readx; Hattori Takushiro Osa, who was the chief of the Operations Division of the General Staff Headquarters of the Japanese Army's base camp, boasted, "Since the 56th Division entered and occupied Nuxi in May 1942, under the command of Lieutenant General Yuzo Matsuyama, the commander of the division, it has been full of confidence in victory, and believes that this battlefield is a training ground for the division and regiment. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 info can fight ten times the enemy, good at fighting abnormally".

This bull is a bit big, at least the 56th Wing, which is the first in the 113th Division, has no confidence to say so.

The 113th Wing was formed in Kumamoto in May 1938, and was originally incorporated into the 106th Division to participate in the Battle of Wuhan. A year later, in the Battle of Nanchang, the successor wing captain Kendai Iino was killed again. In March 1940, the wing was disbanded and disbanded. Half a year later, the 113th Wing was reorganized in Fukuoka and incorporated into the 56th Division in October 1941. In 1942, I attacked Burma with the 56th Division, because I had a wrong grasp of the enemy situation of the Burma Expeditionary Force for the first time, and "missed" the division, and was outflanked and retreated by the enemy from the Eastern Front, which made its self-confidence swell for two years. The Chinese Expeditionary Force's counteroffensive is imminent, how long can this good name of "unlucky wing" last?

The current wing commander of the 113th Wing, Hideji Matsui, is the captain of the Ramon garrison. After the Chinese Expeditionary Force's counteroffensive began, Matsui led the main force of the wing to reinforce the operation in the direction of Gaoligong Mountain, and entrusted the position of garrison captain to the commander of the 3rd Brigade of the 56th Field Artillery Wing, Jinguang Keijiro Shaoza, and later let his adjutant Captain Manabe Kunitato return to Matsuyama from Gaoligong Mountain to assist Jinguang in commanding. It was these two men who commanded the Lameng garrison and later died in Songshan.

Keijiro Kanemitsu was born in the 29th year of Meiji, a native of Waki County, Okayama Prefecture, born in a poor farming family, and dropped out of school after graduating from high school. Taisho was conscripted into the army at the age of 20 in the fifth year of Taisho, and after 10 years of volunteer military service, he was admitted to the non-commissioned officer school and entered the ranks of officers with military qualifications. According to the military system, it is very difficult for an officer who is a second lieutenant to be promoted to a lieutenant in peacetime, and being promoted to a second lieutenant is a special case due to the lack of officers in wartime.

After graduating from the Army's infant school or the old middle school, he was admitted to the non-commissioned officer school, and after graduation, he was promoted to the rank of captain of the Shaozo Brigade, and was generally not more than 40 years old. Keijiro Kanemitsu's age is undoubtedly overage, and he is nicknamed "Old and Young". Probably because of his improper background, this "old and young man" is not as arrogant as ordinary young and strong officers, and he seems more introverted.

With a background and surname like Jin Guang, although he served as the captain of the garrison, the real power undoubtedly fell into the hands of Captain Manabe Kunensin, the adjutant of the 113th Wing.

A native of Manabe Kuni, born in the 43rd year of Meiji, is a native of Chikushino City, Fukuoka Prefecture. He graduated from the Kumamoto Corporal Training School and the 56th Infantry Department of the Army Non-commissioned Officer School at the age of 34.

Manabe Kunito has always served as the commander of the forward position. He knew every corner of the Matsuyama position inside out and was able to command reasonably, and he liked to shout and be very stern when issuing orders.

This person, who was "prestigious" and "kinder" in the eyes of the soldiers, was actually a cruel man. Manabe Kunito was the captain of the 1st Squadron of the 113th Wing.

During an encounter during the confrontation across the river, a soldier of the Yue Army, who was driving Lami's ox cart, was surrounded by seven Chinese soldiers near the Scoop. At that time, the army knelt on the ground and begged for mercy, but the seven Chinese soldiers did not kill him. But on the way back, he ran into a squadron of Manabe Kunites, and seven Chinese soldiers were captured by the Japanese army. One Chinese soldier was hit while fleeing, and the other escaped. At that time, the leader of the 1st squadron, Kunito Manabe, ordered Private Takahashi to stab to death all the other five people who knelt on the ground and begged for mercy with a bayonet.

Who can imagine what kind of devils and beasts the army entrenched in Songshan is!

The army took Songshan and Rolling Longpo as its two strong strongholds in the east and west, and each other was a horn. Its fortress group is systematic, scattered in the dense forests and grasses and complex hills in the north and south of Songshan. The 113th Wing and the Special Forces Brigade of the Army were wounded more than 2,000 soldiers and more than 10 light and heavy guns, and the front was about 4,000 meters from the eastern end of Songshan to the Rolling Dragon Slope, forming a number of fortress groups as their main position belts. Each fort consists of a firing device and a trench below, and a tunnel-like shelter below. The bunker is divided into four layers, from bottom to top, the first layer is 40 to 50 cm in diameter, the second layer is 30 to 40 cm, the third layer is 25 to 35 cm, and the fourth layer is 20 to 25 cm. The top layer is cladding. It is surrounded by large gasoline drums, three layers of earth, and several layers of barbed wire with a depth of four meters. Except for the destructive power of direct hits of heavy artillery, mountain artillery is difficult to destroy.

The structure of the main body of the enemy fortress is mostly three-storey, with the upper part for shooting and observation, the middle for sleeping or shooting, and the lower part for shelter or ammunition and grain storage; In addition, the inclined tunnel is dug on the lower floor, and the basement is built at the end of it, and the basement is built around the lower floor. The fort covered wooden pillars with a diameter of 70 centimeters, arranged in rows, with four or five layers, and several layers of steel plates with a thickness of 30 millimeters, and the soil was more than 1 meter thick. Around the fort out of the ground, large gasoline barrels filled with sand and gravel are placed, arranged in three layers, and several layers of steel plates are added between the barrels, and the outside of the barrels is covered with earth, so the 150 mm howitzer heavy cannon cannot be destroyed by hitting, and the internal shock is also slight. Between the three floors of the fort, there are also two or three layers of logs with a diameter of 50 cm, so the collapse of the upper layer will not affect the lower layer. The communication trenches between the forts are criss-crossed, and the hidden trenches are dug to pass through the tunnel shelter in the fortress, and the communication trenches at the edge of the position, and there is a cover in the upper middle, or the side wall of the trench is dug to cover the trench into a ring, and the position is guarded or stretched out to eliminate the dead end. ”

After advancing to Nuxi in May 1942, the army began to build positions with Songshan as a three-in-one strategic goal of garrison center, offensive base and defensive support point. In 1943, with the defeat of the army in the Pacific theater, the strategic experts of the army foresaw that the role of Songshan as an important support point for the defense system of western Yunnan and northern Burma was highlighted as the first place, and it was planned to build Songshan as a permanent defensive fortress.

As a result, the 15th Army of the Burmese Front ordered the 56th Division to dispatch an engineer wing, and forcibly recruited a large number of civilians from western Yunnan, Burma, India and other places, and worked day and night under the command of the engineer wing, and the troops of the Lameng garrison were also put into the project.

The construction of the bunker complex is divided into two phases.

In the first stage, Matsuyama was considered as an advance position for further attacks on Hozan, supplemented by a counteroffensive by the expeditionary force, so a total of 17 peripheral positions such as the main road position and the Haraguchiyama position were built, including two positions at the river-crossing monitoring point. The work was carried out by the 56th Engineer Wing and was completed at the end of 1942. In the second stage, seeing that the offensive was hopeless, the army turned to Songshan as a support point defense, and began to strengthen and expand the position in the belly of Songshan, adding a total of 11 original positions. The initial work was carried out by the 56th Engineer Wing and later by the infantry artillery of the Ramon garrison, and was completed on the eve of the expeditionary force's counteroffensive.

The biggest problem of the project was the lack of cement in the local area, and it was difficult to transport it from a long distance due to the inconvenient transportation, which forced the army to make the best efforts in the design of the fortifications and the use of local materials. Therefore, when building large-caliber howitzer bunkers for the main fortifications, the trenches were dug to a depth where only the muzzle of the guns could be seen on the ground. The trench wall is divided into three protective walls, the outermost is the mezzanine, the army saws the thick logs of the two people into wooden planks more than two meters long, and sandwiches an iron plate with a thickness of 32 mm between the two layers of wooden planks, and directly planted into the soil as a protective wall; Then there are two rows of iron drums filled with earth and stone to form a sand and gravel protective belt; Finally, there is the stake wall, which is fixed with a stake longitudinally or horizontally every two or three sections. The pillars in the trench were also used by tying several pine logs together.

Due to the lack of cement, Nakasa Komuro, the commander of the 56th Engineer Wing, ordered to bury soil on top of the pine wood to fully solidify it, and then spread weeds on the surface as a camouflage. In this way, the strength of the fortifications is guaranteed to withstand direct hits from howitzer shelling and air raids. Later, it was discovered that the structure could be waterproof, which was a bonus.

The greatest physical exertion in the construction of fortifications is the harvesting and transportation of logs. Komuro Nakasa knew that the big trees on the position could be used as cover for the position, and could not be cut down. In this way, the required timber was harvested from the dense forests in the valley south of the main position. You can imagine how hard it was to carry the pine trees on the winding mountain roads with homemade tractors and manpower. All these difficulties were overcome in the fanaticism of the army with a deep belief in the victorious outcome of the "Great East Asian Holy War."

At the end of the second phase of the project, the Chinese expeditionary force on the east bank of the Nu River had already made some moves, and the army began to catch up. At this time, the artillery from Fukuoka, Saga and Nagasaki in Kitakyushu came into play, and many of them worked as miners before joining the army, so they knew how to dig tunnels. The army bends the tunnel in a "T" shape in the appropriate place, first 10 meters forward, and then 20 meters to the left and right. It has been repaired and widened to become a cave, so that weapons, ammunition, and other materials can be stored. The tunnel was widened so that it could be used as a reserve barracks in the event of shelling of the main barracks, and at the same time it could also contain wounded soldiers. The caves have multiple exits to avoid the danger of suffocation and burial, and the caves are interconnected to each other for a higher level of security.

The perimeter of the fort was covered with cobweb-like communication trenches that connected the main positions, and even infantry artillery could move back and forth through the communication trenches. Although the trenches were not built like bunkers, they were covered and had a large number of cave-like shelters in the side walls, allowing soldiers to evade artillery attacks and suddenly drill out to counterattack after the enemy had entered the position. In addition, each section of the communication trench is also connected with a large number of foxholes, the mouth of the pit is about 80 centimeters wide, the pit is wider, in the shape of a canister, and the infantry can stand up and shoot. Some of the bases are equipped with barbed wire, and two or three more roads are set up around the outskirts of the base group, each 4 meters deep, and fixed with two-meter-high wooden or iron piles. The innermost layer of the stronghold was also set up with iron sheets, which were 2-5 cm wide and nailed to wooden stakes. At road intersections, it is mostly used to open and close the horse. In front of the dead corners and barbed wire fences on key highways, mines and alternative mines restructured with artillery shell fuses are also laid.

Finally, the army also considered how to ensure the smooth flow of communications during the vicious war, and decided to focus on reliable wired telephones. Telephone lines connected the various positions, burying important lines deep underground. Among them, there are 6 telephone lines used to direct heavy artillery positions, 3 of which are laid on the ground and 3 are buried underground in case the ground lines are broken. The place where the telephone exchange was made was a cement trench, and it was undoubtedly very wise for the army to use the precious small amount of cement to ensure communication. In addition, the various positions, the command headquarters, and the two monitoring posts above the Nu River crossing point were also connected by Type 6 radios.

Before the attack of the [***] team, the army had built a fortified defensive position in the form of a castle on Songshan. The whole position is based on the topography of the peaks of the Songshan Mountains, and is organized into 7 stronghold groups in Rolling Longpo, Dayakou, Songshan, Xiaosongshan, Dazhai, Huangjiashuijing, Loess Slope and Malutang, each stronghold group is centered on several of the strongest mother forts, and there are several sub-forts around the periphery, with a total of more than 40 sub-fortresses. The fortresses flanked each other and covered each other. With the completion of the fortress group, the entire Songshan has been nearly hollowed out, like a large ant nest, and the underground transportation network extends in all directions, and the electric light and water supply have been solved.

During the construction of the position, General Toshiichi Terauchi, commander of the southern part of the country, Lieutenant General Shozo Kawabe, commander of the Burma Front, and Lieutenant General Ryoya Mutaguchi, commander of the 15th Army, were all accompanied by Lieutenant General Yuzo Matsuyama, commander of the 56th Division, and they watched the heavy artillery bombardment and aircraft bombing tests on the spot. Tests showed that several 500-pound heavy bombs hit the fortifications directly and did not cause damage to the interior of the fortifications. The commanders of the army were extremely satisfied with this. In his report to the Southern Army, Kawabe said: "The fortifications of Matsuyama were strong enough to withstand a fierce attack of any intensity, and could hold on for more than eight months. ”

The Matsuyama position was strong enough, but it was only really strong if it killed all the outsiders who knew its secrets. Just like the Kwantung Army's practice of building the border fortress of "Manchukuo", after the completion of the Songshan position, the army secretly executed all the more than 1,670 civilians who had been captured from the occupied areas to build fortifications.

On the west bank of the Nu River, the Yue army made long-term plans for defense. The unanimous order given to the garrisons of the strongholds of Lameng, Tengyue, Longling, Mangshi, Pingjia, and Rolling Lane was: "When the enemy attacks, strive to annihilate it; When we attack, we should use this as a base. For the Lameng garrison, which is in a particularly strategic position, there is another supplementary requirement: "The garrison must not only deal with the enemy with a strong superiority on the ground, but also deal with the attack of the air force in the sky, and hold the Lameng position with a small number of troops, so that the main force of the division and regiment can facilitate operations." ”

Based on this, while strengthening the construction of positions, the military training of the Western Yunnan Army has not been relaxed for a moment.

At that time, the Lameng garrison, which was at the farthest end of the invasion front, also became a hot spot of concern in the rear of the city, and the bigwigs and reporters came to offer condolences one by one.

Terauchi Shouichi, commander of the Southern General Army, came to Matsuyama to inspect the sky, which opened the eyes of the soldiers of the Ramon garrison. Soon, Yoko Mizuki, a female playwright, came to Matsuyama to collect style for the creation of the so-called "national policy" movie.

The condolence group organized by the Broadcasting Association traveled to Matsuyama from all over the ocean, accompanied by singers such as Umei and Ayako Okuyama, who were just popular in the country, and a large group of young female dancers, which feasted the eyes of the soldiers of the Japanese army. In order to rush to drive the actress to be courteous, a military commander Cao Chang also overturned his car near Zhen'an Street and died. Lieutenant Takahashi Tomi, a military doctor of the Lameng garrison, rushed to the rescue with the health soldiers, and his heart was full of excitement and relief because he touched the skin of these women from his own country.

All these activities are aimed at cheering up the "elite" and "vanguard" of this invading army. Later facts showed that these high-level condolences and performances were not only an ode to these so-called "Kyushu boys", but also the last elegy sung to them.

Soon after the army entered and occupied Matsuyama, Matsui Hideji, the commander of the Lameng garrison and the commander of the 113th wing, ordered the opening of the "Lameng Comfort Station" at Da Yakou. At first, three or four women were quietly brought from Burma, and they lied to them that they were working as hostesses, just pouring wine. Three of the women, who had husbands, were also arrested to boil bathwater and give out tickets to comfort stations. The army forced these women to satisfy the soldier's desire for a surname under the nose of her husband.

The first batch of comfort women, officially recruited, were loaded into carriages and transported. The first to arrive were 10 North Korean girls, who were deceived by the army because they had been recruited to serve and organize death squads for the officers' club to "defend their country", and when they arrived on the transport ship, they announced that they had come to be memoralists of women. Despite the tears that these ten-year-old girls shed, they were forced to undergo "internship" training and were sent in. At the beginning of 1943, five more women and five North Korean girls were sent. The first 10 North Korean girls were exchanged for Longling, and they were still exchanged for 10 North Korean girls.

The comfort women were treated differently here: the comfort women of the country and the North Korean were "Bang people" and were cared for to a certain extent by the army; Chinese comfort women were arrested on an ad hoc basis and could be humiliated at will. Two years later, before the end of the Lameng garrison, the fate of these comfort women was very different: the Chinese comfort women, who were the most numerous, had the lowest status and suffered the most brutal torture.

In order to strengthen the garrison, in addition to strengthening the construction of Songshan fortifications, the Lameng garrison of the army carried out frenzied burning, killing, and silver looting in dozens of villages around Songshan, implemented the "three lights" policy, and created an "unmanned demonstration area".

During the period of entrenchment in Songshan, the Yue army also used captured prisoners of war of the Chinese Expeditionary Force to perform [***] dissections on several occasions. This kind of war crime of exterminating human surnames, which was initiated by Unit 731 of the Kwantung Army, was spread to all battlefields at that time.

The internal description of the incident was: "Experiments were carried out with enemy detectives who had to be executed, and they were injected with anesthetics, and while observing the body's reactions, they were dissected alive little by little until the person died." This is another way to change the execution of the death penalty from the top. ”

At that time, the military stipulated that if such an autopsy was to be performed, it could only be carried out with an exoneration certificate issued by a superior military medical officer, and if the autopsy was performed casually, it would be punished. In fact, not many troops care about this rule.

This behavior is exactly the same as the 731st unit of the Kwantung Army using "Ma Lu Da" (meaning "material", the name of the dissected person at that time) to dissect the surname!

(To be continued)