Chapter 44: The Battle of Qingdao (5)
"Taking advantage of this war to liberate Shandong, even if it is not completely liberated, expand the Shandong base area as much as possible." At the meeting held in Zhengzhou, Chen Ke put forward his views.
The comrades of the Central Committee had no opinion on this, and Zhang Yu adhered to his usual style and took the lead in asking: "Will it cause fierce opposition from Beiyang?" It is not yet time for a full-scale civil war. ”
"The city is left to Beiyang, and we only need the countryside." Chai Qingguo expressed the views of most of his comrades, which caused a burst of laughter.
"The cities of Shandong can't be left to Beiyang, Shandong is a good place. There is an iron ore mine in Zhangdian, Zibo. Chen Ke replied. Zhang Dian made a deep impression on Chen Ke, and that was a serious failure in his life. Just a stone's throw away from victory, Chen Ke collapsed just before dawn. The failure to supply air separation equipment to a steel plant taught Chen Ke a lot about high-pressure pipe and air separation, as well as welding and welding worker training. These concepts have been practiced and applied in the construction of many steel plants in the base area.
No one in the central government questioned Chen Ke, Chen Ke said that there was iron ore in Zhangdian, and everyone firmly believed that there was iron ore in Zhangdian. If Chen Ke said that there was a gold mine in Zhangdian, the comrades would also follow Chen Ke to mine gold with confidence. Moreover, the comrades have experienced several years of industrialization, and they have followed Chen Ke to become impregnated with the general attitude of some guys with chemical backgrounds towards precious metals. For ordinary life, steel is far more useful than gold.
Chai Qingguozhi smiled proudly: "We have a lot of good things in Shandong. ”
"Shandong is indeed very good in industry, and agriculture is also very good. After greening a variety of trees, Shandong can also plant mulberry and silkworms on a large scale, and silkworms can be raised in northern Shandong. Chen Ke added.
So under the guidance of these two people, the original war meeting became a construction planning meeting. This is also a "crooked tradition" of the People's Party, and everyone believes that war and construction are inherently one and the same. While relying on the army to solve the problem of the reactionaries, the army must work together with the people to carry out construction.
Land reform was carried out together with land planning and basic water conservancy construction, the animal husbandry and textile industry were combined with women's emancipation, and compulsory education and a medical system dominated by barefoot doctors were carried out together with the construction of grassroots organizations. Urbanization is combined with railways, highways, and logistics. This is the crystallization of the People's Party's extensive work practice over the past few years.
These seemingly complete constructions also involve the establishment of combat troops, engineering troops, railway troops, and local construction corps, as well as teachers, government personnel, scientific and technological personnel, and political propaganda personnel. And so on and so forth.
Most importantly, there is the establishment and revision of a series of evaluation systems.
In the past, Chen Ke had to take on these tasks alone, but by 1914, a large number of comrades had already undertaken these tasks. While the organization of the People's Party has expanded rapidly, its efficiency has also increased rapidly.
The discussion did not expand indefinitely, and once the level of construction to be carried out in the short term was determined, the scope of the struggle against the enemy would have a basic idea. This basic line of thought is no different from the consistent line of the People's Party, which is to "liberate Shandong, build Shandong, and stabilize Shandong."
"The Japanese invading forces must be eliminated and driven out of their base areas. If the Beiyang government commits acts of betrayal, we must eliminate these traitors, traitors, and traitors. By the time the comrades arrived, they already knew that it was not too difficult to defeat Beiyang, that it was the most difficult to build China, and that the people's revolution was the most difficult. There must be comrades who believe that when we enter the vast parts of China and work hard to carry out land reform, education, and construction village by village, we can directly defeat and kill all these enemies in Beiyang compared with these labors. Isn't the revolution a success? Once again, I would like to stress that the purpose of the people's revolution, the communist revolution, is to free and liberate all people. It is not only liberated from the hands of the oppressors and exploiters, but also the real liberation of the self. Therefore, going to the grassroots and the people to promote the people to get a better life and let the people truly understand the world is the easiest and fastest way. The end of this road is still far away, but the road is tortuous, and the future is bright! ”
After Chen Ke's words were finished, the comrades of the Central Committee only nodded or smiled bitterly. Everyone has worked hard from the grassroots level, and in front of everyone, there is Chen Ke, the "leader", who constantly reveals the true face of the world to the comrades. When you think about the hardships you have to face, no one feels lighthearted.
"Then everyone began to organize the personnel to enter Shandong, and at the same time told the comrades on the front line to strike hard at the Japanese army. Defensive operations, our reinforcements began to set off immediately. Chen Ke gave the order.
In fact, without Chen Ke's order, the fighting near Qingdao showed no signs of stopping. The Japanese troops who landed at the Yangkou of Laoshan were subjected to terrible harassment on a daily basis. If the first two days were still bloody, from the night of the third day onwards, the BJP's tactics changed dramatically. Almost every night, huge fireworks are raised into the sky, and along with the fireworks, there are all kinds of disturbance measures.
The People's Party used reconnaissance aircraft during the day to monitor Japanese movements. At night, the Air Force was used to drop specially made bombs on the Japanese camp. The lethality of this bomb is limited, that is, the explosion is very loud. The Japanese did not know where the bombs came from at first, but the sound of a loud explosion every hour or two at night made it difficult for the Japanese to sleep peacefully.
If you don't sleep well at night, there will naturally be a lot of problems in the daytime battle. At least the Japanese troops reached Laoshan from the nearby high ground at night, expecting to be the first to form a new ambush position, and the People's Party was quite wary of this, and small forces on both sides often fought in battle. In such an engagement, it was difficult for the Japanese army to gain an advantage at all.
Every time the Sendai Division at Yangkou of Laoshan made up its mind to attack Qingdao with the whole army, the harassment of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army made it impossible for the commander of the Sendai Division to make up his mind to carry out military operations regardless of the way back. According to the information they received, in the north of Qingdao, a large number of troops of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army were stationed. They were neither all dropped into the Qingdao fortress, nor into the range of the naval guns. The army waited there quietly. And if the Sendai division is desperate to move forward, it is an accurate description of the words "self-throwing into the net". As a last resort, the Sendai Division had to endure constant harassment and engage in endless skirmishes with the People's Party every day.
Compared with the pain of the Sendai Division, the Kyushu Division is much more painful. The Kyushu Division is composed of miners, and it has an unwavering and indomitable temperament. Even solid veins can be dug up, and there is no reason to fear the enemy.
When this unit fought against the People's Party harassing troops, it became more calm and more stable. This also has something to do with the relatively gentle terrain. The commander of the Kyushu Division was not a reckless person, and he submitted an application to the coalition command whether it would be carried out according to the original plan. Before the reply arrived, the order to urge him to attack had arrived. After all, the Kyushu Division had stopped at the landing position at Longkou for two days, and during these two days, the Kyushu Division had not encountered any enemies and had not fought any battles.
Disobeying military orders is a very serious crime, and waiting for two days has reached the limit of the waiting ability of the commander of the Kyushu Division. With great reluctance, the division commander ordered the troops to start setting off according to the original plan. The two brigades were divided into two groups, front and rear, and began to move south. The Japanese troops, who had suffered a severe blow immediately after the landing, were responsible for remaining on the beachhead on the shore.
Beginning on September 26, the Kyushu Division on the march was not harassed in any way, and the troops marched in an orderly manner. By September 28, the second half of the Japanese army had marched to the area between Pingdu and Ye County.
After studying the battle situation, Pu Guanshui, commander of the Qingdao Military Division, sent a division of troops to meet the Japanese troops who landed at Longkou. The two divisions of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army had 40,000 men, and the Kyushu Division on the opposite side was left in Japan with some of its personnel remaining in Japan, some of them were wounded, and they were guarding the landing area. The real strength of the two brigades is only 18,000 men. The front command of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army drew up an operational plan for the encirclement and annihilation of the Kyushu Division.
"After these days of fighting, we have determined that the tactical level of the Japanese army is still at the level of the Russo-Japanese War. Charges are in squads. The combat efficiency is much lower than that of our army. Could we consider adopting the model of a large encirclement? ”
The so-called large encirclement refers to a continuous encirclement, the art of war cloud "so use the law of war, ten to encircle, five to attack, double to fight, the enemy can be divided, less can escape, if not, can be avoided." Therefore, the small enemy is strong, and the big enemy is also captured. ”
The military schools of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army have special translations for this. The principle applied in actual combat is: If we are ten times as strong as the enemy, we will encircle and annihilate, if we are five times as strong as the enemy, we will attack, if we are twice as strong as the enemy, we will strive to defeat the enemy's army, and if we are evenly matched, we will try to disperse and destroy each enemy. If the force is weaker than the enemy, avoid fighting. Therefore, if the weaker side fights to hold on, it will become a prisoner of the strong enemy.
Immediately, a comrade put forward an opinion, "The gap between the forces of the two sides is limited, we are only twice as large as the enemy, and if the encirclement and annihilation battle is carried out, then the troops from Qingdao and even Yangkou must join together." Moreover, the Japanese army attacked in two directions, and in fact made the mistake of dividing the troops. If the evenly matched, try to disperse each of them. With the current situation, the troops in Yangkou did not need to leave a whole division at all, as long as they left a regiment to contain the enemy. Even if the enemy is not contained, Qingdao can be held by two regiments at the moment. As long as we annihilate the Japanese army at Longkou Road with four times the strength, and we return to Qingdao, the enemy will not be scared away, but will also be annihilated. ”
"That's right, lure the enemy deep and fight a war of annihilation with superior forces." There are many comrades who agree with this point of view.
The two division commanders of the front-line command also fully agreed, "Then we will send a report to Commander Pu." ”
It took less than 30 minutes for Puguan Water to return the electricity. "The advice of the comrades is very good, and I have ordered the troops of Qingdao and Yangkou to set off on your side. I myself stayed in Qingdao to command the battle, and the front line set up a front-line command. It is now ordered that the front-line command quickly set up a traffic station to receive the rear troops. And is responsible for the implementation of the campaign. ”
The comrades at the front were very grateful to Pu Guanshui for his policy of letting go, but they did not dare to throw Pu Guanshui and the two regiments in Qingdao. The situation of the battle is unpredictable, and even if there are four times the strength of the Japanese army, it does not mean that it will be an easy victory. In case the Japanese army went crazy and the Sendai Division recklessly attacked Qingdao and annihilated the Kyushu Division, but lost Qingdao and Pu Guanshui, the commander of the military division, this is not an ordinary responsibility.
The comrades immediately sent a telegram over, "I would like to ask Commander Pu to personally direct the battle." ”
Pu Guanshui's call back was simple, "Don't talk nonsense. How you fight, I will fight in command. While directing the battle, I also had to worry about the Qingdao fortress. So I stayed in the Qingdao fortress to command the battle, don't the comrades have confidence in me? And if I go to you to direct the battle, what will the comrades in Qingdao feel if they can't see me? I am sure that the comrades will win, and I also ask the comrades to believe that I will not lose the Qingdao fortress. The only suggestion is that comrades fight as they should. Don't worry, don't worry about Qingdao. ”
With this telegram from Pu Guanshui, the comrades on the Longkou side also breathed a sigh of relief. Puguanshui can sit in Qingdao, and everyone is indeed relieved. It is also impossible for the comrades to send people to Qingdao to forcibly tie Puguanshui to the Longkou front.
After the operational objectives of the war of annihilation were determined, all operations were carried out in accordance with the education received in the military academy. The terrain has been surveyed on the spot for a long time, and after rectification, even a bad confidant can do it. In terms of knowing the enemy, the Japanese army's firepower configuration was determined through intelligence from the mouths of Japanese prisoners of war. With the "Chen Ke Dynamic Battle Equation", that is, the Lanchester equation copied by Chen Ke, the results of several deductions were that the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army was able to win a big victory.
However, the comrades of the front-line command were not satisfied, and countless incidents have proved that after the victory of the battle, the "Chen Ke dynamic battle equation" can indeed be used to explain the battle, but the enemy situation before the battle is unknown, which often makes the guess results extremely skewed. This is not only about underestimating the enemy, but also about overestimating the enemy's results, which will also result in a great waste of combat power. The more they learned about the war, the more they realized that this is a world that cannot be perfected. The battlefield is more practical than anywhere else, and if you can't focus on this moment of the moment, instead of dealing with the problems at hand, and pursue ethereal perfection and victory, not only will these ridiculous goals not be achieved, but you will definitely pay a terrible price in life.
The plan for the Great Encirclement was revised to a dynamic encirclement war, after all, nearly half of the troops were still on the way. All-round defense is cut down to key defense. The enemy will never be allowed to break through. After the deployment of troops was completed according to the development of the war situation at that time, the final war of annihilation began.
Dozens and hundreds of calculations crackled in the computing department, and the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army did not have the rich experience of the People's Liberation Army, so it could only rely on a more thorough system of calculations and science to summarize it. On the other hand, as the enemy of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, the Kyushu Division continued to march with tenacity.
Naturally, the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army could not let the Kyushu Division move so easily, and the attacking troops from all directions began to be dispatched. Strive to block the movement of the Kyushu Division, and at the same time collect various information of the Kyushu Division.
When the commander of the Kyushu Division saw the reconnaissance planes of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army flying in the sky, he felt a burst of anger in his heart. During the landing battle a few days ago, several reconnaissance planes took off from the Japanese flying carriers, all of which were shot down by the air force of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army. The Army's reconnaissance balloons were all shot down, and the members of the balloons were either killed or injured. When the navy found the commander of the Kyushu Division and shouted, the division commander also held a sigh of resentment in his heart.
"It would be nice when the ships of the Navy could also carry a large number of combat aircraft." The division commander thought with a summary and a pioneering idea. The time in history when aircraft on warships is far from the 30s. As early as the beginning of the 20th century, after the invention of the airplane, the idea and practice of various aircraft on ships appeared. It's just that the overall idea of aircraft carrier operations has long been proposed, and only practical work began to mature in the 30s.
But when you think about it, the division commander himself does not have an overall idea, let alone the knowledge of building aircraft carriers. He could only look at it.
However, the plane in the sky had no intention of retreating after a reconnaissance, and the plane quickly broke away from some small black spots and fell in the direction of the dense cavalry of the division commander. The commander of the Kyushu Division didn't understand what was going on for a while. He also tilted his neck and continued to look at the sky with his binoculars. I saw that the small black dots dropped by the four-plane formation of the Air Force of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army expanded violently, and as the small black dots landed near the division commander who was densely populated with horses, violent explosions occurred one after another. The division commander felt a burning sensation in his chest, looked down, and saw the tail of a piece of shrapnel exposed outside his military uniform. In the next moment, something hit the head of the division. In the vertigo, the colors of the whole world quickly disappeared from the field of vision of the commander of the Kyushu Division.
It is impossible for the Air Force to observe the results of the battle, and while carrying out reconnaissance, it pulls the handle of the bomb dropper to drop bombs on the enemy's suspicious targets and drops bombs on the enemy's dense formation. After the bombs were dropped, they quickly increased their flight altitude, and recently the Japanese saw the planes of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army firing with rifles. The anti-fuel tank that Chairman Chen Ke shot was covered with a layer of rubber on the outside of the fuel tank. If it is concentrated by the rifle bullet, the rubber will automatically shrink, plugging the hole and preventing oil leakage to the greatest extent. However, there are two side effects of this thing, one is to greatly increase the weight of the plane, and the other is that it is really hit, and it is not easy to know. Although the plane was never blown up by the Japanese volley, there were many incidents of plane failures and crashes afterwards. Air Force pilots are troops with a tradition of fearlessness, but that doesn't mean everyone wants to be embarrassed. After dropping the bomb, the plane took advantage of the loss of its own weight, accelerated its climb, and headed towards the airfield.
The commander of the Japanese Kyushu Division was killed, and most of the casualties in the division headquarters greatly affected the battle behind the Kyushu Division. The two brigade commanders fought almost separately. The encirclement and annihilation war was carried out extremely smoothly. The Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army gave full play to its superiority in firepower and numbers, and completely annihilated the Japanese Kyushu Division in two days with the help of rocket artillery.
It was not until the interrogation of prisoners of war after the war that the Air Force realized that they had made a great contribution to killing the commander of the Japanese Kyushu Division. At the ensuing discussion meeting, Air Force Commander Commander Hai Mengqi admonished the comrades, "We are just beating rabbits with grass, and what we have earned is what we have earned." In the future, comrades, do not take this exploit of killing the commander of the enemy's division to heart, and you can't let it go. That's just a burden. It's over, so forget about it right away. The reason why there are such results is because everyone follows the rules and observes carefully. However, no matter how carefully observed, it is impossible to distinguish the position of the enemy's division commander. So observe carefully and be detailed enough. Hitting rabbits with grass is not for everyone to wait for rabbits, too much, not fine enough or too fine is the most inefficient. Finally, I would like to congratulate my comrades once again on such a successful achievement! And I wish the comrades greater achievements. Thank you! ”
Because of the great losses of the troops, Squadron Leader Xiong Benlang, who was forced to stay at the Longkou landing ground, was a blessing in disguise and did not follow the division. After the remnants of the escaped soldiers returned to report the news of the annihilation of the Kyushu Division, Squadron Leader Kumato was ordered to "pick up" the Kyushu Division.
The trembling Kumamoto squadron arrived at the battlefield, which was 20 kilometers long and 5 kilometers wide, and a dozen huge mounds were piled up on the battlefield densely covered with craters, blood, some human stumps and fragments of weapons, and in front of the mounds stood a simple wooden monument "Collective Cemetery of the War Dead of the Japanese Sixth Division". Each mound is four or five people high, tens of meters square. Squadron Leader Kumamoto looked at the empty battlefield, and he couldn't believe that his comrades-in-arms who had been talking with him a few days ago were buried under these large mounds.
Squadron Leader Kumamoto ordered someone to shovel a kick of the mound while on guard. It didn't take long for the subordinates who shoveled the soil to scream. Squadron Leader Kumamoto walked to the edge of the mound, and the corpses of Japanese soldiers were exposed under the not too thin mound, "Keep digging!" Xiong Lang said.
After digging for several meters, the soldiers were weak in their hands and feet and unable to swing their shovels because of fear and sadness, and they sat on the ground and wept bitterly. Even those soldiers who did not have such a gaffe stared at everything in front of them. Xiong Jinlang looked at the corpses of Japanese soldiers that were superimposed on more than a dozen layers in front of him. He looked at the other dozen or so large mounds on the side of the road for a long time, and he couldn't hold back any longer, holding his head and howling.