National style, Wei style

"Wei Feng" is a folk song in the territory of Wei, with a total of 7 songs. Wei is a small country surnamed Ji in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, and the site is probably in today's Ruicheng, Shanxi. During the Spring and Autumn Period, in 661 BC, the Wei State was destroyed by the Jin Xian Gong, who gave the land of the Wei State to the Jin minister Bi Wan. After Bi Wan's death, his descendants called themselves Wei according to their fiefdoms, and Wei also became the ancestor of Wei among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period. The Wei State in "Wei Feng" refers to the ancient Wei State in the Spring and Autumn Period, not the Wei State in the later Warring States Period.

During the Spring and Autumn period, the ancient Wei state was adjacent to the Jin state, and at the beginning of the Spring and Autumn period, the Qin state expanded its territory to the east, occupying the hometown of Wangji in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the Wei state bordered the Qin state to the west, so it was often invaded by the Jin and Qin states. Under these circumstances, the rulers of the Wei state were both military expansionists and unwilling to restrain their luxurious lifestyles, so the common people in the country suffered heavy economic exploitation and military service burdens. Although there are not many extant Wei poems that we can see, the people's voice against exploitation and military service is very high. In addition, in "Wei Feng", we can also hear the sighs of some people of insight when they are worried about the country.

The 7 poems in "Wei Feng" are "Ge Yan", "Fen Fuhuan", "The Garden has a Peach", "Zhi Yuan", "Between Ten Mu", "Cutting Tan" and "Shuo Rat". Now, let's enjoy "Wei Feng"!

Ge屦 (jù): The hateful hostess

The seamstress was disgruntled by her hostess's mistreatment and had nowhere to vent, so she wrote a poem to satirize it.

The weather had turned cold, but she still wore summer sandals on her feet. The hostess was abusive and stingy with her, causing her not only to suffer from cold, but also to starve so often that her hands were slender and emaciated. Still, she had to sew new clothes for her hostess. I am still suffering from the cold, and the new clothes I have made not only cannot be worn on my body, but I also have to dress others to try them on, how miserable is this! The hostess was rich and arrogant, and after she put on the new clothes that the sewing girl had worked so hard to sew, she didn't even look at her, and pretended to pick up the hairpin and dress herself up, which made the sewing girl even more indignant and even intolerable.

How can this pair of summer torn sandals on your feet walk on the frost all over the ground? Pity my slender and thin hands, how can I sew clothes for others? When he was done, he had to carry the collar of his coat and wait for the hostess to try on the new clothes.

The hostess felt very comfortable after trying it on, but she turned to the left and ignored me at all, and took care of wearing an ivory hairpin on her head. It is precisely because this woman is narrow-hearted and bad that I want to write a poem to stab her severely.

"Fen Frustration": A love song for working people

Fenshui is the Fen River, the second largest tributary of the Yellow River. Both sides of the Fenshui River are the birthplace of Chinese civilization and have given birth to a splendid and profound national culture. Generation after generation of working people on both sides of the Fenshui River have inherited the history of a nation with their hard work. "Beautiful as Jade" praises the thrift, industriousness, beautiful character and noble sentiment of self-reliance of the working people, and "how can the public family compare" satirizes the parasite face of the low-quality, idle elite and powerful.

An infatuated woman, no matter what work she does, no matter what time and place, she always misses the person she likes, which can be seen how deep her love is. In the eyes of the woman, the man was as beautiful as a blooming flower, radiant and jade-like. The status of men in this woman's mind is beyond the reach of those high-ranking officials and nobles such as "highways", "public banks", and "public families".

So the woman sang a hymn of praise affectionately:

In the low wetland of Fenshui, I am happy to come here. Look at the person I like, handsome and beautiful. Handsome and chic, the beauty is incomparable, how can the highway be compared.

Next to the Fenshui River, come here to pick mulberry and be happy. Look at the person I like, like flowers blooming towards me. If flowers are placed at me, how can the public bank compare.

At the bend of the Fenshui, come here to pick the heart and be happy. Look at the person I like, the appearance is as beautiful as jade. The appearance is as beautiful as jade, how can the clan compare.

"There are peaches in the garden": It's really boring that no one understands

A scholar who was not satisfied with his Wei state, where no one knew him, and others often accused him of being arrogant and capricious. Therefore, when he was angry and had nowhere to send, he had to sing and cry and talk about **. In the end, in the helpless situation, I can only ignore everything and no longer worry about thinking.

The fruits of the peach and jujube trees are still edible, delicious and satisfying, but he is useless, and he cannot contribute his talents to be a useful person, which makes him always depressed. He couldn't get rid of the anguish in his heart, so he could only sing loudly. He chose to leave the city where he lived for a while, and to take a look elsewhere. Maybe it's to relieve your sorrows, or maybe you want to find a way out, at least to change this unpleasant environment. In the eyes of this scholar, it is probably "the whole world is drunk and I am sober", because his thoughts, his worries, especially his behavior, others cannot understand at all, so it has caused a lot of misunderstandings, and he can only sometimes sing long songs, sometimes wandering freely. He felt very aggrieved, but he was helpless because he couldn't confess his heart. "Could it be that they are right, what should I do?" was a pain and contradiction in the hearts of the scholars that no one could understand.

He regarded himself as a man of insight, confident that what he was thinking and doing was right, and therefore he was sad that he had no confidant in the world, so he showed a deep sense of loneliness. In fact, his expectations are not high, he just wants the world to understand him. However, there is not even the slightest hope for this basic requirement.

What else could he do? I can only comfort myself without thinking about it:

The peach trees in the garden are strong, and the peaches are fresh and can be tasted. I was really sad in my heart, so I sang it out loud. Some people don't know about me, saying that I am arrogant and arrogant. Was that person right or wrong? What do you say I should do? My heart is so sad, who else can understand me? Who else can understand me, so why bother thinking about it?

The jujube trees in the garden are straight, and the jujubes are sweet and edible. I was really depressed, so I walked out of the city. Some people don't know about me, saying that I am a changeable person. Was that person right or wrong? What do you say I should do? My heart is so sad, who else can understand me? Who else can understand me, so why bother thinking about it?

"陟岵" (hù): The ancestor of the poetry of the eternal detention service

As the saying goes: you can be angelica when you look at it from afar, and you can cry when you sing a long song. Conscripts who serve in distant hometowns will not climb to the heights of their hometowns if they do not particularly miss their relatives. And this recruit, climbing a high hill, looking at his father, mother, and brother from afar, this sincere emotion is really moving. He even entered such a fantasy: when he ascended to the heights to think of his relatives, the relatives in his hometown were also thinking about himself at this moment, and the instructions and exhortations of his relatives to be considerate of hardships, remind prudence, and wish peace sounded in his ears. This is not a subjective and deliberate thought, but a natural expression of the depths of his feelings. In this imagination of relatives missing themselves, there are many sighs, how many exhortations, how many hopes, how many expectations, how much love, and how many comforts. The person who travels in custody thinks of his relatives.

Listen carefully, my father told him not to stay in a foreign country forever, this tone is heavy, but it still does not lose my father's spaciousness; The mother told her youngest son not to abandon his mother, showing the inseparable mother-son relationship; and his brother, who bluntly prayed that his brother's bones would not be buried in another country, although this was blurted out, but it showed a strong brotherly affection, showing the love and cherishing of young life.

Recruit people to climb high and sing:

Climb on the verdant hill and look at my father from afar. I heard my father say to me, "My son is busy with work, and I'm really nervous that I don't stop morning and night." But you have to be careful of your body, don't stay far away when you return. ”

Climb the barren hill and look at my mother from afar. It seems that my mother said to me: "My children are busy with labor, and they don't sleep well day and night." But you have to be careful of your body, don't forget your mother when you return. ”

Climb up that hill and look at my brother from afar. I heard my brother say to me, "My brother is busy with his work, day and night. But you have to be careful of your body, don't die when you return. ”

"Between Ten Acres": Mulberry Garden Late Return

The terrain of the ancient Wei State was relatively barren, so most of the common people were poor and frugal. However, the Chinese ancestors were industrious and optimistic, they lived in a fresh and idyllic countryside, and enjoyed the happiness brought to them by labor.

As the sun sets, the twilight is getting heavier, the cattle and sheep return to the pen, and the smoke rises everywhere. The setting sun shines through the green mulberry leaves into a large mulberry garden. After a busy day, the mulberry picker is ready to go home. Suddenly, a voice calling for companions sounded in the mulberry garden. They gradually walked away, but the laughter and singing seemed to be still lingering in the mulberry field, what a good picture of the late return of the mulberry garden! Laughter and laughter are a relaxed and soothing respite after intense labor, and a satisfied and pleasant sigh in the face of the fruits of a day's labor.

This kind of life is really enviable:

Ten acres of fields are mulberry orchards, and mulberry pickers are really leisurely. Let's go, return home with you!

Outside the ten acres of fields is a mulberry forest, and the mulberry pickers are smiling. Let's go, hand in hand with you!