarely benevolent", which appears in both the "Xue and Er Chapters" and the "Yang Goods Chapter". There are many more similar situations in the Analects, and we will not list them all here. There can only be one plausible explanation for this phenomenon, and that is that the remarks of Confucius were recorded by the disciples at that time, and only later compiled into a book, so the Analects must not be regarded as the work of a single person.

As an excellent collection of quotation essays, the Analects is still very readable. Let's take a good look at it!

2. Appreciation of the full text of the Analects

Before I write any more, I need to explain that the content of the full appreciation of the Analects may be duplicative of much of what has been written earlier. The previous content analysis was extracted from the original text of the Analects, and they are all representative sentences. The full text of the Analects is basically written in the order of the original text and in the most fluent language, but we don't have to worry that most of the content in the Analects has not appeared before. Why should I do this? In fact, the main purpose is to enable us to understand the Analects more clearly and thoroughly.

The full text appreciation of the Analects will show the charm of the Analects as a whole, such as the aforementioned "portrayal of the characters very vividly, such as Zilu's straightforwardness and recklessness, Yan Hui's gentleness and virtuousness", etc., we can feel it in the full text appreciation of the Analects, and we will find more things. In addition, if we study the Analects only to understand some analysis of it and not perceive the whole text, such study is incomplete and regrettable. In other words, all the foreshadowing we have done before is actually to allow us to better return to the full text of the Analects, because after all, this is the real Analects.

When I was writing, I basically didn't write Chinese, and I actually thought a lot about it. Take the Analects as an example, the Analects has gone through the "ancient Analects" to the "Analects of Classical Chinese" that we see today, and it is not difficult to understand that in the long course of history, writing is evolving. I want everyone to enjoy the Analects in a comfortable and comfortable way, so I try my best to transition the ancient texts to literary works that are in line with the characteristics of the times. At the same time, in all the later classics of Chinese studies, there will basically be no classical Chinese that is difficult to read.

Okay, let's read the Analects plainly!

(1) "Learning and Chapter"

The first part of the Analects is the first in the Analects, which consists of 16 chapters. There are many aspects involved in the content, among which the most prominent one is "I reflect on myself many times every day"; "Save money, don't waste extravagantly; the proper use of the officials, so that the common people should make use of their leisure time"; "The application of propriety should be based on harmony" also has some content about the moral categories of benevolence, filial piety, and faithfulness.

Confucius said: It is a very pleasant thing to review and practice the knowledge you have learned. It's a joy to have like-minded people come from afar; Others don't understand me, and I don't resent and anger, so that a virtuous gentleman should have the mind. Youzi said: There are very few people who are filial to their parents at home, obey their brothers, and like to offend the upper rulers; There is no one who does not like to offend the upper rulers, but who likes to rebel; The gentleman is devoted to the fundamental things, and the fundamental is established, and the principle of governing the country and being a man is also established; Filial piety to parents and respect for elder brothers is the foundation of benevolence! Confucius said: Usually talk to people and pretend to be pleasant, such people rarely have benevolence.