Cairo (English: Cairo; Arabic:??????????? It is the capital and largest city of Egypt and the largest city in North Africa and the Arab world, straddling the Nile River and serving as the political, economic and transportation center of the entire Middle East.

Cairo consists of the provinces of Cairo, Giza, and Qalyub, and the city of Greater Cairo. With a population of approximately 7,899,000 (January 2006), Greater Cairo is one of the oldest cities in the world. Cairo is one of the few ancient cities in the world that has suffered the least amount of war, and has been built and expanded by successive dynasties and governments to form the great city it is today.

Today, Cairo has a population of 8 million, of which 2 million are migrants, who come from around Cairo and all over the country to live temporarily, go to school, do business and work.

Cairo is located in the north of Egypt, is the mouth of the Nile River into the Mediterranean Sea, most of the cities in Egypt were formed along the Nile, the ancient economy and transportation benefited from this African mother river, Cairo City has the longest history. Most of Cairo has a subtropical desert climate.

The ancient Egyptians called Cairo "Mother of Cities", and the Arabs called Cairo "Kahelen", which means conqueror or victor. The Nile, the world's most famous river, flows through the city, divides into two branches, continues north, and flows into the Mediterranean Sea, which separates Europe and Africa, forming the vast and rich Nile Delta. Tongdu Dayi Cairo, just south of this delta. Cairo is located at the transportation hub of Europe, Asia and Africa, and people of all colors can be seen walking through the streets. Locals, wide robes and large sleeves, like an ancient style. In some neighborhoods, you can occasionally see village girls grazing on donkeys, which is a novelty. It may be a microcosm of old Cairo or a remnant of ancient Cairo, but it doesn't hurt, the wheel of history still carries this famous city towards a more modern path. The country's major highways and railways meet here, and it is convenient to travel with major cities in China, and at the same time, it is close to the Nile River, which is the main water transportation route.

In Cairo, the ubiquitous building is the minaret. In Arabic, the minaret is called "Minar", which refers to the place where the muezzin stands and calls people to prayer. Since the 7th century, with the widespread spread of Islam in West Asia and North Africa, the art of mosque architecture has continued to develop, and the minaret has evolved into a variety of different styles, becoming an indispensable part of mosque architecture and a major highlight of Cairo's urban area.

Cairo, a world-famous city with a continuous history of 5,000 years, is also the largest city in North Africa and the Middle East. The Islamic history of Cairo began in 642 AD, ten years after the conversion of the Prophet Muhammad, under the name of Furstad, when disciplined Arab armies entered the ancient African city and built the first mosque, the Amr Mosque. In 969 A.D., the Fatima of Islam Khalifa Muiz sent his army to conquer the ancient city, renamed it Cairo, and the Fatima moved its capital to begin large-scale construction, many of which are still intact today.

For 1,400 years, Cairo has been the political and cultural center of the Islamic world, and any invader must respect the Islamic culture and feelings there in order to exist, therefore, Cairo is one of the best preserved cities of ancient Islamic culture and architecture, and the representative buildings and mosques of the past generations have been maintained and protected by the rulers. For example, the Al-Azhar Grand Mosque, built in 970 AD, still retains its original majestic style, with a wide courtyard, surrounded by halls, 13 high platforms, 9 gates, and 5 high minarets, with a strong North African and ancient Arab-Islamic style. The mosque was founded as an academic institution for Islamic studies and education, and later developed into the world's largest Islamic university, Al-Azhar University. The university has developed into the world's largest Islamic institution of higher learning, accommodating hundreds of thousands of students, and the university is most proud of its library, which has been growing in Cairo for more than a thousand years without serious damage or destruction, and is the world's largest repository of Islamic knowledge and culture.

Cairo is known as the "Thousand Towers of Ancient Cairo" (English: Cairo; Arabic:??????????? ), the capital and largest city of Egypt and the largest city in North Africa and the Arab world, straddling the Nile River, is the political, economic and transportation center of the entire Middle East.

Cairo consists of the provinces of Cairo, Giza, and Qalyub, and the city of Greater Cairo. With a population of approximately 7,899,000 (January 2006), Greater Cairo is one of the oldest cities in the world. Cairo is one of the few ancient cities in the world that has suffered the least amount of war, and has been built and expanded by successive dynasties and governments to form the great city it is today.

Cairo is located in the north of Egypt, is the Nile River into the Mediterranean Sea estuary, most of the cities in Egypt are formed along the Nile, the ancient economy and transportation benefited from this African mother river, the historical city of Cairo City "famous, this "tower" is the minaret of the mosque, also known as the Moon Tower, because there are more than 800 mosques in the city, built in different periods and eras, therefore, the architectural form and the minaret attached to the mosque also represent the cultural characteristics of different dynasties. According to the statistics of historians and the urban planning bureau, there are 622 historical monuments and famous ancient buildings in the city, all of which are related to ancient Islamic culture, palace monasteries and ancient cultural and educational buildings. In addition to the Amur Mosque and Al-Azhar Mosque, there are also Saeed Zainab Mosque, Hussein Mosque, Sultan Hassan Mosque, Muhammad Ali Mosque, all of which belong to the world's rare cultural relics.

The entire city of Cairo is a veritable Islamic museum, with architectural symbols and art pieces from Islamic dynasties displayed everywhere on the city's roadsides, such as Khan, a must-see place for tourists. El Khalili's market remains as it was 500 years ago. There, one can see the most traditional handicraft workshops in the Middle East, such as copperware, ironware, gold and silver jewelry and ornaments, stained glass, weaving, leather goods, and carpets from various parts of the Islamic world. The masters and apprentices in the workshops still teach their skills and make handicrafts in old ancient traditions, which are sold on the spot and traded for cash.

The formation of Cairo can be traced back to about 3,000 BC during the Old Kingdom, and as the capital, it has a history of more than 1,000 years. In the Middle Ages, it was a military fortress of the Byzantine Empire.

Cairo was formerly known as the city of Fustat, which was founded by the Arabs in 641. In 969, an Islamic invasion from Tunisia founded a new rectangular city in the north of the city, Mansuriyeh. In 973~974, Fatimid Harrow made his capital here and renamed Cairo (Arabic for victory). It was extended in 1179 during the Saladine dynasty.

The Fatimids, who had ruled Egypt for more than 200 years, were replaced by the Ayyubids in 1169 AD, the Mamluk dynasty was established in Egypt in 1260, and in 1517, the Turks rose up in Asia Minor, established a militarily powerful Ottoman Empire, and occupied Egypt until the Westerners invaded it in the 18th century. These Islamic dynasties have left Cairo with a lasting legacy of historical relics and cultural construction. At the end of the eighteenth century, the Ottoman Empire began to decline, and the invasion of Egypt in 1798 by an invading army led by King Napoleon of France marked the beginning of Western aggression and colonization of the Islamic world. The French invaders were driven out of Egypt in 1801 by the Egyptian people, led by Mohammed Ali, but in 1867, the emerging European industrial power, Britain, invaded Cairo with a more powerful army, making Egypt a British colony until 1953, when it was completely withdrawn because of the decline of the British Empire. The United States, which was raised after the war, entered Egypt along the old path of old colonialism and carried out political, economic and cultural aggression. Cairo was the bridgehead for all these invaders.

Since 1260, it has become the capital of the Mamluk Dynasty, and a large number of buildings have been built, some of which have been preserved to this day, becoming a valuable cultural heritage of the Egyptian people. Cairo reached its peak in the middle of the 14th century. When the Turks invaded in 1517, Cairo became the provincial capital and began to decline. In 1805, the capital of the Muhammad Ali dynasty was established here. Modern urban construction began in the thirties of the 19th century. Ismail ordered the construction of a new European-style city west of the old medieval city, westernizing Cairo.

Since the 20th century, the population has exploded, urban areas have expanded rapidly, and industry, commerce, finance, and transportation have also developed rapidly. In the Second Middle East War in 1956, Israel, together with Britain and France, launched an armed aggression against Egypt, which caused serious damage to Cairo. After renovations, Cairo was revitalized.