Chapter 135: Increasing the tax and social security system
Todman soon announced the cancellation of China's Gengzi indemnity in conjunction with the East China Autonomous Political Axe, which immediately attracted the attention of various countries.
Does this mean that the East China Autonomous Axe has reached any agreement with Germany?
Subsequently, the East China Autonomous Political Axe announced again that it would no longer pay Gengzi indemnities to any country, and the news announced by the East China Autonomous Political Axe immediately caused an uproar.
In fact, Gengzi's compensation has been almost paid, only the last few accounts have not been settled, but it is pitifully small overall.
A number of States have sent notes of protest and some have expressed their support. The United States, for example, expressed support for China to stop paying the reparations, while Britain said it would sink, and Russia protested.
It's just that Russia has no follow-up after the protest, because they now need weapons for war against Germany, which needs to be purchased from the East China Autonomous Political Axe, which at this time has mastered the railway connecting with Russia, which is naturally the most convenient and fast country.
Britain said that it was silent, but it did not mean that Britain was willing, although the money was not much, but the terms were terms, which involved the authority of the British Empire, but also involved the dignity of China, so Britain did not express any opinions, but Britain was not in a hurry, as long as it was said that Ben defeated the East China Autonomous Axe on the Shandong battlefield, then everything can be owned again.
China's market, China's reparations!
All of this will come with the victory of Yuben in Shandong.
Therefore, Britain did not express its position, which is tantamount to temporarily indulging the East China Autonomous Political Axe, and the East China Autonomous Political Axe no longer uses the money from tariffs for reparations.
The East China Autonomous Political Axe Yue decided on the indemnity, and the Beiyang Political Axe, the nominal central political axe, naturally had to ask about it, Yuan Shikai called Xia Jun and asked what he meant.
Xia Jun said without taboo: "This year, our tariffs are nearly 400 million yuan, and they will inevitably soar to 500 million by the end of the year, or even higher. ”
"If you don't pay compensation to the foreigners, what if the foreigners settle accounts after the autumn?" Yuan Shikai asked worriedly, with a hint of authority in his words.
People who are about to become emperors naturally have some temper.
Xia Jun was very unhappy when he heard this, pouted and said: "Since Yuan Gong is so afraid, then tomorrow I will ask people to restore the compensation, and I will say that it is Yuan Gong's idea." ”
These words made Yuan Shikai stunned, and then he was speechless for a long time. If this kid really does that, his reputation Yuan Shikai will soon stink like a dung pit and be scolded by the people.
However, all the benefits were taken up by this kid, and if he didn't pay compensation, his status in the eyes of the people rose, and if he continued to pay compensation, his reputation Yuan Shikai would stink.
What the is this!
"If you don't pay, you won't pay." Yuan Shikai hung up the phone as he spoke, and Xia Jun also hung up the phone, but a faint smile appeared on his face.
Yuan Shikai wants to be the emperor, and now the public opinion circle in Yanjing is building momentum for Yuan Shikai! If he is the emperor, then death is not far away.
Xia Jun is waiting to see a good show!
Regarding the matter of Yuan Shikai's claim to be the emperor, Xia Jun watched from the wall, did not express any opinions, nor did he express any position, just waiting to see Yuan Shikai's jokes.
Yuan Shikai wanted to be the emperor at this time, but obviously he didn't take him Xia Jun seriously, after all, now the East China Army is so much stronger than the Beiyang Army, and a fool will be called the emperor.
But at this time, the East China Army and the Yue Army fought in Shandong, Yuan Shikai was full of confidence in Yue Ben, and all countries in the world were also full of confidence in Yue Ben, which was also the main reason why Yuan Shikai put him aside and was preparing to become emperor.
Yuan Shikai waited to see his defeat in Shandong, and Xia Jun was also waiting to see Yuan Shikai's dilemma after becoming emperor.
Beiyang and East China, which can sit down and negotiate on the surface, are actually waiting for each other's jokes, and they are also waiting for an opportunity.
Yuan Shikai waited for the defeat of the East China Autonomous Government and launched the unification war, and at this time he was not only busy ascending the throne, but also busy expanding his armaments.
Xia Jun waited for Yuan Shikai to become emperor, and then swallowed the territory of several provinces.
At this time, China's secession was basically determined, and apart from taking the knife against those border provinces with inconvenient transportation, it was no longer possible for the autonomous political axe in East China to expand its territory.
Because this is no longer the time of the Xinhai Revolution, you can fight as much territory as you want, and you need a reason to start a war now.
And what is needed is a valid reason, a reason to get the support of the people. Since Yuan Shikai wants to be the emperor, then he rode on the head of 40,000 compatriots, and Xia Jun has a legitimate reason to drag him down and beat him violently, and then take the opportunity to swallow several provinces.
According to the trend of history, the Protectorate War was a great opportunity for the East China Autonomous Government to expand its territory.
However, even if there is no Protectorate War, then the East China Autonomous Axe can still create various reasons to annex the surrounding provinces.
It's just to make it, it's relatively simple to create a reason for the people to support, and most of the time, Xia Jun only needs to get the support of the people in the seven provinces, and the people in other provinces also want to be included in the jurisdiction of the East China Autonomous Political Axe.
The only resistance comes from the world of public opinion.
The voices of the public opinion circles seem to be very powerful, but in fact, as long as they are ignored, they are not as powerful as they are, and they cannot stop the way forward of the East China Autonomous Political Axe.
…… In view of the possibility that the site will be expanded in the near future, Xia Jun once again began to train administrative staff on a large scale.
After several years of training, the administrative staff of the East China Autonomous Political Axe is already sufficient, and even a little overstaffed, and its purpose is naturally to reserve these personnel to cope with future territorial expansion.
The system has been initially formed, but there are still many imperfect areas.
For example, taxes, personal income tax has not yet been collected. Moreover, the medical problem has not been completely solved, let alone the pension problem, and there is also a postal system problem that has not been completely improved.
At present, the outbreak of the First World War, drugs have entered a very profitable stage, and even more profiteering is the penicillin, enzyme chain and other drugs produced by the East China Autonomous Political Axe, which has also created a huge income for the Ministry of Health, but the income is still not too much.
The pension system has not been solved, and the specific use of which pension method has not yet been specifically determined. Since it is to build China into a country that makes the people feel happy, it is natural to ensure that it is fair in terms of pension, and it is natural that the government will pay for it.
This must be indispensable for taxation, and personal income tax must be levied.
Personal income tax is a way to redivide social wealth, which can be used to regulate and control social wealth and prevent the gap between the rich and the poor from widening, causing polarization and causing internal contradictions in the country.
In accordance with Xia Jun's instructions, the Ministry of Taxation immediately began to discuss the collection of individual income tax.
The principle of levying personal income tax is to levy more taxes on middle- and high-income groups to control the level of the gap between the rich and the poor, and low-income people also have to pay taxes, but very little, just to let them develop a habit of paying taxes.
The Ministry of Taxation has been preparing for a long time in this regard, so Xia Jun ordered to study the issue of individual income tax, and soon came up with a collection plan.
This levy scheme is that those with a monthly income of 3 yuan and below need to pay 1% personal income tax, more than 3 yuan to less than 10 yuan, 5% personal income tax, more than 10 yuan to less than 20 yuan, 10% personal income tax, 15% personal income tax between 20~50 yuan, and 20% personal income tax between 50 yuan ~ 100 yuan. Between 100~200 yuan, you need to pay 25% personal income tax. Between 200~500 yuan, you need to pay 30% personal income tax.
Between 500~1000 yuan, you need to pay 35% personal income tax, and between 1000~2000, you need to pay 40% personal income tax. Between 2000~4000, 45% of the individual income tax will be paid, and more than 4000 yuan will be paid 50% of the personal income tax.
The tax department has collected this personal income tax ruthlessly enough! Although personal income tax is collected, it does not have much impact on the development of industry.
For example, a company has generated a profit of 10,000 yuan this month, but the 10,000 yuan may only be used for dividends of 5,000 or 1,000, and the money that has not been divided is used to continue to develop the enterprise.
What the political axe collects is the money that the enterprise pays dividends to individuals, and these money can collect personal income tax.
If those entrepreneurs want to withdraw the money of the enterprise, it is natural to sell the shares, sell the shares on the stock exchange, and then deduct his investment costs, and then settle the personal income tax.
The collection of personal income tax can even accelerate the development of capital industrialization.
As for the reactions of those entrepreneurs, Xia Jun didn't need to think about them.
Do they dare to rebel?
At present, Xia Jun is completely able to suppress them, whether it is in business or politics, he is dominant.
As for those companies that want to run, is there a place to run! Except for the East China Autonomous Political Axe, which can have such good development conditions, there are very few other places. The conditions in front of the two lakes are okay, after all, the railway is being overhauled, but everyone knows that the East China Autonomous Government is not so kind to build the railway for others, and the next step is to swallow the two lakes.
…… In mid-October, the East China Autonomous Government promulgated the "Individual Income Tax Collection Law", which changed the previous situation of no individual income tax.
The collection of personal income tax is very strong, and the upper limit of income collection in general has reached 50%, and the upper limit of taxation in individual profiteering industries has even reached 70%.
The Individual Income Tax Collection Law covers the majority of the population, except for small self-employed people engaged in agriculture, and landlords with large business areas are also included in the Individual Income Tax Collection Law.
The people's views on the collection of personal income tax by the East China Autonomous Government are relatively unified, and most of the people are very supportive.
Because this bill does not shake the interests of low- and middle-income people, but focuses on the high-income class.
This has also been discussed in various newspapers, and some people are concerned that the problem of tax evasion will cause unfairness, and that the implementation of the axe of autonomy in East China is not easy to implement.
However, Xia Jun soon announced the implementation plan of the individual income tax bill in the "Fuxing Daily", and it is naturally unrealistic to cover the collection of individual income tax in the seven provinces at the same time.
Then, naturally, it is to start with the highest income level first.
The first thing to collect is the personal income tax of those large entrepreneurs, and then the personal income tax of those small entrepreneurs.
For those enterprises, each enterprise has a record, who the shareholders are, and how much dividends are also recorded, and they can be collected directly.
Then slowly collect it downward, and after the tax bureau improves the collection method in this area, it can be popularized to the low-income class.
In addition, there is a provision in the "Individual Income Tax Collection Law" that the confiscation of family property for tax evasion reaches 1,000 yuan, and this punishment is aimed at the middle and high-income groups. The low-income class needs to pay very little personal income tax, which is basically a formality, so that they can develop a habit of paying taxes, so the punishment is relatively light.
If the tax evasion reaches more than 10,000 yuan, then the sentence will be life imprisonment. Between 1,000 and 10,000, for every 100 additional tax evasions, the sentence is one year, and after 90 years, he will be imprisoned for life.
Such a strict penalty is naturally to ensure the smooth collection of individual income tax.
At the same time, Xia Jun revealed in the "Fuxing Daily" that agents of the Military Intelligence Agency will be involved in the investigation of tax evasion. As the saying goes, no matter how good the law is, if it is not implemented, it is waste paper, so Xia Jun sacrificed the trump card of the Military Intelligence Bureau.
At the same time, it is to explain to the people why personal income tax is levied, for which Xia Jun once again made a public speech on the radio.
"Fathers and elders of the seven provinces, brothers and sisters, the reason why we want to levy personal income tax is that in order for our country to become strong, we must prevent polarization, so that our country can be firmly united. The political axe will improve the social security system, so that everyone can go to school, everyone can seek medical treatment, and everyone can have a house to live in. So that everyone does not have to worry about being unemployed, let alone worrying about pension. In these areas, we will all improve in the future. As for those with high incomes, it hurts our interests. But you have to understand that you are earning more than you normally can get, both physically and mentally. Besides, the amount of money is just a series of numbers in your bank account, and you just want to use the money to live a superior life, so that others can sell some things that cannot be sold because of the money, which in itself is already a crime in disguise......"
"The so-called way of heaven is more than enough to make up for the deficiency, and the way of man is more than enough to be lost. We have to admit that we are still in a situation where we are still in a situation where we are not enough to lose. Closing the gap between the rich and the poor is not only to unite the country, but also to seek dignity for the common people, so that all people can live with dignity and happiness, so as to tell other countries and nations in the world that we live in a country with the greatest dignity and happiness......
Xia Jun's speech was also very successful, and the people were more supportive of the state's imposition of high taxes on the rich, and although the rich people were dissatisfied with this, most of them did nothing, but there were still some businessmen who felt good about themselves and fell to Yuan Shikai.
These businessmen even run relatively large factories, although they are very small compared to the three major groups. The three major groups account for 75% of the industrial output, which is naturally not comparable to ordinary businessmen.
These three major groups are firmly in the hands of Xia Jun, whether it is Li Shilin's Zhongsheng Group or Liu Jinshan's Huasheng Group, they all have his shares, and East China Group is Xia Jun's sole stock operation. As long as the three major groups don't mess up, then the others are whatever they do.
As for the guys who want to move the factory out? There are no doors! This is the equipment that the political axe helps you buy, and it must be in the seven autonomous provinces of East China.
Enterprises in other provinces need to apply, and they also have to pay personal income tax every month, as long as they are on Chinese land, as long as they are factories opened with the technical assistance of the East China Autonomous Government, these taxes are not to be run.
As for those 'mutiny' businessmen, they obviously lack confidence in the East China Autonomous Political Axe, because now the East China Autonomous Political Axe may fight with Yuben at any time, and you have to charge such a high tax, the uncle will not play with you, and the president will be much more lenient than here...... It's just that when these businessmen rebelled, they knew that things were not so simple, and the outflow of funds was fine, but don't think about the outflow of equipment, the funds were withdrawn, and the equipment would definitely not be able to get out, and those who went out to collect taxes followed. Without the seven autonomous provinces of East China, without advanced equipment, there will be no big climate at all.
And most businessmen have already understood this, so they obediently continued to operate the industry when Xia Jun announced the individual income tax bill.
Many businessmen began to invest more money in the industry in order to industrialize capital, and if they needed money, they could sell their shares in the stock market, and if they could not go public, they would transfer their shares.
In fact, Yuan Shikai really wanted to fan the flames, but as a result, the seven provinces of East China Autonomous Province were like iron buckets, and there was no way to start incitement.
In addition, both public opinion and the people generally support the collection of personal income tax by the East China Autonomous Political Axe, so there is no demon moth.
In the period when the seven autonomous provinces of East China are in full swing of large-scale production, the political axe of East China's autonomous government is also rapidly improving the social security system.
In terms of pension insurance, the world is generally divided into three systems.
1. Traditional Pension Insurance SystemThe traditional pension insurance system, also known as employment-related programs or self-insurance public assistance model, was first created by the Pension Insurance Law promulgated by Bismarck in 1889, and was later adopted by the United States, the United States and other countries. The total contribution rate is then determined by expenditure. Individuals receive the wage replacement rate for pensions, and then the total contribution rate is determined by expenditure. The right of individuals to receive pensions is linked to the obligation to pay, that is, individual contributions are the premise of receiving pensions, the level of pensions is linked to personal income, and the basic pension is calculated according to the indexed average monthly salary of employees before retirement over the years and the replacement rate of different grades, and is automatically adjusted regularly. In addition to the basic pension, the state also encourages enterprises to implement supplementary pension insurance through preferential policies in taxation and interest, and basically implements a multi-level pension insurance system.
2. The national overall pension insurance system is divided into two types:
(1) The welfare state is generally adopted, also known as welfare pension insurance, which was first created by the United Kingdom, and later countries that apply this type also include Sweden, Norway, Australia, Canada, etc.
The system is characterized by the implementation of a complete "pay-as-you-go" system and the determination of the level of pensions on a "pay-as-you-go" basis. Pension insurance premiums are all derived from the political axe tax, and individuals do not need to pay. Pensions are not only available to workers, but also to all members of society. The level of pension security is relatively low, and usually only the minimum standard of living is guaranteed rather than the basic standard of living, such as the level of pension treatment in Australia in later generations is only equivalent to 25% of the average wage. In order to solve the problem of low basic pension level, enterprises are generally strongly encouraged to implement the occupational pension system to make up for the lack of basic pension.
The advantage of this system is that it is simple and easy to operate, and it provides basic livelihood security for the elderly through income redistribution, so as to offset the negative impact of the market economy. But the system also has obvious shortcomings, the immediate consequence of which is the overburdening of the political axe. Since a portion of the government's fiscal revenue is used for social security expenditures, and after maintaining such a large amount of social security expenditures, the government must adopt a high tax policy, which increases the burden on enterprises and taxpayers. At the same time, members of society generally enjoy pension insurance treatment, lack of incentive mechanism for individuals, only emphasize fairness and ignore efficiency.
3. Compulsory Savings TypeThere are two main types of compulsory savings: the Singapore model and the Chilean model.
(1) The post-Singapore model is a provident fund model. The main features of this model are the emphasis on self-protection, the establishment of a personal provident fund account, the worker and his employer jointly pay pension insurance premiums during the period of employment, the worker receives the pension completely from the personal account after retirement, and the state no longer pays the pension in any form. The fund of the personal account can be received in a lump sum with principal and interest after the employee's retirement, or it can be withdrawn in installments. The state's funds for individual accounts are managed and operated through the Central Provident Fund Bureau, which is a completely small financing model. In addition to Singapore, some developing countries in Southeast Asia and Africa have also adopted this model.
(2) The later Chilean model, as another type of compulsory savings, also emphasizes self-protection, and also adopts the model of personal accounts, but unlike the Singapore model, the management of personal accounts is completely privatized, that is, the personal accounts are handed over to self-financing private pension insurance companies to stipulate the maximum rate of return, and at the same time implement the minimum pension insurance system. This model was later launched in Chile in the 80s of the 20th century, and has also been imitated by some Latin American countries. The biggest feature of the compulsory savings pension insurance model is that it emphasizes efficiency, but ignores fairness, and it is difficult to reflect the guarantee function of social insurance.
What kind of pension system to adopt in East China's autonomous government is nothing more than a choice of efficiency and fairness. Xia Jun let the following hold a meeting for a few days, and finally chose the national overall pension insurance system, which means that higher taxes will be implemented in the future to solve the pension problem.
In addition, it is also a test of the entire country's ability to create wealth, Xia Jun believes that he can do it, so he chooses such a system.
(To be continued)