105 Jingnan banknote customs
(Today's third chapter, brothers, the recommendation is really rising too slowly, roll around and ask for a recommendation!) )
She sighed, and there was a hint of gloom in her eyes: "It's only now that I know that it's not far away, it's an adult!" ”
Lian Zining nodded and said, "Didn't I tell those shopkeepers just now that I was going to send someone to their store to be an inspector?" How about this errand assigned to you? ”
"Huh?" Rong Yue was surprised and delighted: "Send it to me?" This ......"
"What, don't want to?"
"Yes, of course." Rongyue responded with a stack of voices, as if she was afraid that this errand would fall into the ground and run away.
Lian Zining said with a smile: "I have some rough benzene under my hands, it is easy to fight and kill, and it is difficult to teach them to read and read, let alone settle accounts, this errand is not an easy one, can you do it?" ”
"This adult doesn't have to worry, as long as you put down your power and let me defend it, the little woman promises that within three days, this matter will be done properly." Rongyue agreed to come down.
Lian Zining nodded: "There are no more people now, and the people outside are not trustworthy, so I will allocate five of you to use them first, and you can observe by yourself during this period of time and find a few reliable people to absorb them." When there are enough ten people, I will raise you to make a small flag. ”
Rongyue's eyes shot a dazzling brilliance: "What do you mean by adults, women can also be officials?" ”
"Of course!"
In the next few days, Lian Zining traveled between Chenzi and Dai's mansion, and five days later, he finally got what he wanted - a piece of paper.
Although the document is light, it seems to weigh a thousand pounds in Lian Zining's hands.
Because this is a paper document that allows the establishment of banknotes.
Banknote customs, is a unique scenery of the Ming Dynasty, to put it bluntly, is the level of taxation, the earliest banknote customs is the political axe for the dredging of the banknote law and set up, because at first it was to pay taxes with banknotes (banknotes), so it is called banknote customs.
Xuande was founded in four years, "Xuande four years, the money law is not passed, and the goods are not taxed by commercial and residential goods." It is a tax tax for merchants in Beijing Province to gather in the towns and towns...... To put it bluntly, this is the emperor who is uncomfortable when he sees that those merchants only occupy the territory and do not take money, so he thought of a reason to start collecting taxes. At first, it was subordinate to the Ministry of Households, but later it was under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of War because its taxes were mostly used to pay for military rewards.
When we first met, there were 13 before and after the banknote customs. At the time of Xuande, the area of the customs was mainly along the North Canal, including Miaoxian Pass (moved to Hexi in the 11th year of orthodoxy), Linqing Pass, Jining Pass, Xuzhou Pass, Huai'an Pass (in present-day Qingjiang, Jiangsu), Yangzhou Pass (in present-day Jiangdu County, Jiangsu), and Shangxinheguan (in present-day Nanjing). During the Jingtai and Chenghua periods, Jinshazhou Pass (in the southwest of Wuchang, Hubei), Jiujiang Pass, Zhengyang Pass (in Shou County, Anhui Province), Hushu Pass (also known as Suzhou Pass, in Xuguan Town, Suzhou), and Beixinguan (in Hangzhou, Zhejiang) were set up along the Yangtze River, Huaishui and Jiangnan Canal.
After several cuts, when the first emperor Hongzhi Emperor, once all the cuts, when he just ascended the throne, he acted quite deviantly, what the minister said, he didn't do much, so not only the past banknotes were re-established, but also added a few new places, forming the pattern of today's banknote customs.
Standing outside Dai's mansion, Lian Zining looked at the cabinet decree in his hand that was transcribed on the fine silk - the emperor's decree is called the holy decree, and the order passed by the cabinet chief or the cabinet is called the decree, and its role and status are roughly equivalent to the order of the State Council in later generations, although it is not a law, but it also has legal effect. And just like in later generations, many people did not abide by the law but obeyed more administrative orders, the Ming Dynasty was similar, and sometimes the emperor's decree was not as effective as this cabinet decree - a long sigh of relief, he didn't expect that what he thought was very simple, with Dai Zhangpu's power, plus this matter is also within the jurisdiction of the Ministry of War, it should be easy to get, but he didn't expect that at this time, even Dai Zhangpu felt tricky, and it took a lot of effort to get it.
The reason why it is so difficult to do is, in the final analysis, it is still in a money word - banknotes are used to collect money. And as long as everything is stained with this money word, it will be complicated.
In fact, the tax collected by the banknote customs is not much, at the beginning of the establishment of the banknote customs is to collect the ship tax, Linqing, Hangzhou two customs also collect the goods tax, by the imperial history and the head of the household supervision and collection, the ship tax to carry the merchant goods of the ship as the object of taxation. At the initial stage, according to the distance of transportation and the size of the ship, the length and width of the ship are divided into different grades, and the material is estimated and taxed. Xuande stipulates in the fourth year that each section from Nanjing to Huai'an, Huai'an to Xuzhou, Xuzhou to Jining, Jining to Linqing, and Linqing to Tongzhou shall pay 100 yuan per 100 materials; The whole process between Yanjing and Nanjing, every 100 banknotes is 500 yuan. Later, it was difficult to estimate the material, and the tax was calculated by the width and narrowness of the beam, and the standard ranged from five feet to three feet and six feet.
In the sixteenth year of Chenghua, each banknote received 24 million yuan of banknotes, and 120,000 taels of silver. From Jiajing to the beginning of Wanli, the annual cashier was generally maintained at about 230,000 taels. In the middle of the Wanli period, Zhu Yijun of Mingshenzong looted on a large scale, and the tax revenue of banknotes rose sharply, rising to 335,500 taels in 25 years. In the first year of the Apocalypse, it soared to 520,000 taels, twice as many as the twenty-five years ago.
In this way, it is actually not much at all - compared with another data, you can see that in the third year of the Qing Dynasty's proclamation, that is, the last year of the erosive dynasty, the country's tax revenue was 290 million taels, and 70% of it came from the centijin - what is the centigold? To put it bluntly, it is to set up cards at each intersection to collect money, which is the same as the banknote customs.
One is 500,000 taels, and the other is more than 200 million taels, and the gap is not different from a world of difference, and even so, these banknotes are almost already boiling in the government and the opposition, and some officials are jumping every day thinking about how to abolish the banknotes.
There are almost no officials in the Ming Dynasty who do not do business at home, and these businessmen only care about making money for themselves, and they don't want to hand over a penny of money to the state. In fact, the commercial tax in the Ming Dynasty was low enough, only thirty taxes and one, and they didn't want to pay this point.
The officials of the Ming Dynasty were spoiled and spoiled by the emperor, so they scolded the emperor when they had nothing to do and fought for a clear name. And the officials of the Qing Dynasty were already afraid of being killed by the emperor, they were afraid, and they were used to being slaves, and the emperor wanted to collect taxes, so they dared to say half a word? You tried to scold the emperor in the Qing Dynasty? Also the staff? It's too cheap for you, punish you nine clans!
Therefore, regardless of the fact that the banknote customs can really collect a few taels of silver, as long as the banknotes customs are set up, it represents an attitude of collecting commercial taxes. That's why it's so difficult!
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