readx;

Chapter 1757 The melon is ripe

On 1 December, An Yi presided over the opening ceremony of the entire line of the Jing'an Railway and secretly came to the Kwacheng Satellite Launch Base in the northwest of Dien Bien Phu. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

The Kuacheng Satellite Launch Base was built in May last year, and it is located near 22 degrees north latitude and 103 degrees east longitude. Due to the lower the latitude of the satellite launch, the more obvious the advantage, it is expected that the rocket launch base will be built in the souther in the future, but now for the sake of secrecy, it can only be built in the northwest mountainous area of the Red River Plain, where the geological features are relatively stable.

During these two years, the Rocket Research Institute designed different types of artificial satellites and even space capsules for testing. In addition to being thrown into a vacuum chamber for testing, the capsule also had to be soaked in water, first in a pool and later into the Aral Sea to test for salt corrosion.

Early in the morning of the second day, five o'clock in the morning.

lingered with the beauty all night, and half an hour after Ding Molan left, An Yi came to the control room of the launch center. At this time, Ding Molan was already dressed as a strong woman, her black hair was combed into braids and coiled on her head, and she was wearing a white coat to hide her good figure, and she looked very energetic.

When Ding Molan saw An Yi, her pretty face turned red, and then she pretended to be casual, and stepped forward to introduce: "This first satellite is called 'Polaris' No. 1, it weighs 1525 kilograms, and there are many precision instruments on it, including temperature measurement, pressure measurement, radio wave measurement, radiation measurement, communication antenna, radar, small camera, etc., almost everything we can think of has been stuffed into it."

"This launch was a secret launch, and after the satellite was launched, it would only send a radio signal to the ground when it entered the sky over Nanhua. What is special is that the satellite itself will be in orbit for several years, but he can use the return capsule to drop negative film to the ground, and after taking the negative of a film in several circles, he can return it to the ground.

"There are a total of eight rolls of film on the satellite, and there are eight return capsules accordingly. At present, the 'Polaris-1' cannot be used for military reconnaissance, but can only play the role of scientific exploration, and the performance of the camera it carries is not very top-notch, and the weight and caliber are not large, mainly because the satellite also needs to undertake many other tasks. ”

An Yi saw the flickering data on the electronic screen in the launch center, and asked curiously: "Does the rocket still use Uncle Nikolai's rocket engine technology?" ”

Ding Molan replied with a smile: "Although it is the same technology, it is innovative in details. The rocket was personally reviewed by Uncle Nikolai and named the 'Saturn I', a three-stage liquid rocket with a total weight of 145 tons, which can propel a payload of 1,600 kilograms into a low-Earth orbit at an altitude of 400 kilometers. According to the computer simulation demonstration, the success rate is as high as 95.8%. ”

An Yi nodded, and accompanied by Ding Molan, came to the wide floor-to-ceiling window. Against the backdrop of night, lights from far and near converge on the rocket erected on the launch stand, and the azure paint painted on the surface of the rocket reflects the light and shines brightly.

At half past five in the morning, the countdown ended, and the rocket was officially launched.

At 5:44 a.m., the third stage of the rocket turned off, opened the satellite protective cover, and the satellite officially entered the preset orbit, began to deploy the solar panels according to the predetermined program, captured the three preset stars, corrected its position, and transmitted signals to the ground.

Suddenly, there was a burst of cheers in the command center, and everyone looked excited.

An Yi looked at the satellite signal on the screen of the control room of the satellite launch center, and his heart was full of mixed feelings, he could never have imagined that the satellite that would only appear in the fifties would appear in his hands more than ten years in advance.

Sometimes things are like this, maybe a change will not have a big change in the course of history, but when a number of impossible things are gathered together and comprehensively exerted, they will change from quantitative to qualitative, and an almost irrepressible chemical reaction will occur.

At the beginning, An Yi Qiangang was arbitrary and spent a huge amount of money to establish a scientific research institute, but he wanted to develop some military-related science and technology on his own, and study some weapons and equipment that belonged to common sense in his memory, so as to strengthen the military strength of the An Jiajun, so that the army would not lag behind this era too much because of foreign countries.

However, with the increasing number of scientists from all over the world joining after the economic crisis, as well as the cooperation with Germans, and the talents who have returned from studying in Europe and the United States, the institute has become more and more involved in scientific disciplines.

The more categories there are, the more technologies are needed, such as all kinds of precision machine tools, more and more advanced aircraft and automobile engine technology, alloys that need to strengthen the armor of engines and tanks, radios that solve the communication of troops, computer concepts introduced to solve computing problems, and so on.

Later, with the addition of Tesla, Ding Molan, who inherited Tesla's mantle and can always be inspired by Tesla's genius ideas, and more elites who returned from Europe and the United States and cultivated by various universities in South China joined, making Nanhua's scientific research level more and more advanced.

In the end, the participation of Jews and Soviet scientists completely pushed Nanhua's science and technology forward by a big step, enabling Nanhua to complete the key step from qualitative change to quantitative change, and finally had the advent of satellites, which are now more than ten years ahead of the times.

Of course, An Yi's success is also inseparable from the initial layout, as early as two or three years before the economic crisis, Ou Yaoting used Nanyang as a base, penetrated into all aspects of Southeast Asia, and had a good relationship with the colonial government.

During the economic crisis, the timely expansion in the United States and Europe made the Chinese group rapidly expand to Europe and the United States, and gained a certain voice in political and economic activities.

Before the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the influx of Jews enabled Nanhua to maintain good relations with the Jewish group. Under such circumstances, Nanhua has always been able to obtain many of the most core secrets and technologies of European and American countries.

Today, everything falls into place, and the feeling of success is wonderful.

An Yi was in a mood, listening to the laughter and laughter in the control room of the launch center, turned his head, and looked at Ding Molan gratefully: "Molan, the staff of your rocket research center are really hard working...... By the way, when is Satellite 2 ready to be launched? ”

The No. 2 satellite in An Yi's mouth is actually Polaris No. 2, it is a candidate satellite, exactly the same as the structure of Polaris No. 1, that is to say, in order to ensure the success of the launch, the institute specially prepared two carrier rockets and two satellites, if the Polaris No. 1 launch fails, then Polaris No. 2 will be launched in time to ensure success as soon as possible.

"Brother Yi, this is what we should do, there is no question of merit or not!"

Ding Molan was also very happy that the satellite was successfully launched for the first time, which fully shows that the work of the research institute led by her was successful, and she replied with joy on her face:

"Now that Polaris 1 has been successfully launched, 2 does not need to be launched for the time being. According to the plan, we need to collect the operation data of Polaris-1, and then launch Polaris-1 a month later, and send signals to our bases in China, Central Asia and South China in different orbits to expand our monitoring area. ”

An Yi nodded, and then asked, "What is the plan of the Rocket Research Center next?" ”

Ding Molan said excitedly: "The current plan is to carry out five satellite launches within a year, the last three of which are used to test the appearance design of satellites that can return to Earth, and it is expected that by the end of next year, the last unmanned spacecraft will be launched for automatic control flight and re-entry test, and then the manned flight plan will be followed." It is expected that by the middle of 1945 or the end of the year, our manned satellites will be in the air. ”

Speaking of this, Ding Molan was worried that An Yi would be slow in progress, so she glanced at him affectionately and patiently explained: "In fact, this speed is already very fast, and many practical problems require Uncle Nikolai to guide on the side, such as the operation of satellites in anterograde orbit, retrograde orbit, and equatorial orbit.

"The satellite we are launching now enters a prograde orbit after launch, which can effectively use part of the speed of the Earth's rotation from west to east, which greatly saves the energy of the rocket. After Polaris-1 goes into space, we will accurately calculate the Earth's rotation speed by the equatorial rotation speed, launch azimuth and geographic latitude of the launch point. According to computer calculations, when a satellite is launched at the equator in the direction of due east, the available speed is the largest, and the higher the latitude, the smaller the available speed.

"As for the retrograde orbit, according to the calculations on the computer, the orbital inclination of the satellite should be greater than 90 degrees, and in order to send it into such orbit, the rocket carrying the satellite needs to be launched in the southwest direction, and when it is lifted off, it will not only be unable to use part of the speed of the Earth's rotation, but also have to expend additional energy to overcome the ...... of the Earth's rotation."

When An Yi heard this, he interrupted Ding Molan's words: "Since this kind of satellite has disadvantages in all aspects, why do you want to launch it?" ”

Ding Molan said with a smile: "Brother Yi, the surface of the earth is not ideal spherical, and its gravity distribution is very uneven, which makes the orbital plane of the satellite constantly change in inertial space, specifically, the equatorial part of the earth is somewhat bulging, which will have an additional attraction to the satellites in operation, which will make the orbital plane slowly change, and the direction of change is related to the orbital inclination."

"When the orbital inclination of the satellite is greater than 90 degrees, the attraction is counterclockwise, and the orbital plane then precessions from west to east, and the orbital altitude, inclination and shape of the satellite can be adjusted appropriately, so that the precession angular velocity of the satellite orbital plane can advance eastward by about 1 degree per day, which should be equal to the average daily angular velocity of the earth revolving around the sun.

"Satellites operating in this kind of orbit can observe satellite clouds and ground targets under the same time and illumination conditions, and according to our assumptions, future meteorological, resource, reconnaissance and other application satellites should all adopt this kind of orbit."

An Yi nodded again and again. Interlacing is like a mountain, and there are many things that I don't know, and these are the roles that a top scientist like Ding Molan can play.

Ding Molan saw An Yi looking at him with admiration, and was proud in his heart, and then said: "In the first two orbits, there is a third orbit, that is, the equatorial orbit, which is characterized by an orbital inclination of 0 degrees, and the satellite operates over the equator. There can be an infinite number of such tracks, but one of them has extraordinary significance.

"According to Uncle Tesla's assumption, because the speed of the satellite changes with the height of the ground, the higher the orbit, the smaller the speed, and the longer the orbital period, so through the complex operation in the computer, we can know that when the satellite is in a circular orbit at a certain distance above the equator, the time to run one circle from west to east will be the same as the time of one rotation of the earth, and this orbit is named the geostationary orbit.

"Because the orbital period of the satellite is equal to the period of the Earth's rotation, and the two directions are exactly the same, they remain relatively stationary with each other. From the ground, the satellite looks like it's fixed to a point above the equator. In this way, three communications satellites are evenly distributed in geostationary orbit, and global communication is possible. At the same time, some meteorological satellites and early warning satellites can also be sent into this relatively stationary orbit......"

When An Yi heard this complicated, he waved his hand and said, "I'm a layman with these, you just have to call the shots." By the way, do you have any plans for the development of large launch vehicles? ”

"The Saturn V launch vehicle is already undergoing ground tests, it weighs 532 tons, it can put 12.5 tons of payload into low orbit, and our future manned plans are all up to him."

"How much does such a launch vehicle cost?" An Yi thought about it and asked again.

Ding Molan replied with a smile: "About 10 million Chinese dollars, which is four times the size of Saturn 1." According to the plan, in the future, types 1 to 4 will be light launch vehicles, and types 5 to 8 will be large launch vehicles. When the serial number is used up, the next level is named after Jupiter. ”

Air Force Commander Huang Yuyi, who followed An Yi on the visit, blurted out and exclaimed: "Good girl, it's so expensive!" One launch vehicle is equivalent to the price of 20 jet fighters, 60 of the latest piston propeller fighters, and that doesn't include the price of satellites or spaceships. ”

"The power of the launch vehicle plus the satellite is fully worth the price."

An Yi's eyes were serious, and he looked at Huang Yuyi and Yang Fei, Deng Bin, Chang Baofang and other generals who were following him, full of persistence:

"Don't look at the launch vehicle as expensive, when the satellite technology it carries matures, you only need to pay attention to the electromagnetic signal and find out where the radio connection is more dense, and you can roughly know where the enemy is using troops. If there is an advance in imaging technology, through real-time monitoring by satellites, the enemy's every move is under surveillance, but the other party has nothing to do with you, is there anything more wonderful than this?

"In addition, the navigation and position of aircraft in the air, the positioning of naval vessels, and the communication and liaison of army units can all be completed through satellites, which cannot be done by airship radar. In addition, we can also launch all kinds of satellites of economic value, such as communication satellites, navigation satellites, meteorological satellites that provide meteorological forecasting services, and satellites that can carry out telemetry reconnaissance and photographic satellites, so that in the future, no matter how large our territory is, we can be closely linked together through satellites.

"The potential for both commercial and military use is huge, which is why we must develop rocket launch technology and satellite technology."

Feeling An Yi's strong will, Huang Yuyi hurriedly explained:

"The development of satellite technology is also very beneficial to our Air Force, and I naturally support it with both hands! It is estimated that many of the newly installed electronic equipment in our Air Force will have to be updated again in a short time! ”

An Yi was relieved, shook his head and said: "Not for the time being, it is a waste to put expensive radars on fighter jets, not to mention other more advanced electronic equipment!" With the current armament, we can completely gain the initiative in the air! In fact, if it weren't for the taboo of various intricate domestic relations, we would have been able to recover the land of North China and Northeast China! But it's okay now, after we have wiped out the *** people in Malaya, Burma, India and Persia, we will go back and deal with the Japanese army in China and the Far East, and completely drive *** out of our territory! ”

All the generals knew the meaning of An Yi's words.

Chiang Kai-shek used the aid of the United States, as well as powerful military enterprises such as the Jiangnan Arsenal and the Hanyang Arsenal, to build a well-equipped and well-trained army.

Chiang Kai-shek designated more than 10 military textbooks for the Central Military Academy, including "Engineer Drill Code," "Basic Military Course for Noncommissioned Officers," "Tactical Coordination of Army Infantry, Artillery, and Engineer Arms," "Basic Infantry Training Course," "Infantry Shooting Training Course," "Regulations on Combat Training and Internal Affairs Management of Infantry Divisions," and "Preliminary Study on Mountain Training and Operations," which were designated by Chiang Kai-shek as compulsory textbooks.

In addition, a large number of grassroots officers of the Central Army took turns to serve in Lu Yixuan's 30th Group Army, feeling the spirit of the model battalion and demanding that they must bring a solid work style back to their original units.

In a sense, the Central Army has made a copy of the An Jia Army, and no one knows how effective it is, but the newly formed elite army of up to 4 million is where Chiang Kai-shek's confidence lies.

However, these armies were not used in the war against Japan, and most of the troops fighting against the Japanese army in Shanxi, Henan, Shandong, northern Anhui, and northern Jiangsu were local armies such as the Sichuan Army, the Gui Army, the Guangdong Army, the Jin Army, and the Northeast Army. The war has entered its third year, and there is no intention of expanding the war, and the central army and the local army no longer try to recover the lost territory after experiencing the initial sharpness, and begin to acquiesce in the current confrontation situation.

The Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army established base areas in Suiyuan, Rehe, Chahar, Hebei, Shandong, and other places, and waged-for-tat struggles against the Lanyin, traitors, and Japanese troops who cooperated with the Japanese invaders, and their influence was expanding day by day.

A large number of Lanyin people who migrated to a strange land, in the face of the harsh reality, finally recognized the reality, after all, the people are hiding in the city, and the countryside is the territory of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army. With the bloody lesson, the Lanyin people did not dare to report to the Japanese army again, and instead cooperated with the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army. People need a language environment, and many Lanyin people began to try to learn the Chinese language, and communicate and communicate in the Chinese language, and slowly won the recognition of the military and civilians in the base areas.

In the northwest, the whole territory and most of Gansu, Qinghai, and Ningxia, the base areas created by Huang Han and Li Xiaolong, various industrial facilities are also being established, and through trade with the southern Sichuan group, the strength of the base areas is also rapidly expanding, and all kinds of materials support the operations on the battlefield behind enemy lines.

After Hull's visit to Xinjing, he immediately paid a state visit to Nanjing. Chiang Kai-shek, as the legitimate leader of the Chinese government, and at the same time he was also the teacher of An Yi, the president of the South China Republic, naturally increased his influence in the international community, with the fall of France, Britain was in danger, looking around, Chiang Kai-shek was pleasantly surprised to find that he had become the leader of the third largest democracy after Roosevelt and Churchill.

Now China, the situation is better than the real history of China, I don't know how many times, the essence of the south of the Yangtze River has not been lost, the two Guangxi because of the existence of Nanhua, impregnable, plus all kinds of factories, like mushrooms after a rain, although most of the trade objects are Nanhua, but in exchange for the much-needed food, guns and ammunition, plus the rural class tension caused most of the landless peasants migrated to Nanhua, making it possible for the cultivators to have their fields.

Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek naturally believed that he, the leader of the third power, had capital comparable to Roosevelt and Churchill.

In fact, it is true that Hull's trip to Nanjing, in which he signed a series of agreements with Chiang Kai-shek, fully respected the authority of Chiang Kai-shek, the leader of East Asia, which greatly satisfied Chiang Kai-shek's self-esteem.

~~~~~~~~~~

: Chinese New Year's Eve, I wish you book friends a prosperous Year of the Dragon, good health, and all the best!