Chapter 15 Precious Metal Nodules and Rare Earths on the Seabed
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Zhang Meng knew that most of the manganese nodules and cobalt crusts existed on the bottom of the Pacific Ocean, which was the unique geographical advantage of the Tang Empire. The development of seabed mineral resources can not only avoid the enemy's blockade, but also occupy the commanding heights of equipment manufacturing in advance.
Especially in the middle and late stages of World War II, the military advanced aero engines, aircraft shell materials, aircraft carrier special steel decks, electronic radar equipment, tank tracks and armor, submarine deep diving pressure-resistant shells, etc., almost every piece of military equipment needs a large number of rare metals to improve strength, toughness, metal conductivity, etc., and its core materials are huge manganese, cobalt, nickel, titanium and other precious rare metals.
Zhang Meng has always been very willing to do things that kill multiple birds with one stone.
In the twenties, although all countries did not pay attention to the collection of manganese nodules, cobalt crusts and other resources on the seabed, marine scientific research units in various countries were carrying out relevant exploration and equipment research and development.
Among them, the United States adopts the pumping method, which is to develop a super-high-power centrifugal pump installed on the ship, connect a pipe with a diameter of 4 meters and a length of 6,000 meters at the inlet of the pump to the seabed, and start the centrifugal pump to suck the ore to the ship with mud and water, and then separate the ore. This method does too much useless work and is too costly. However, this method can be used for military purposes or for other purposes in the deep sea.
The Soviet Union adopted the gas lift method, and the ship was equipped with a high-horsepower, high-pressure (>60Mpa) air compressor, so that a main pipe with a diameter of 5 meters and a length of 6,000 meters stretched into the seabed, and a secondary pipe with a diameter of 78 mm and a length of 6,000 meters was fixed outside the main pipe, and the auxiliary pipe was bent back into the main pipe from the front end of the main pipe (seabed surface), and when the main pipe approached the surface of the seabed, the high-pressure air entered the main pipe from the auxiliary pipe and rose in the main pipe. Since air is insoluble in water, the specific gravity of air is lighter than that of seawater, so it can form negative pressure at the end of the main pipe. As the main tube is moved, the ore, sediment and water from the surface of the seabed are sucked onto the ship. At present, the efficiency of this method of mining ore at a depth of 3,000 meters is okay, but it is not possible to mine at a deeper level.
Japan adopts the continuous rope fighting method, which is to install two huge crane runners (one on each side of the hull) on the mining ship, and there is a nylon rope with a diameter of 80 mm on the runner, the nylon rope is 16,000 meters long, and the end is connected to form a rope loop, and a mining bucket is fixed every 100 meters on the nylon rope. When the mining ship advances, the crane wheel rotates, and the mining bucket continuously shovels the ore into the bucket and turns to the upper part of the crane to pour out the ore. This method is inefficient and the missed mining rate is too high.
France uses the underwater shuttle method, and Germany uses an underwater crawler collector. These two methods can only be collected at about 2000 meters, and they are too sci-fi to be practical.
Zhang Meng first vetoed the methods of these two countries to collect nodules in the deep sea, and the methods of the Japanese were soon vetoed by Zhang Meng.
In the end, Zhang Meng called Tesla to help with the staff, believing that the pumping method of the Americans was the same as that of the gas lift method of the Soviets. The key equipment of these two methods is the vacuum pump jishu, which happens to have talents and equipment in this area under Zhang Meng, and the Quincy Air Compressor Company, which was previously acquired by him, also makes vacuum pumps.
So Zhang Meng brought the George brothers and John Carter over, and after explaining the situation to them, the three of them conducted an in-depth analysis and Shiyan, and soon came up with a satisfactory Jihua.
Deep-sea mining collector, this is the name of their new equipment redesigned based on the advantages and disadvantages of the pumping method and the gas lift method. The equipment is designed to weigh 280 tons, with a total power of 2500KW, a vacuum pump and a 5000-ton hydraulic press with a specific pressure of 7 Newtons per square meter on the ground, 6000 meters long, and three pipes with diameters of 5 meters, 0.8 meters and 0.6 meters respectively. Polymetallic sulphide ores can be mined by removing the anti-trap plates and agitating blades, and installing gaping pointed shovel teeth. By replacing the pointed teeth with flat teeth, the cobalt crust can be stripped.
In order to achieve this goal, the other two tubes are sucked and released by a vacuum pump and a hydraulic press to control the opening and closing of the shovel and moving it left and right, and if necessary, a deep-sea submersible motor can be used to provide a reset operation.
According to the design indicators, the success rate of the equipment to collect manganese nodule ore is 98% (because the occurrence conditions of manganese nodule ore are too harsh), the success rate of stripping cobalt crust ore is 99% (the geomorphology is more complex), and the success rate of mining polymetallic sulfide ore should be 99.9% (polymetallic sulfide ore is piled up in blocks on the seabed of about 3000 meters).
At the foot of the Tang Empire is the volcanic island and coral island, with an average water depth of 4~6 kilometers, which is the easiest area for manganese nodules and cobalt crusts to be enriched. In addition, every year, the sea water scrubs the volcanoes, the polyps decompose and the dust from the universe falls, so that the harvested area will soon be re-enriched, which is an inexhaustible source of energy.
As soon as the design of the seabed mining collector was completed, Zhang Meng immediately ordered the development of equipment and purchased more than 200,000 tons of large transport ships from the United States, which were converted into marine mining ships.
Although seabed nodules are rich in rare industrial metals that can meet the production and manufacturing of high-tech equipment in the future of the Tang Empire, the most basic is steel. Although Zhang Meng took advantage of the U.S. economic crisis to hoard steel on a large scale, sooner or later he would run out of steam, and it was impossible for the United States to keep reducing the price of steel, and when the Americans couldn't stand it, they would begin to depreciate the dollar and raise the price of steel, so Zhang Meng would not dare to hoard steel materials on a large scale.
For the sake of sustainable development in the future, Zhang Meng sold the iron ore and coal mines in the United States at the beginning, because Zhang Meng did not believe in the Americans, and transporting ore from the United States to the Tang Empire was far less close than from Australia, so Zhang Meng bought a lot of mines in Australia, only some of which have been discovered and developed, and most of them are located in undeveloped areas of Western Australia.
The mining rights of these undeveloped lands are very cheap, so Zhang Meng picked some super large mines and bought them. Several mining companies, including Ossi, have been wholly owned by Zhang Meng by various means, including the Northern Minerals Company, which owns the largest iron-rich mine in Western Australia in the future, and the Olin Metal Company, which has a large rare earth mine in Western Australia, which is 10 times the rare earth reserves of Baiyun Obo in Inner Mongolia, China, and is rich in almost all the metal elements of the rare earth family. The Hastings company has scandium ore in Queensland, which is rich only in a few countries, and is mainly used to make aluminum alloys for bicycles and space shuttles, as well as raw materials for pistols, lasers and high-brightness light bulbs.
These mines were all purchased by Zhang Meng in advance, and some have already begun mining. It's just that the rare earth processing plant of the Tang Empire has not yet been built, and it will take a year to be put into production to refine most of the rare earth elements at the earliest. The refining equipment of a very small number of rare earth elements is still in the laboratory stage, and it will not be until at least two or three years later that it will have the strength to refine it.
Just as Zhang Meng was happily deploying the strategic material reserve Jihua, a bad news came.
"Report, it was found that Luo Shanshan has entered!"
Zhang Zhong hurriedly came and immediately informed Zhang Meng of the discovery of Luo Shanshan's entry into the territory of the Tang Empire.
What a dog's nose!
When Zhang Meng learned that Luo Shanshan had entered the country, he immediately sensed that she must have smelled something.
"Do you want to kill her?"
"Find out who else is around her, and if the information she has hasn't been reported, then kill her, otherwise don't startle the snake!"
"Understood! Subordinates will do it! ”
Luo Shanshan's appearance made Zhang Meng feel a little uneasy. Because Luo Shanshan is Kamei's protégé, as Shijie's top detective, if she didn't have some evidence, she wouldn't have come here.
Zhang Meng suddenly had a sense of urgency, and perhaps it was this sense of urgency that made his blood boil suddenly.
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