Liu Biao sat in Jingzhou for almost 20 years, although there were enemies on all sides, he still still had more than enough self-preservation, but in the later period, the world gradually settled, Sun Quan in the east was eyeing the enemy, and Cao Cao's army in the north pressed the border, and Liu Biao had already appeared to be overwhelmed.

Misfortune is not a one-way street, and at this time, Liu Biao's own limit also came.

【Liu Biao's Death】

In the twelfth year of Jian'an (207), Cao Cao went north to pacify the Yuan clan, defeated Wuheng, and later opened up the Xuanwu Pool to train the navy. The misfortune is that Sun Quan also attacked Jiangxia at this time, and broke Jiangxia Taishou Huang Zu, and killed him, Jingzhou's east gate no longer exists, and in the face of Cao Cao and Sun Quan's face-to-face attack, Jingzhou has begun to be precarious.

But it was not the worst, at the same time, Liu Biao's health gradually deteriorated during this period of time, and it seemed that time was running out, Liu Biao persevered for more than a year, and finally died of an attack of dorsal gangrene in August of the following year, at the age of 67.

【Literary Achievements】

Historically, Liu Biao was not only a great prince, but he was also a very outstanding literati with high literary attainments.

After the chaos in the world, Liu Biao, as the lord of Jingzhou, not only stabilized the environment of Jingzhou, but also protected thousands of scholars from Guanxi, Yanzhou, and Yuzhou who came to Jingzhou.

Later, Liu Biao opened a scholar's office, sought Confucian scholars, and ordered Qi Wuhong, Song Zhong and other scholars to write the "Five Classics Chapters and Verses", and called it Houding.

According to the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, Liu Biao wrote five volumes of "Zhou Yi Chapters and Sentences", as well as "Admonishing Wang Chang" and "Later Mourning Clothes" (i.e., "Five Classics and Chapters", co-authored with Song Zhong and others, see "Jingxue Ji Yi Literature Collection") and other works.

【Master of Success】

History commented that Liu Biao "did not attack enough, but more than succeeded". This evaluation is very appropriate for Liu Biao.

Because of Jingzhou's special strategic position, it is regarded as an important place for soldiers, and many princes such as Yuan Shu, Cao Cao, Sun Ce, Sun Quan and Zhang Jin have fought against Jingzhou in history, but none of them succeeded when Liu Biao was alive.

Yuan Shu sent Sun Jian all the way to Liu Biao's base camp Xiangyang, but he was killed because of Huang Zu's counterattack; Cao Cao's group went south four times to seize Nanyang in Jingzhou, but all of them ended in vain; The two brothers, Sun Ce and Sun Quan, repeatedly attacked Jiangxia in Jingzhou, and only in the fourth time did Sun Quan break through Jiangxia's city; Zhang Jin was weak and strong, and as a result, he died in Huangquan.

Liu Biao's Jingzhou is surrounded by enemies on all sides, Yuan Shu and Cao Cao in the north, Liu Yan and Liu Zhang in the west, Sun Ce and Sun Quan in the east, and Zhang Xian's father and son and Zhang Jin in the south.

But the same "undercapture" is not a lie. Liu Biao rarely took the initiative to send troops out of the country to fight against foreign enemies in history. The recorded initiative was the time when he sent Liu Bei north to crusade against Cao Cao. In addition, at most, Huang Zu sent Huang Shot to support Liu Xun and sent Deng Long to crusade against Chaisang, and Liu Pan harassed Yangzhou.

After Dong Zhuo's death, the Xiliang army was in power by Li, Guo and others, when Liu Biao was the first to send an envoy to pay tribute, indirectly recognized the imperial court, so it was vigorously wooed by the Xiliang group, the Chang'an court at that time not only promoted Liu Biao to the state pastor, allowed him to open the government, and even let Liu Biao supervise and manage the other three states in the south, Yizhou, Yangzhou and Jiaozhou.

But Liu Biao did not take advantage of this opportunity at all, he failed to use the name of the imperial court to extend his power to the other three states in the south, even if Jiaozhou was weak, Yangzhou was in chaos, and Yizhou changed owners.

In the first year of Xingping (194), Liu Yan died of illness, and his son Liu Zhang was immediately enthroned, Yizhou was unstable because of the change of ownership, and Liu Biao, he just sent Liu Yan under his command to oppose Liu Zhang's generals Shen Mi, Lou Fa, Gan Ning and others, but did not send a soldier to take advantage of the situation, as a result, Liu Zhang sent Zhao Wei to quell the rebellion, Yizhou did not have anything to do with Liu Biao.

Liu Biao made an unforgivable mistake on the issue of Nanyang, when Zhang Ji and Zhang Xiu and others invaded Nanyang and suffered failure, Liu Biao not only did not mobilize troops to quickly suppress it, but handed over Nanyang, the gateway to his north, and finally cheapened Cao Cao in vain.

After Sun Ce went south, Liu Miao asked Liu Biao for help, Liu Biao did not send a soldier, but took advantage of the death of Yuzhang Taishou to send his own person Zhuge Xuan as Yuzhang Taishou, and later Xuchang Imperial Court appointed Yuzhang Taishou Zhu Hao to crusade against Zhuge Xuan, Liu Biao did not see any action.

In the fifth year of Jian'an (200), Yuan Shao and Cao Cao confronted each other in Guandu, and Liu Biao did not send an army until Yuan Shao was defeated after promising to help Yuan Shao, although Liu Biao may have been subject to the civil strife in the south and the invasion of Zhang Jin, but Liu Biao did not have any troops from the beginning to the end, and did not even have the intention of harassing Cao Cao's rear.

But later Liu Biao suppressed Zhang Jin, Zhang Jin was also killed by his subordinates, Liu Biao only sent his subordinate Lai Gong to serve as the assassin of Jiaozhou, and later sent Wu Ju to guard Cangwu, but Jingzhou's army still did not go out of Jingzhou.

In the sixth year of Jian'an (202), Liu Biao once sent 10,000 foot cavalry to seize Western Hubei, but in fact, Exian County was located in Jiangxia County in Jingzhou, and Liu Biao only recaptured the territory occupied by Cao Cao.

Later, Cao Cao pacified the four northern states, but then led the army north to crusade against Wuheng, giving Liu Biao a key opportunity, at that time Liu Biao could take the opportunity to occupy Xuchang, seize the Son of Heaven, and give Cao Cao the group a fatal blow, but despite Liu Bei's strong admonition, Liu Biao was finally unmoved, and later Cao Cao returned victorious, Liu Biao regretted it. This is actually Cao Cao's last chance to give Liu Biao.

However, Liu Biao was not completely unambitious in history, after the relationship with Cao Cao deteriorated, he began not to pay tribute to the imperial court, and did a lot of things that exceeded the law and disturbed his duty, and also worshiped heaven and earth, and the etiquette was intended to refer to the monarch.

【Liu Jingzhou in History】

Name: Liu Biao

Attributes: Leadership (B+) Liu Biao, as a member of the royal family and the assassin of Jingzhou appointed by the imperial court, has a very high starting point, but he can hold Jingzhou, but he can't develop it further

Politics (B+) As the lord of Jingzhou, Liu Biao is not a mediocre person, but he is also not a bright lord

General Comment (A+) Liu Biao is one of the most important princes in the Three Kingdoms era, and his historical status is not low

Alias (title): Liu Jingsheng

Gender: Male

Ethnicity: Han

Occupation: Princes

Official positions: General Zhennan, pastor of Jingzhou

Knight: Marquis Chengwu

Family origin: Clan

Born and died: 142---208

Place of birth: Gaoping, Shanyang, Qingzhou

Main social relations: Son (Liu Qi, Liu Cong)

Major Experiences:

From 142 to 190, at the end of the Han Dynasty and seven other wise men, he was called "Bajun", and later fled under the oppression of the party, and was attached to the general He Jin after being lifted

From 190 to 191, Liu Xian rode into Jingzhou, united with Yuan Shao to fight against Yuan Shu, repelled the invading Yuan Shu army, and killed his general Sun Jian

From 191 to 207, Liu Biao stabilized Jingzhou, resisted Cao Cao in the north, rebelled in the south, and attacked Sun in the east

From 207 to 208, Cao Cao and Sun Quan attacked Jingzhou on both sides, and Liu Biao also died of a backlash

Summary: There is more than enough to defend, but not enough to attack.