The Tao cannot be left for a moment, but it is not the Tao that can be departed. Therefore a gentleman should be careful where no one is looking, and fear and awe where no one can hear. When hidden, it will also be discovered, and the subtleties will also be obvious, so a gentleman should be cautious when he is alone. Self-education runs through a person's life, and people can't do without self-education for a moment. To educate oneself throughout the entire process of life, it is necessary to have a strong ability of self-discipline and self-supervision. This ability is called Shendu.

Emotions of joy, anger and sorrow are not expressed, which is called medium; It is revealed but in harmony with the law, which is called harmony. This reveals the goals of self-education, self-discipline, and self-supervision. China is the most fundamental law in the world, and harmony is the law that the world follows. This points to the great significance of the goal of self-education. When neutrality is achieved, heaven and earth return to their place, and all things grow and develop. This is the praise of the immeasurable merits after achieving the ideal goal of self-education, that is, the effect of having the virtues of supreme benevolence, supreme goodness, supreme sincerity, supreme way, supreme virtue, and supreme holiness. Neutralization is the realization of self-worth, and achieving neutrality is the embodiment of social value.

The theoretical basis of the golden mean is the unity of nature and man. The true meaning of the unity of heaven and man is to be united in sincerity and goodness, and when neutralization is achieved, heaven and earth will return to their place, and all things will grow and develop. Only the most sincere people in the world can give full play to the nature of their talents, and only by giving full play to the nature of their talents can they give full play to the nature of all people, and only by giving full play to the nature of all people can they give full play to the nature of things, and only by giving full play to the nature of things can they help heaven and earth nurture all things, and can they be placed side by side with heaven and earth. Juxtaposed with heaven and earth is the unity of heaven and man.

The way of heaven is sincerity, and humanity is the pursuit of sincerity. This is to use the way of heaven to enlighten the world, and to do the best humanity comes from the harmony of the way of heaven, that is, to require humanity to coincide with the way of heaven. The purpose of the unity of heaven and humanity is to unite nature and human nature. Nature is the most good, sincere, benevolent, and true, and human nature should also be the supreme good, sincere, benevolent, and true. Only by enabling human nature to achieve the nature of perfection, sincerity, benevolence, and truthfulness can we be called the unity of heaven and man in the true sense, can we create the outline of the world, establish the foundation of the world, understand the truth of heaven and earth to cultivate all things, and achieve the golden mean.

People's joys, sorrows and sorrows are the natural attributes of human beings, is the manifestation of emotions, in order to pursue the best and the best, sincere, benevolent, and true human nature that is one with heaven and nature, so it is necessary to restrain and limit the emotions, so "The Mean" says: The emotions of joy, anger and sorrow are not revealed, which is called the middle. It is revealed but in harmony with the law, which is called harmony. Only by achieving neutrality can man and nature be one.

The way of the gentleman is fundamentally in itself, and it has been verified by the people of Limin, and it has been examined that the three generations of kings have not shown mistakes, and there is no place for paradoxes between heaven and earth, and there is no suspicious place for asking ghosts and gods, and there is no confusion when the saint arrives after a hundred generations. There is nothing suspicious about the ghosts and gods, this is to understand the heavens, and when the saints come after a hundred generations, they will not be confused, this is to understand the people. Therefore, the actions of a gentleman can become the law of the world from generation to generation, the behavior of a gentleman can become the law of the world from generation to generation, and the words of a gentleman can become the standard of the world from generation to generation. Ask questions to the ghosts and gods until there are no more doubts, even if you know the heavens; There will be no doubt that the saint will come out after a hundred generations, even if he knows someone. Illustrating the golden mean, the heavens in the unity of heaven and man include ghosts and gods, and humans include saints.

Sincerity is to fulfill oneself. The Tao is to guide oneself. Sincerity runs through all things, and without sincerity there is no everything. Therefore, a gentleman values sincerity very preciously. Sincerity is not only the completion of oneself, but also the perfection of all things. Perfecting oneself is righteousness, and perfecting all things is wisdom. It is a virtue that comes from nature, it is a combination of inner and outer paths, and therefore, it is suitable to be practiced at any time. Therefore, the unity of heaven and man in the golden mean, and the unity of sincerity. This kind of internal and external unity can also be regarded as the unity of moral consciousness and moral behavior, or the unity of oneself and heaven and earth, or the unity of knowledge and action.

The specific content of the golden mean mainly includes the Five Paths, the Three Virtues, and the Nine Classics. Wudadao mainly uses the golden mean to regulate the five kinds of interpersonal relationships. These five basic interpersonal relationships are the relationship between the monarch and the minister, the father and the son, the husband and wife, the brother and the friend, and the relationship between the monarch and the minister is regarded as the relationship between the upper and lower levels.

The regulation of the five types of interpersonal relationships mainly depends on the three dards. Sandade is wisdom, benevolence and courage. Wisdom, benevolence, and courage are common virtues in the world, which are used to regulate the relationship between upper and lower levels, fathers and sons, husbands and wives, brothers and friends. Wisdom, benevolence, and courage are cultivated by honesty and kindness, and strengthened by practice.

The Nine Classics are the nine specific tasks that the golden mean is used to govern the world and the country in order to achieve peace and harmony. These nine tasks are: self-cultivation, respect for the virtuous, love for relatives, respect for important ministers, sympathize with the ministers, love the people, exhort all kinds of craftsmen, give preferential treatment to guests from afar, and appease the princes. Cultivating oneself can achieve a beautiful personality; Respect people, and you will not be confused; If you love your relatives, there will be no resentment between your uncles and brothers; Respect the ministers, and the governance of political affairs will not be confused; Be sympathetic to the ministers, and the soldiers will do their best to repay them; If you love the people, they will be encouraged; exhort all kinds of craftsmen, and the goods will be sufficient; Give preferential treatment to guests from afar, and the Quartet will be obedient, appease the princes, and the world will be respected. To do a good job in these nine tasks, we must use sincerity, benevolence, and kindness to fully embody the beautiful personality of the mean. Doing a good job in these nine tasks will also handle and regulate interpersonal relationships. Regulating these nine kinds of interpersonal relations is an important guarantee for the world and the country to achieve peace and rational thinking.

To be modest, we must follow three principles. The first is to practice cautiously and independently, which requires people to adhere to self-education, self-supervision, and self-restraint in the process of self-cultivation; The second is loyalty and tolerance, which requires people to compare their hearts with each other, understand each other, care for each other, do not harm each other, be loyal and forgiving, act benevolently, and act in parallel without contradicting each other; The third is sincerity, the principle of sincerity and dedication is an important principle for the implementation of the golden mean.

The internal logic of the golden mean can be summarized into four aspects: "Shangzhong", "Shizhong", "Zhongzheng" and "Zhonghe". "Shangzhong" is the logical starting point of the mean, and its connotation is "don't do things in place, don't do too much"; "Time" is the intrinsic essence of the mean, and its basic connotation is to grasp and implement the principle in the dynamic; "Zhongzheng" is the normative norm of moderation, and its basic connotation is etiquette and righteousness; "Neutrality" is the ideal goal of moderation, and its connotation is the beauty of harmony between heaven and man. The idea of "Shangzhong" has existed since ancient times, and "Shizhong", "Zhongzheng" and "Zhonghe" are the development of Confucius's thought of "Shangzhong".

The Golden Mean is an important part of traditional Chinese culture, and it is an educational theoretical work by Confucianism that expounds the "golden mean" and puts forward the cultivation of human nature. The unity of nature and man, and the harmony of righteousness and peace in the idea of moderation have important enlightening and guiding significance for guiding the formation of correct values. The main idea of the golden mean is to educate people to consciously carry out self-cultivation, self-supervision, self-education, and self-improvement, and cultivate themselves into ideal personalities who have achieved the highest goodness, benevolence, sincerity, the highest way, the most virtuous, the most holy, and the ideal person who is in harmony with the outer and inner ways. The golden mean is the classical philosophy of the Chinese nation, which has extensively and profoundly influenced the development of Chinese history. Moderation, with too much as the core, the pursuit of moderation, punctuality, appropriateness, impartiality is appropriate, not in place, offside, lack of position is not appropriate.

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