Thinking of the final end of the singer, tears quietly blurred the eyes of the [***] lama.

At night, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway construction site is brightly lit and still busy. Yang Shuoming walked out of the shed and came to the construction site.

"The power of diesel locomotives on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at an average altitude of 4,000 meters will drop by nearly half, and the general maximum slope adaptability is 12 thousandths, and because of the lack of oxygen, the fuel combustion is not sufficient, and a large amount of exhaust gas will be generated, causing environmental pollution." Several engineers introduced Yang Shuoming, "The Qinghai-Tibet Railway is designed with a maximum slope of 20 thousandths, and the harsh climatic conditions and special geographical environment are the 'roadblocks' for the railway paving." ”

"The speed of the project is still a long way from the speed of laying in the plains, although we can ensure safety and quality."

"The problem of frozen soil is not easy to solve, this time we built the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, and many places have also referred to the experience of the Russians in building the Trans-Siberian Railway."

"That's a good progress." Yang Shuoming nodded, expressing satisfaction. After all, this was in the twenties of the twentieth century, and it was impossible for him to make too many demands on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, which had been born decades ahead of schedule.

"In fact, if there is enough manpower, the progress may still be accelerated." An engineer said.

Yang Shuoming looked at the busy workers, most of them were Han, and his brows furrowed slightly.

"Where is this brother from?" Yang Shuoming casually stopped a young man transporting concrete on the construction site and asked.

"I was originally from Henan, my hometown was Kaifeng, and later I came to Yibin, Sichuan, to farm and work for my boss. Later, he became a soldier again, but he did not catch up with the battle; After the reorganization of the troops in Sichuan, I was sent here. The young man replied.

"How's the treatment here?" Yang Shuoming asked again.

"It's a compulsory soldier here, the construction site includes food and housing, the food is not bad, vegetables, meat, rice and noodles are available, and a monthly salary of 30 silver dollars is paid, and more than half of it is sent home. It is...... I just miss my parents at home. As the young man spoke, tears flowed, "I heard that the land is divided in the house, and I want to go back and see ......."

"You're not just earning money to support your family, you're doing something meaningful. It's not bad in your hometown now, your parents have been given a piece of land, and you must be living well now, so you can do a good job here! As soon as this train is opened, you can go straight home to visit your family. Yang Shuoming patted him on the shoulder and comforted him.

Seeing off the young man, Yang Shuoming turned his head to look at the hazy mountains in the moonlight in the distance, and fell into silence.

At this time, the singing voice echoing in the head of the owner of the small scripture hall of the Potala Palace reached Yang Shuoming's ears.

Listening to the sweet singing, the expression on Yang Shuoming's face was first surprised, and then turned from surprise to excitement and excitement. And when the song was sung to the most **, he seemed to have a strong resonance, and the corners of his eyes were moist.

"It's a good song." Yang Shuoming said, "...... The beasts on the mountain have no master, but none of the people under the mountain have no master...... This serfdom must be abolished. ”

"Yes, even if it is not for the sake of more manpower at this railway site, this serfdom must be abolished." Qu Shuang, who is now a reporter for "Awakening Lion" magazine, lifted his glasses, coughed lightly, and said to Yang Shuoming.

"I understand." Yang Shuoming nodded, and his voice became a little hoarse.

Qu Shuang's investigation report on serfdom in Tibetan Province has already been read by Yang Shuoming.

In February 1923, at the request of Yang Shuoming, the Chinese political axe sent six special investigation teams, including the Tibetan Provincial Social History Investigation Team, to the Qinghai-Tibet region to conduct a comprehensive social and historical investigation. After nearly two years of investigation, the investigation has achieved great results, enabling Chinese mainland to have a better understanding of the snowy plateau. In the reports sent back by these investigation teams, without exception, the serfdom system in Tibetan province was emphasized.

“…… In Tibetan Province, all the peasants were serfs in debt for life, and they were still subject to exorbitant taxes and heavy forced labor, completely losing all their freedom, and getting poorer and poorer every year. In Tibetan provinces, all the peasants were serfs in debt for life, and it was difficult to find a single one among them who had already paid off his debts. …… In this way, all peasants were naturally subject to usury. They had to borrow money, grain, and livestock from local magnates such as Zongben, the steward of a certain lord, and the governor of a nearby monastery, and they had to pay a very high interest rate, at least twice as much as they actually borrowed, and if they borrowed money, the interest was ten percent per month. Is it enough to repay the debts of the usurers? It's completely impossible. If you can't pay the debt, you have to ask the creditors to let them continue to borrow, or to renew the unpaid portion. As a result of the delay in repayment, the interest rate has already increased many times, and even if the grace is granted, the only grain and other food that has been preserved will almost never be enough for the whole family to feed until the next year's harvest. In desperation, they had no choice but to borrow again, under the pretext of grain, and to borrow seeds ....... And so on, year after year, never ends, and there is no way to get out of debt until the time of death. And these debts fell on his son, who had been squeezed by these ancestral debts from the very beginning of his farming career, and the origin of these debts was long in the distant past, and he did not know when it began. …… They spoke very bluntly, unabashedly about their misery and poverty, and of the excesses and heavy forced labor that weighed on them. Heavy forced labor, which often forced them to leave the fields during the busy farming season, was in fact no different from any other burden that weighed on Tibetans. Everywhere there is construction for the government, roads are built, houses are built, and so on. All this heavy labor weighed down on the poor villagers, who had neither pay nor food. In addition to the government's forced assignments, the peasants had to carry luggage and goods for passing guests with errands without compensation, and had to provide them and their entourage with livestock, fodder, and food. …… Like all their kind, these peasants were poor serfs, who had no right and could not leave their homeland in search of another land and not too harsh chiefs. Several of them had fled to neighbouring areas, but were eventually snatched out of their new homes by the chieftain, brought back to the village, and fined hefty for a meal of sticks. Fearful of the punishment inflicted on his relatives by the chieftain, those who wanted to flee did not dare to flee anymore. For if one flees, all his relatives will suffer. The leader will accuse them of not stopping the escapees, and the escapee's brothers, uncles, cousins, etc., will be beaten by the leader, and then pay the fine for him. For the above reasons, these poor people can only stay in their poor land forever. They have completely lost all human freedom, and they are getting poorer and poorer every year......"

“…… Ordinary herder families in Tibetan province own their own livestock, which they can manage and dispose of as they wish. But they could not leave the land casually, or take their livestock to another territory, even if they were welcome there. …… This feudal system of fiefdom was widespread in the agricultural areas of Tibetan province, and it ensured that the religious and aristocratic elites (as well as the political axes themselves) had a certain amount of labor to exploit the lands they controlled. Essentially, all the land belonged to the Tibetan province of Lhasa, but for hundreds of years it was owned by aristocratic families, living Buddhas and monasteries as a source of repair and livelihood. Since there was no labor force to cultivate or graze the land, neither agricultural land nor pastoral grassland could become a means of subsistence, so the Tibetan system made it easy for the lords to do so by allocating labor to these territories. In essence, the fiefdoms granted to the lords were very similar to those of medieval Europe, Tsarist Russia, and feudal Russia. ”

“…… Cruel laws reflect cruel systems, and cruel systems produce cruel laws. In Tibetan Province, the aristocracy held great power and great power, and the nobles and monks jointly occupied an important position in the political axe, and their wealth was not weaker than that of the monasteries. The aristocracy could exercise official power over tenant farmers...... Confiscation of livestock, fines, flogging, short imprisonment, and all other punishments were imposed at any time by the nobles. …… The most severe punishment in Tibetan Province is the death penalty, and the lama has the assumption that the soul cannot be reborn, so the heaviest death penalty is added to the tragic state of disintegration and dry skull. The most common criminal law, where there is a capital crime, the prisoner is sewn into a leather bag, and thrown into the river, in order to sink in order to die, the leather bag is above the river, about 5 minutes to begin to fall, after seeing that it is still alive, then it is thrown and sunk, and he is dead, so his body is taken out from the leather bag and dismembered, and his limbs and body are thrown into the river, and he goes with the current ....... The punishment of amputation is used for those who have proven evidence of offense and resistance, and it is also used for robbery in the wilderness by thieves. When the limbs are severed, they must be tightened to prevent the spillage of blood...... In addition to the severed limb, there is also a kind of cruel punishment of gouging out the eye, or using concave simmering iron, placing it in the eye, or boiling oil, or boiling water, and pouring it into the eye, which is enough to make the eyeball lose sight, and then the eyeball is snatched out with an iron hook...... Once a prisoner enters the prison, there are few survivors who can avoid death. Even if it can survive, it will also lose its original cause due to all kinds of destruction. Prisoners and suspects are often confined to damp, dark, filthy and unhygienic dungeons, never to be seen. The Tibetan provincial government only gives convicts a small amount of food rations to support their ....... In addition, criminals in Tibetan Province were occasionally punished with whipping and torture. and a kind of hinge to tie his hands and feet, and to determine the time limit, and to release him at the end of the period, so that he may be free again. Sometimes they were also punished with shackles and iron locks. The heaviest punishment is up to 1,000 lashes. Only the first and the higher officials can enforce the most severe criminal law. The two flogging of the person who is flogged shall be separated from their hands and their faces to the ground, and the two flogging, each with a leather whip or wicker, shall be flogged on the two buttocks of the thighs......"

“…… The penal code in Tibetan province is the most severe. In addition to fines and imprisonment, flogging is commonplace. During the trial, it was not only the convicted person who was whipped, but also the defendant and even the witnesses. For serious offenders, both shackles and handcuffs are used. The shackle is a heavy block of square wood worn around the neck. For murderers and habitual thieves, iron shackles were used. For very serious crimes, such as murder, robbery, habitual theft, or serious forgery, the hands are chopped off (wrists), noses cut, and even eyes gouged out. And eye-gouging is mostly used for heinous political crimes. Those who had committed murder in the past were put in leather bags, sewn up and thrown into the river. ”

"The magistrate who receives a criminal case is the head of a district, the Jongmoto, and the lord of the manor (when the case concerns only their tenants). Four other magistrates are responsible for handling cases in the city of Al-Quds and its suburbs. One of these district administrators was free to whip the defendant as much as he pleased, as long as he did not beat him to death. When the stolen property has not been recovered, the defendant is often whipped several times to induce him to tell where the stolen property is hidden. There is a limit to the amount of fines that can be imposed. Except for a small portion of the political axe that he submits once a year, most of the rest goes to him. ”

"Theft is punished most severely, as in all parts of the world, and the majority of those who commit it are the poor of the population. Every day in Lhasa, you can see people who have been punished for coveting other people's possessions, with their fingers and noses cut off, and more often than not, blind people who have been blinded and engaged in begging. Second, it was also customary for the Tibetan province to have criminals put on small round wooden shackles around their necks and shackles for the rest of their lives, exiled to remote areas, and given to nobles or clan chiefs as slaves. The powerful monk power is in charge of everything, but the monks are also high and low, living a life in heaven and on earth. Even in monasteries, ordinary monks face punishment, even death, at any time......"

"There is no strong middle class in Tibetan provinces. It was the monks who controlled the feudal lords. Because the Tibetans believed in their form of Buddhism, the powerful monastic forces were in charge. Even the Buddha himself could not do anything without monks. The place was feudal and feudal. The lamas were the emperors, and the peasants were their slaves. …… These poor and the little tenant farmers worked without complaint for their spiritual masters, and they had a blind worship of these people. Although they were to give more than a tenth of their meagre income to the monastery, they were not dissatisfied. It must be remembered that at least one person from each household should be sent to become a lama. ”

"The monasteries of Tibetan province are each town, all of which are made of solid brick and stone, and each has numerous houses, halls, and monasteries. Although the markets are narrow and unclean, the temples are wide. …… The main purpose of Tibetans as lamas is to compete for fame and profit. As for seeking religious truth and engaging in saving people and helping the world, it is by no means desirable for all generations. Those who wish for nothing more than escape from the pain of real life and enjoy the pleasures of this life and the afterlife. In the minds of Tibetan monks, the idea of serving sentient beings is not worth considering...... As for the moral literacy of this generation of lamas, Yu also did not praise it. Most of the monks and nobles who never marry for life have other pleasures, and the debauchery of the low-level military monks is especially unbearable. The ordinary field of the God-welcoming competition is a place where people's desires are rampant. …… His noble monks seemed to be willing to do evil, but they secretly engaged in fraud, treachery, and disguised themselves as evildoers under the mask of false benevolence. …… The high-ranking monks lived in great comfort, each with their own private residence or nunnery, and some employed seventy or eighty servants. The life of the low-ranking monks was very bad, and the monks had to fend for themselves, and their schoolwork was too busy to provide for their needs. They do not have to pay for tea, but they have no accompaniment to drinking; It is often said that they cannot eat, and their misery is ......"

"As the supreme ruler of Tibet, the [***] lama has something more powerful than eloquence or radio because he can reward and punish in this life and in the next. Does it matter to you whether you will be a human or a pig in your next life? A lama can ensure that you are reincarnated as a great official, or better yet, as a great lama in a country where Buddhism flourishes. There is nothing more important to a Tibetan person than reincarnation in the next life, because if he is unfortunate in this life and there is no one to remove this misfortune for him, he may even be sent to hell for more than a thousand years. In such an environment, the irresistible power of the [***] lama can be imagined......"

Seeing that Yang Shuoming's face had become gloomy again, Qu Shuang knew that he remembered those reports again, and couldn't help but laugh aloud.

"Blame me, blame me, and let you think about those troublesome things again." Qu Shuang patted Yang Shuoming's shoulder and said, "Don't say it, don't say it, you even say that the saddle horse is tired, you should relax and seize the time to rest for a while." ”

"By the way, I have something to show you."

Qu Shuang said as he pulled Yang Shuoming and walked into his tent.

Qu Shuang opened one of her suitcases and began to rummage through it.

"Found it, look at it, Hanzhi, what is this?" Qu Shuang took out a bowl with a luster and brought it to Yang Shuoming, "You Yang Han have always been well-informed, have you ever seen this thing?" ”

Yang Shuoming looked at the white bowl with an ivory luster, and doubts suddenly rose in his heart. He jerked out his hand to take the bowl, and when his fingers touched the bowl, he seemed to remember something, and his face changed dramatically.

With his thoughts, the "supercomputer eye" immediately kicked in, and as a string of analysis data flashed, the anger in his eyes grew stronger.

"This is a bowl made from a girl's skull!" Yang Shuoming said in a deep voice, "Where did you come from?" Howling white? ”

"It was given to me by a Kalun official." Seeing that Yang Shuoming actually said the identity of this bowl at once, Qu Shuang couldn't help but admire, "He gave this to me as a precious gift, but he didn't know, as soon as I saw this thing, I couldn't help but be shocked." ”

(To be continued)