In the first year of Zhangwu (221), Liu Bei launched the Battle of Yiling shortly after becoming emperor in an attempt to recapture Jingzhou and avenge Guan Yu. www.biquge.info This battle was expected by Liu Ye in the Cao Wei group, but many people in Yizhou did not support it, and Zhao Yun, the general under his command, directly expressed his opposition.

In the face of Liu Bei's offensive, Sun Quan first sent an envoy to sue for peace, and after failing to do so, he actively resisted with Lu Xun as the commander and united with Cao Pi externally.

[Liu Ye's expectations]

In the first year of the early Huang Dynasty (220), Emperor Cao Pi of Wei appointed Liu Ye as a servant and gave him the title of Marquis of Guannei.

Later, Emperor Wen issued an edict asking the ministers, asking them to predict whether Liu Bei would send troops to Wu to avenge Guan Yu. Everyone's discussion said: "Shu is just a small country, and the famous general is only Guan Yu." Guan Yu is dead, the military is declining, and there is no chance to send troops again due to domestic worries and fears. Liu Ye said: "Although Shu is small and weak, Liu Bei's plan is to rely on his might and self-improvement, and he is bound to use all the soldiers to show that he has more than enough." And the relationship between Guan Yu and Liu Bei is nominally a monarch and a minister, but in terms of kindness, it is like a father and son, Guan Yu was killed and Liu Bei could not raise troops to avenge him, which is unjustifiable in their relationship from beginning to end. ”

Later, Liu Bei really sent troops to attack Wu. Wu responded to the war and sent envoys to Wei to claim themselves vassals. The ministers of the DPRK and China all congratulated, but only Liu Ye said: "Wu is located in the south of Jianghan, and we are isolated from there, and it is a fact that they have no intention of surrendering. Your Majesty, although your benevolence is the same as Yu Shun's, those ugly brute temperaments have not been influenced. It must be difficult to be trustworthy to surrender because of a disaster. They must have sent this envoy to the ministry when there was a Shu army outside and it was very difficult inside. We can attack and take them while they are in danger. Indulging the enemy for one day is a hidden danger for generations, and it must be examined. ”

[Liu Bei sent troops]

Liu Bei wanted to attack Eastern Wu after he became emperor, in order to avenge Sun Quan's capture of Jingzhou and Guan Yu's revenge, and Zhao Yun, the general of the Yi army, admonished: "**** is Cao Cao, not Sun Quan, after destroying Cao Wei, Sun Quan of Eastern Wu will naturally surrender." Although Cao Cao has died, his son Cao Pi usurped the throne, causing public outrage, and should take advantage of this public anger to capture Guanzhong first, occupy the upper reaches of the Yellow River and Weishui to crusade against the rebels, then the righteous soldiers of Kwantung will be wrapped in grain and horses to welcome the king. Cao Wei should not be placed, but Dongwu should be attacked first. Moreover, once the war with Soochow began, it was not easy to stop, and it was not the best policy to attack Wu. But the angry Liu Bei did not listen to the advice and insisted on the eastward expedition, leaving Zhao Yun to supervise Jiangzhou.

In addition to Zhao Yun, Qin Mi, who was engaged in sacrificial wine, said that the time was not right, and it would be difficult to win, and dissuaded Liu Bei from sending troops, so he was convicted and imprisoned, and was later pardoned and released.

Overall, at that time, the Yizhou group was not very supportive of Liu Bei's sending troops to attack Eastern Wu. In fact, this is also very understandable, although Sun Quan and Liu Bei have fallen out, but in the final analysis, Liu Bei's primary enemy is Cao Wei, who usurped the Han Dynasty, not Sun Quan.

And after Guan Yu's death, Liu Bei did not send troops for revenge for him at the first time, but waited until Cao Pi took the throne to usurp the Han Dynasty, and there was also a reason.

First of all, at the beginning of Sun Quan's killing of Guan Yu and seizing Jingzhou, Sun Quan had already joined forces with Cao Cao, and Liu Bei needed to be wary of Cao Cao's forces in his crusade against Sun Quan at this time, and under Cao Wei's deterrence, Liu Bei had no chance to take revenge on Sun Quan. So Liu Bei needs to wait for the opportunity, but soon Cao Cao also died, and Cao Pi took the throne, compared to Cao Cao, Cao Pi's deterrent power is much smaller.

But at the beginning of Cao Pi's ascension, Liu Bei did not immediately send troops, but waited until Cao Pi usurped the Han Dynasty, and Liu Bei himself became the emperor before finally choosing to send troops for revenge.

Secondly, Liu Bei wants to crusade against Sun Quan and avenge Guan Yu, and he also needs to do a lot of preparation work in the early stage. When Guan Yu died in Sun Quan, Liu Bei's soldiers had just finished the battle of Hanzhong, and Yizhou had also spent too much strength in this battle, which required recuperation, so Liu Bei was in a hurry.

In history, the reason why Liu Bei crusaded against Sun Quan at this time mainly had three purposes, the first was to avenge Guan Yu, the second was to recapture Jingzhou, and the third was to punish Sun Quan.

The relationship between Liu Bei and Guan Yu in history is very close, although they did not become brothers with different surnames as rumored in later generations, but they are also like brothers and sisters, as close as father and son, it can be said that Liu Bei debuted for many years, Guan Yu followed Liu Bei for how long, in the battle of Xiangfan, Mi Fang was obviously Liu Bei's brother-in-law, and had a kinship, but they were willing to surrender to Sun Quan and were unwilling to find Liu Bei to make a small report, it can already be seen that Guan Yu and Liu Bei have a good relationship.

So Liu Bei wants to avenge Guan Yu.

The second is also very easy to understand, Jingzhou and Yizhou are one of Liu Bei's targets, Zhuge Liang has already mentioned the importance of Jingzhou as early as Longzhong in China, so Liu Bei wants to recapture Jingzhou.

But Liu Bei wants to recapture Jingzhou, and crusading against Sun Quan does not mean that Liu Bei will eliminate Sun Quan, these two points are still different, so Liu Bei wants to punish Sun Quan and force him to give up Jingzhou.

【Koto countermeasures】

Liu Bei attacked Wu in the east, Sun Quan sued for peace, and Zhuge Jin wrote to Liu Bei: "Your Majesty came all the way to the White Emperor, I am afraid that it was because King Wu invaded Jingzhou and endangered Guan Yu, and he had a lot of resentment. You should not talk about peace, you are the heart of a small person, and you are unwilling to focus on the big picture. I have tried to judge the weight and size of it for Your Majesty. If Your Majesty suppresses his anger and anger, he can decide immediately, and there is no need to consult the generals. How does the intimacy between His Majesty and Guan Yu compare with the first emperors of the Han Dynasty? How does the size of Jingzhou compare to the domestic states? Who should take these hatreds first? If you think about it, isn't it a simple thing? ”

However, Liu Bei did not allow it, and Sun Quansui asked Cao Wei for peace again, and also sent back Yu Ban and other generals, and took Lu Xun, who was only thirty-nine years old, as the governor of the capital, and led the troops against Liu Bei. Cao Pi felt Sun Quan's sincerity and sent Xing Zhen as an envoy to canonize Sun Quan as the king of Wu.

According to the "Book of Wei", Sun Quan wrote and said: "Liu Bei has 40,000 people and 2,000 horses. The emperor said: "The disadvantages of the hustle and bustle of the past, the calamity of the city, the fowl of Ziyang, changed into a pass, the general was mighty and mighty, and he reluctantly performed miraculous feats to praise my intentions." ”

In history, when Liu Bei sent troops, the reason why Sun Quan chose to sue for peace at the beginning was not because Sun Quan was afraid of Liu Bei, but because Sun Quan was afraid of Cao Wei and was afraid of being attacked from both sides, so Sun Quan showed a low profile when treating Cao Pi and Liu Bei.

In fact, with the strength of the Jiangdong Group at that time, it was not a problem to defend against only one of the princes of Cao Pi and Liu Bei, but if it was caught between the two, it would be dangerous.

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