March 30, 1960, Deng Feng. Li Dawei and more than 50 other NPC deputies jointly submitted to the Second Plenary Session of the Second National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China a "Proposal on Formulating the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics and Establishing the China Cultural Relics Protection Committee."

On June 11, the President of the People's Republic of China promulgated Order No. 35 of the President of the People's Republic of China, and the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics" was formulated and adopted by the 10th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Second National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on June 11, 1960.

At the same time, the State Council has also established the Committee for the Protection of Cultural Relics of the People's Republic of China, which is composed of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the People's Court, the People's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, the General Administration of Customs, and the Administration of Cultural Relics of the Ministry of Culture. The functions of the China Cultural Heritage Protection Commission are to protect the cultural relics existing in China in accordance with the law, and to recover and claim for important cultural relics lost abroad.

Cultural relics are all valuable material relics left over from the historical development process of human society, created by human beings or related to human activities. It is an important part of a country's spiritual and material wealth. China's long history and vast territory, as well as its diverse ethnic groups, have created an incomparably brilliant culture in the course of historical development, which is unmatched by any other country or nation in the world.

The cultural relics preserved by China in the past dynasties are also the most preserved and complete countries in the world. These cultural relics objectively and truthfully record the glorious course of China, a big country with a history of more than 5,000 years, and are the high embodiment of the crystallization of the wisdom of the Chinese people. It has extremely important historical, artistic and scientific value for the study of Chinese history and the history of mankind.

It is a pity that due to the First Opium War provoked by the Western colonizers in 1840 and the subsequent outbreak of the "Taiping Heavenly Kingdom" movement against the rule of the Manchu Dynasty, internal and external troubles made [***] incompetent Manchu political axe, resulting in a large amount of damage and loss of Chinese cultural relics.

To effectively protect China's cultural relics and to recover and claim for important cultural relics lost abroad, it is impossible not to involve the two "robbery cases" that caused the greatest loss of cultural relics in Chinese history.

On June 15, 1960, the Cultural Relics Administration of the Ministry of Culture and the Yanjing Municipal People's Congress reported to the Yanjing Municipal Public Security Bureau in accordance with Article 49 of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics, and requested the Yanjing Municipal Public Security Bureau to report the case to the Yanjing Municipal Public Security Bureau in accordance with Articles 32, 34, 40 and 64 of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics. Bruce and the Anglo-French forces of Montauban, the general of the French side, carried out robbery, murder, arson, damage to cultural relics and other crimes in the Old Summer Palace in Haidian District, Yanjing. At the same time, it is required to investigate the parties involved in the incident and the British and French political axes that instigated and connived at this crime.

The Yanjing City Public Security Bureau is required to file a case for investigation in accordance with Articles 32, 34, 40, and 64 of the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics" for the crimes of robbery, homage, arson, and damage to cultural relics that occurred in Yanjing between August 14, 1900 and September 7, 1901, and at the same time demand that the parties involved in this incident and Britain, France, Germany, the Soviet Union, the United States, Italy, Austria, and Hungary be investigated. Belgium, Spain, the Netherlands and other countries have civil liability attached to criminal crimes.

The Yanjing City Public Security Bureau immediately transferred the case to the Ministry of Public Security of China, which in turn transferred the case to the Cultural Relics Protection Commission of the People's Republic of China.

The purpose of China's trick is to show that China is a country governed by the rule of law and that everything is carried out in accordance with legal procedures, and also to exert greater pressure on the political axe, the successors of these former imperialist powers, to make this matter a huge and powerful one, so that the people of the whole world can know what kind of goods these countries that claim to be free, open-minded, and human rights.

After Li Dawei took over the case, he made a special trip to Ulaanbaatar in the Outer Mongolia Prefecture to meet Deng Feng, and on the one hand, he asked Deng Feng to seconded the No. 9 reconnaissance detachment of the Flying Leopard Commando led by Yang Guang to the "two case task forces" in order to strengthen the strength of the "China International Criminal Police Organization."

In the small dining room of the canteen of the Far Eastern Special Workers' Commissary, three comrades-in-arms who came to the "base" talked about Li Dawei's mission while eating mutton with their hands.

"Political commissar, this time you took on this job, it's not easy to do," Yang Guang said while pouring wine for Li Dawei: "The time span is too big, there are too many countries involved, and the difficulty is too great." ”

Li Dawei took a sip of wine and said: "Since you came to this era, which work is easy to do, haven't you done it all?" ”

"That's different," Yang Guang poured his wine glass full of wine, put down the wine bottle, and said, "This time there is no experience to learn from in later generations, and it is completely done by groping." ”

"It can't be said that there is no experience of later generations to learn from, and there are still experiences of later generations, but there is no value for reference." Li Dawei grabbed a piece of mutton and said: "In order to return the cultural relics scattered in foreign countries to their hometowns as soon as possible, didn't the later generations set up a special fund for rescuing lost overseas cultural relics in China, launched the "National Treasure Project Overseas Taobao Action", and spent money to buy back a few cultural relics from abroad?"

"Damn, that's also called experience," Yang Guang scolded: "That's the most fucking cowardly method, what is the China Special Fund for Rescuing Lost Overseas Cultural Relics, what is the "National Treasure Project Overseas Taobao Action", and it is not a huge amount of money to buy one by one from those robbers and smugglers." How big is the here, who knows how big? I don't know how much of the hard-earned money that the Chinese earn by selling their labor force has fallen into the hands of overseas Taobao people. It's better not to have such cultural relics. Don't say it's just a matter of listening to my heart blocked, I also had a fight with my father who was a real estate developer for something. ”

"Therefore, the experience of later generations is not something that can be used for reference," Li Dawei said with a smile: "It is simply impossible to buy all the cultural relics scattered in foreign countries with money, and it is impossible to buy back the better things at all." So take advantage of this great opportunity to be able to get back to the point. In order to get back as many cultural relics that have been lost overseas as possible, we must use both 'black and white', diplomatic and military at the same time, and we must have both hands firm. Otherwise, who will spit out what has been swallowed in the stomach? ”

Yang Guang bit the mutton in his hand and said, "Yes! The political commissar is still right, if you don't spit it out, you have to take it out. ”

"So I'm here to ask you to go out of the mountain this time and disembowelment those who don't vomit."

"Come, Commissar Li, let's do one." Yang Guang picked up the wine glass and said, "Only if the division commander agrees, no problem." Come to this era and do everything happily. No matter how much you do it, it will not be bad, and it will be better than what happened in later history. After speaking, he tilted his neck and poured 1 tael of 52 degrees of Wuliangye into his mouth.

Deng Feng put a gnawed lamb rib in the receiving plate, wiped his hands with a napkin, and said: "The difficulty of this task is there, judging from some incomplete information in later generations, China has lost more than 10 million pieces of cultural relics overseas, of course, most of them were smuggled out after the reform and opening up, but now there are one or two million pieces." Some things are recorded, according to the British Museum's public report, the museum preserves a total of 23,579 pieces of Chinese cultural relics, and it is also the museum with the largest collection of Chinese cultural relics lost abroad. It is necessary to first bring back these Chinese cultural relics in the possession of foreign political axes. Even if you don't get it right, you have to fight for the ownership back. It's up to you to do it. For those important people scattered overseas, the 9th reconnaissance detachment of the Yang Guangfei Leopard Commando Team has to worry a lot, and this part can only be carried out slowly, because many of them are hidden very deeply by the parties concerned, and some of them are difficult to find out their whereabouts after many changes. Like the skull of the Yanjing people, it is difficult to figure out the whereabouts of the skull, which has become an unsolved case in history. ”

"It's really difficult, and the plan we have formulated has also made some revisions, and the prime minister has also read it." Li Dawei continued: "In the past, we people only knew some fur, but now we really look closely, the losses at that time were really too great, it looks really shocking, I came on the plane, read a report provided by the Late Qing Research Office of the Qing History Institute of Yenching University on the Eight-Nation Allied Army into Yanjing to burn, kill and loot, August 16, 1900, after the fall of Yanjing, the Eight-Nation Allied Army said three times, doing whatever they wanted, and the ancient capital of Yanjing suffered an unprecedented catastrophe. Tens of thousands of invaders of the Eight-Nation Coalition slaughtered and destroyed silver while looting and burning it at will. Whether it is the forbidden land of the imperial palace, the altar and temple, the palace of the official office, the palace of the prince, or even the residents' shops, they have not been spared. The situation was extremely chaotic. It is difficult to fully count the treasures and cultural relics that have been looted, destroyed, or auctioned off on the spot by the invaders. Under the leadership of the commanders of various countries, these invaders lost more than half of the treasures of the palace, and almost all the precious relics were looted, and even the gilding on the gilded fireproof water tanks was scraped off by these greedy soldiers with bayonets. The rest of the South China Sea, the Middle Sea and the North Sea, as well as the Summer Palace, were occupied by the invading armies of various countries, during which they plundered and stole even more unscrupulously. Judging from the recitals of the Ministry of the Interior and the ministers of the imperial court at that time, some of the treasures robbed in the palace were the Forbidden City: 4 volumes of the palace secret book "Changbai Longxing Commemoration", 4 scrolls of "Historical Images", 41 volumes of "Historical Saint Hanmo Authentic Works", 76 volumes of "Jade Draft", 74 volumes of "Mu Zongshilu", 45 volumes of "Guangxu Living Note", 8 volumes of "Guangxu Yuhan", a royal pen of the Empress Dowager Cixi, a pair of Guangxu Yurong, 135 volumes of "Bingye Yilan", 6 volumes of Manchurian steles, 120 scrolls of images of emperors and concubines of previous dynasties, 18 volumes of "Ningshou Jiangu", Huanghua at a glance" four volumes, four library collection of 47,506 books, as well as 20 kinds of rare books that have not been seen outside the palace, in the second Opium War, the British and French forces looted the only remaining Ming Dynasty "Yongle Canon", this time lost 307 volumes. All 34 silver seals of tiger buttons in the palace were also lost. As for all kinds of other peerless treasures, gold, silver, jade, copper, porcelain, brocade rust and other objects are innumerable, and the total value is incalculable. ”

"There's definitely more to it." Yang Guang interjected.

"Yes, there must be more than that," Li Dawei continued: "This report also enumerates 168 pieces of various sacrificial vessels that were robbed of the Sheji altar; 1,148 pieces of various sacrificial vessels were robbed of the Temple of Heaven; More than 3,000 gilded Buddha statues were robbed of Songzhu Temple, and more than 1,000 other treasures. All the government offices east of the imperial city in the front gate were burned down, and none remained. Among them, the Hubu and the Internal Affairs Office, which were in charge of the Manchu political axe and the imperial property, suffered the heaviest losses, and the invading army alone first snatched 2914856 taels of silver from the Hubu Treasury and sent them to the Yueben Embassy, and then robbed countless silk and silk silk in the Hubu Satin Warehouse and Pigment Warehouse, and then looted the 320,000 Shicang rice and all the silver taels stored in the Guansancang, Enfengcang, and Guanfang Rent Warehouse of the Internal Affairs Office. In addition, tens of thousands of historical classics of the Hanlin Academy, including the "Yongle Grand Canon", tens of thousands of newly minted copper coins in the Qian Fatang, tens of thousands of stone accumulated old rice in the Lu rice warehouse, gold and silver utensils in Taichang Temple and Guanglu Temple, and various royal chariots and horses in the Luan Jiaku, were also looted by the invading forces of various countries. According to incomplete statistics, the loss of the treasury in Beijing is about 60 million taels, and the value of the lost property is even more difficult to calculate. There is also the precious astronomical instrument of the Yanjing Ancient Observatory, which was also transported back to China after being divided between the German and French armies.

In addition to the official ministry, the princely mansions in the capital were not spared. Among them, under the guidance of the French missionaries alone, they snatched more than 200,000 taels of silver and countless antique treasures from the Liwang Mansion, and used 10 carts to pull them for 7 days; In addition, he robbed 365 strings of pearls and antiques worth about 3 million taels of silver at his home in Tobe Shangshu Tateyama. The army snatched 300,000 taels of silver hidden in the well from the home of the former minister of military aircraft, and none of the other princes and ministers were not robbed. At the same time, it should also be pointed out that in this large-scale robbery in which tens of thousands of robbers competed to participate, in addition to the officers and soldiers of various countries, there were also their diplomats, missionaries, and expatriates from various countries in Beijing. ”

"Fuck it! None of these people are dead now, and there are still alive. Yang Guang said viciously: "They should be punished as they deserve." ”

"The rest of them are all old people in their eighties and nineties," Li Dawei said with a smile.

"That doesn't make them die well!" Yang Guang still felt indignant and said: "At least you can get some clues from them."

Deng Feng said to Yang Guang: "For these people, it is still mainly to find clues about cultural relics on them and find out the situation at that time. Provide first-hand information for a diplomatic settlement. Try not to kill. ”

(To be continued)