Chapter 319: Financial Empire
Smash the United States, an international hooligan who disguises himself as an international policeman, destroy the financial system of the United States, which later relied on the hegemony of the dollar to devour the wealth of other countries, and make the United States lose the capital to dominate the world in the future. Let the rising China always maintain its strength, and no longer suffer twice and suffer two sins in the years to come. It is the biggest goal of these republics from later generations led by Deng Feng.
The first step towards this goal is the overthrow of the world monetary system in which the United States established the hegemony of the dollar in one fell swoop through the "Bretton Woods system." Establish a fair and reasonable global monetary payment system with the renminbi as the main currency and the coexistence of a variety of strong currencies, so that China's renminbi will become the dominant strong currency and the world's main trade currency and reserve currency in the future, so that China will have the power to issue the world's currency in circulation, and finally become the ultimate owner of the world's resources and products.
Building a global financial system with the renminbi at its core is a bigger, longer-term strategy. But to achieve this strategic goal, many conditions are needed, the first is that China must have strong political, economic, cultural and military power to back up the renminbi. Then there must be some macroeconomic management talents like Greenspan in the United States in later generations. This kind of professional training began in '51, and was sent to the United States and England respectively, and in 1957, the Shannan Special Administrative Region passed on the name of the 31-year-old American Jew Allen Brown. Greenspan, a young man who later became chairman of the Federal Reserve to help build the Shannan Special Zone Securities Company, poached from the New York consulting firm of Thomson Consulting, and in 1958, after he was approved to become a Chinese citizen, was appointed chief economist of the Shannan Special Zone Joint Stock Bank, and in 1960 was appointed chief economist of the People's Bank of China. In such a short period of time, the 36-year-old Jew could never have imagined that he would be in such a high position in China, and he was sincerely afraid that he would be left to work hard for China. The appointment brings him a full 10 years ahead of his historic appointment as an adviser to the President's Council of Economic Advisers. This also made him the number one person in the world financial field earlier.
Since the beginning of the history of human empires, from the Roman Empire to the British Empire, they have basically completed the process of accumulating and consuming wealth in empires in a similar way, occupying the territory of other countries, carrying out territorial expansion, plundering the resources and wealth of other countries, enslaving the people of other countries, ruling and dominating many nations, and making themselves have great international influence. This is the quintessential colonial empire model.
Deng Feng, who came to later generations, knew that it would definitely not work for New China to realize China's dream of becoming a strong country through this method. If the emerging China is determined to take food from US imperialism, it will inevitably go to war with the United States, and the result will only be a defeat for both sides, and in the end it will only benefit others. Because in World War I, Germany challenged the old colonial empire and wanted to gain more living space for itself, but failed. More than 20 years later, Germany rose again, once again challenged the old colonial empire, and failed again. This historical lesson must be learned. Only through the "foresight" information and knowledge brought by later generations can they first make China strong as soon as possible, and then quietly and silently continue to destroy and encroach on the material foundation on which the United States relies for hegemony. To achieve the imperial status of New China, the name "empire" is a bit unpleasant, and it is better to call it the status of a superpower.
In July 1944, in New Hampshire, the small town of Bretton Woods in the White Mountain National Forest Park, although it did not show the autumn "frost leaves red like February flowers," the mountains are red all over the mountains, and the scenery is dyed with forests, but it is also an ideal summer resort with dense forests, lush greenery, and a cool and pleasant climate. At this time, the finance ministers, central bank governors and a small number of economists from the 44 allied countries gathered in this small town for the first United Nations monetary and financial conference.
In Bretton Woods, British master of macroeconomics and monetary finance - John Maynard Keynes. Despite the torment of a serious heart attack. Fierce verbal battles with U.S. Treasury Secretary Morgenthau, Federal Reserve Chairman Ecauss and others in the hope of maintaining the pound's status as an international currency and allowing Europe and the United States to share international financial leadership.
The Second World War had severely destroyed the economies of all countries, most of the European countries were heavily indebted, and the war had also destroyed trust between countries, especially in the currencies of other countries. At this time, the United States, whose gross national product accounted for 60 percent of the capitalist countries, had the world's largest gold reserves, and 80 percent of the world's gold was in the hands of the Americans.
Without strength, there is no right to speak, let alone leadership. After several fierce quarrels, bargaining, and the result of the dispute was that Britain made substantial concessions, and only then did it formulate a world monetary system, and establish the Bretton Woods system based on gold and with the US dollar as the main international reserve currency. At the heart of the Bretton Woods system was that the dollar was directly pegged to gold, with the United States committing the world to one ounce of gold for every $35. The currencies of various countries are pegged to the US dollar under a fixed exchange rate system.
Bretton Woods is an unusual place for both the United States and Europe. For Europe, this is an important turning point in the loss of hegemony, but for the United States, this is where the hegemony of the dollar is established.
The establishment of the Bretton Woods system almost dominated the economic order of the Western world, and for a long time, Western countries relied on relatively stable exchange rates and American credit, international trade grew rapidly, and the world economy was restored and developed. This Bretton Woods system looks good.
However, the dollar-centric international monetary system is inseparable from the strong economic power and abundant gold reserves of the United States. If the United States continues to run a deficit in international receipts and expenditures, that is, if the United States continues to spend more than its revenues in the balance of payments, or if its gold reserves are insufficient, it will cause the collapse of the international monetary system.
Since the mid-to-late 50s, with the rise of China, China's technologically advanced electronics industry has entered the market as the leading product, which has gradually weakened the competitiveness of the US economy, and its balance of payments has begun to deteriorate, resulting in a continuous deficit in the balance of payments, resulting in a decrease in the supply of US dollars in the foreign exchange market. The United States is already stretched thin, and there are not enough dollars. With the "Bretton Woods system" lying there, you can't print enough dollars without enough gold. The United States is not yet able to implement a "moderately loose monetary policy" and turn on the money printing machine to print dollars as it pleases, as later generations did. This has put the United States in an unprecedented predicament.
First of all, China used the huge trade surplus obtained through the transfer of patented technology and the export of products, except for a part of the "virgin land" that has not yet been discovered and developed in the world, to convert all the "surplus dollars" in its hands into gold, thus causing a large amount of US gold to flow to China. By 1963, when the United States finally couldn't bear the outflow of gold, and the gold reserves of the United States could no longer support the burden of the overflowing dollar, the President of the United States decided, fuck it! To hell with Bretton Woods' fixed exchange rate. The United States does not want to lose all of its gold reserves. As a result, the US political axe was forced to announce the decoupling of the US dollar from gold on August 15, 1963, abandoning the US dollar "gold standard" of exchanging gold at the official price of 35 US dollars to 1 ounce, and implementing the free floating of gold against the US dollar. Countries such as Europe and Canada have also announced floating exchange rates with the US dollar. At this point, the Bretton Woods system collapsed seven years earlier than later generations. This meant that the dollar was no longer anchored to gold, but emerged as a credit currency, ushering in the era of paper money entirely – meaning that the US political axe could theoretically issue money at will.
However, some American economists still soberly remind the US political axe that the decoupling of the US dollar from gold will be beneficial to the United States in a short period of time, because the United States can print more money when the world has not come to its senses, and use green paper without gold endorsement to take advantage of the world. But in the long run, this is not a good thing for the United States and the world, especially for the United States, it is undoubtedly a drink to quench its thirst. The Americans, of course, also understand that printing money in excess is digging their own grave. When a country's currency is depreciated to its worthlessness, the country's international standing is also ruined.
Although there is no fixed exchange rate system based on gold, international trade will not stop because of this, and it still exists, and the exchange rate of one country is still based on the exchange rate of another country.
Historically, after the United States abandoned the Bretton Woods system in 1971, they left behind the most crucial hand: to force the Gulf states and other resource-intensive countries to agree to denominate commodities, energy, food, etc. in dollars. After the collapse of the Bretton Woods system, the US dollar is still the world's primary trading currency, so the currencies of most countries can only use the US dollar as the benchmark and float freely, and there is no long free-floating international financial system in which different countries use different benchmark currencies.
These "prescient" people who have come to the base of this era will certainly not give the United States such a chance again.
Since they came to this era, they have suggested that the central government and China should start anew in terms of international trade settlement, and first insist on realizing RMB settlement within the socialist camp.
How to make the renminbi the world's trade currency and reserve currency?
First of all, it is because of the world's demand for China's leading advanced technology and products, as well as the world's many patented technologies for China. Although China is a signatory to the Bretton Woods Agreement, after New China joined the United Nations, it did not mention this issue at all. Before the collapse of the Bretton Woods system, the renminbi was pegged to gold, 100 yuan to 28.350 grams, which is 1 ounce of gold, because China does not have as many gold reserves as the United States, and at the same time it is locked in the exchange rates of several major currencies in the world. In other words, the renminbi is an exchange rate system based on the gold standard and the fixed exchange rate system of the world's major currencies. After the collapse of the Bretton Woods system, the renminbi of course also entered paper money and turned into a credit currency.
China adheres to this monetary policy in international trade settlement.
When China buys the means of production and products of other countries, that is, when China imports, China can pay RMB or other major currencies according to the requirements of the other side, and when China sells patents and export products, China requires the other party to pay more than 30% of the yuan. Due to China's leading technology of this era, the products created have extremely strong competitiveness in the world. In order to obtain these products and technologies, we must first have the ability to pay in RMB, which has promoted the RMB to the world and become the world's main settlement currency, forming a situation of "exporting and earning foreign exchange" regardless of the cost in the early days of China's reform and opening up. The renminbi has naturally become the strongest currency in the world, the main trading currency and reserve currency of all countries.
In September 1960, representatives of the five major oil-producing countries of Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela held a meeting in Baghdad and decided to unite to deal with Western oil companies and safeguard their own oil revenues. According to the OPEC regulations, "any country that is in fundamental interest with the members and which can actually achieve a net export of crude oil may become a full member of the Organization after being admitted by a two-thirds majority of the members and unanimously accepted by all the founding members." China is not a net exporter of crude oil and certainly does not have the right to participate in the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, but it still "resolutely supports the people of the Middle East in uniting in a just struggle against plunder against Western colonialists." Because China's interests in the Middle East are greater. Moreover, in 1958, the Emirate of Kuwait and China signed the "Kuwait-China Friendship Agreement", under which China and Chinese enterprises have the right of first refusal and the right of first refusal to lease any place belonging to the Emirate of Kuwait. The Chinese Navy and Air Force enjoy the right to permanently garrison troops in the Emirate of Kuwait, so how can China not support its protectorate and safeguard its legitimate rights and interests?
Kuwait, one of the founding members of the OPEC, is naturally China's spokesman in the OPEC; Kuwait's representative said when discussing the purpose of the establishment of OPEC: The purpose of the establishment of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) by the five countries is to coordinate the oil policies of the five countries, agree on the production and price of crude oil, take joint action against the exploitation and plundering of oil-producing countries by Western countries, protect their own resources, and safeguard the self-interests and common interests of the five countries. In order to achieve this, we must have the support of a country or group that has strong political influence, economic influence, scientific and technological innovation, and strong military capabilities, but also supports us. Only China can meet these conditions. In order to tie China to our organization, and to oppose the hegemony of the US dollar, we should use the renminbi in oil transactions around the world.
Kuwait's proposal was unanimously endorsed by the other four founding members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. Since then, before the United States has woken up, the world's oil transactions have been linked to the renminbi, and the credibility of the renminbi has been established. Firmly linked to the world's energy needs. This makes the oil-backed renminbi the most trusted trading currency.
You can distrust the renminbi, but you can't distrust oil; You can do without the yuan, but you can't without energy. As long as your country needs to develop, it will inevitably consume energy, and the best energy source is oil. To get oil, as long as you are not an oil-producing country, you have to buy it in yuan. And there is only one way for any country other than China to get the renminbi, and that is to sell its resources or sell its products. And the pricing power is in China's hands, whether it is for resources or products, you can keep prices down, otherwise I won't buy, if I don't buy, you won't get RMB, and if you don't have RMB, you won't be able to buy oil. As a result, when the Chinese issue the new yuan, they make this invisible big bargain.
China, with the participation of Deng Feng and his gang of "gods", with its enormous political, economic and military influence, has made the renminbi not only linked to oil, but also to the world's manufacturing industry. In particular, close ties have been established with the world's major commodity producing countries, and agreements have been reached to agree to use the renminbi as the main settlement currency in major commodity transactions as well.
After the collapse of the U.S. dollar in the Bretton Woods system, the renminbi quickly replaced the U.S. dollar as the world's leading trading currency, so the currencies of most countries have adopted the renminbi as the benchmark and floated freely. In the final analysis, China's ability to achieve this is absolutely related to China's global political, economic, and military strength.
China uses its own financial system to tie the whole world to China, and the result of this trading model in which China exports renminbi to the world and the world provides products to China has resulted in the rapid concentration of global wealth in China. There is no doubt about this, and this has been amply demonstrated in the history of later generations: the GDP of the United States peaked at $7 trillion in the 200 years before 1990, and by 2010, in just 20 years, the GDP of the United States had doubled to $14 trillion. In this way, the United States has achieved financial colonization of the whole world through the dollar.
However, such good things in the United States will not happen again in this era, in the process of "globalization" in the future, China has taken a step ahead, China is transforming from a manufacturing country to a financial industry, and a new financial empire is rising in the east of the world. This will completely change the survival and way of life of China, an ancient civilization with a history of thousands of years.
(To be continued)