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Therefore, by observing the dance teams of the princes, we can know his virtues; It's like hearing someone's name and knowing what they did during their lifetime. ↑, Yao's music is called "Da Zhang", which means that Yao's virtue is prominent. The music of the Yellow Emperor is called "Xianchi", which means the Yellow Emperor's Depu Shi world. Shun's music is called "Shao", which means that Shun can inherit Yao's virtues. Yu's music is called "Xia", which means that Yu can carry forward the virtue of Yao Shun. The above are all named after Wende, and if you add Yin Zhou's music named after martial arts, the naming method is complete.

According to the laws of heaven and earth, if it is hot or cold, people will get sick, and if the wind and rain are not in tune, famine will occur. Music education is like alternating between cold and summer for the people, and if it is not timely, it will damage the hearts of the people in the world. Etiquette and religion are like a storm to the people, and if there is no moderation, the etiquette system will not work. From this point of view, the music of the first kings was used as a method of governing the people, and if used well, it could make people's behavior moral.

For example, raising pigs and making wine was not intended to cause trouble, but the number of lawsuits is increasing, which is caused by excessive drinking. The first king took this as a reference and specially formulated the etiquette of drinking. For a toast, the guests and hosts have to do a lot of courtesy, so that even if you drink all day, you won't get drunk. This is how the first king guarded against drunkenness and trouble. Therefore, drinking and eating is for the sake of mutual happiness and friendship.

Pleasure is used to show virtue, and etiquette is used to stop deviance. Therefore, when the first king had a major event such as death and mourning, he must express his sorrow with appropriate courtesy; When the first king had a big event such as a celebration, he must express his joy with appropriate etiquette. The degree of sorrow and joy is measured by the rules of propriety. Music is what the saints like, because it can improve the people's hearts, it is deeply moving, and it is easy to change customs, so the first kings paid attention to the education of music.

People have flesh and blood, and they have the nature of knowing good and bad, but the feelings of joy, anger and sorrow are not fixed. It depends on how the outside world touches people's hearts, and people's hearts will show corresponding feelings. For example, when playing a subtle and rapid tune, people feel melancholy; People feel comfortable when they play a wide, gentle, meaningful, and rhythmically concise key; People are uplifted when they play a tune that is vigorous, powerful, and exciting; When the tune of clarity, integrity, dignity and sincerity is played, people feel awe-inspired; When a relaxed, mellow, smooth, and soft tune is played, people feel loving; When playing the tunes of wandering, depravity, frivolity, and indulgence, people feel lewdness.

Therefore, when the first king composed music, he had to refer to the degree of the rhythm according to the human temperament, so that it was clear and high in its own right. It is not only in line with the peace of creation, but also follows the virtues of benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and faith, so that its yang energy is carried forward and not dispersed, the yin energy is converged and not occluded, the energy of fortitude is not angry, and the energy of suppleness is not timid, and the four are blended in the middle and manifested outside, and they are all in their place and do not interfere with each other. Then set the pace of learning, increase its rhythm, and review its literary style, so as to measure the thickness of virtue. At the same time, according to the symmetry of the degree of the rhythm, the order of the beginning and end of the chapters is arranged, so that each of the five tones resembles what it represents, so that the ethical relations between the noble and the low, the elder and the younger, and the male and female are all expressed in the music. That's why the ancients said: From music you can observe thought-provoking things.

When the land is barren, grass and trees do not grow; in mixed water; Fish and turtles do not grow much; When the qi of yin and yang is weakened, living things will be immature; When the world is chaotic, etiquette will be abolished, and pleasure will be indulged and unrestrained. Because of indulgence, it sounds sad but not dignified. Happiness but restlessness, loose and simple and rhythmic disordered, lingering and wandering without a home, the sound of a gentle voice contains evil, a cramped voice provokes desires, evokes people's ups and downs, and destroys people's peaceful virtues. Therefore, the gentleman is a despised teacher of this kind of music.

Whenever the voice of evil affects people, the evil breath in people echoes it; Evil qi became the fashion of the moment, and so sexual pleasure was born. Where the sound of purity affects people, the pure qi of people echoes it; Pure qi became a fashion for a while, and harmony was born. Singing and harmonizing, echoing each other. Disorder, perverse and deviant, crooked and upright, each with its own kind of things, which means that everything in the world runs through such a principle: the same kind corresponds. Therefore, the gentleman abandons lustful feelings, reconciles his mind, and follows good examples to achieve his virtue.

The voice of evil is not heard, and the color is messy; The pleasures of lewdness and the rites of immorality have no place in the heart; Lazy and crooked habits, do not let it contaminate the body. So that the ears, eyes, mouth, nose, mind, and body parts follow the right path to fulfill their abilities. Then it becomes the voice, accompanied by the harp; When dancing martial arts, he holds a ganqi, and when he dances a literary dance, he holds a feather in his hand, and uses a flute to accompani. Such music can show the brilliance of supreme morality, mobilize the harmony of the four qis, and thus reveal the principle of all things.

Therefore, this kind of happiness is clear and clear like the sky, omnipresent like the earth, and finally like the four hours, and the cycle rotates like wind and rain. Although the instruments are colorful, they are well organized. Although the eight-note variety, they do not interfere with each other; Although music and dance are full of variety, there are also certain rules like a 100-quarter timer. The treble and bass complement each other, and the twelve rhythms cooperate with each other, either advocating or harmonizing, or advocating or harmonizing, or clear or voiced, and the main ones are in turn. Therefore, this kind of music can make ethics good, deaf and clear-sighted, calm-hearted, change customs, and the world is peaceful.

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