(303) Pursue the glory of the past
In fact, long before the collection of intelligence through the foreign intelligence system, Soviet Russia had begun to take a series of steps to realize its plans for large-scale covert operations abroad. While the Suppression Committee was still working to defend the Bolshevik system against real and imaginary enemies at home, Soviet spy agencies abroad became active. The main purpose of their activities was to export to the outside world, and most of the operations abroad at that time were not organized by the Suppression Committee, but by the Common-Commons International Organizations, which were controlled by the Bolsheviks. The International Executive Committee of Commons (NKKH) calls itself "
** Base Camp".
After October, a considerable part of the Bolshevik leaders had been expecting it to spread first to Europe and then to the whole world. For the first time
The Great War led to the collapse of several great empires in Central Europe, which gave them hope. Lenin once wrote passionately: "
Coming a lot closer to us in the space of a week, we can assume that it will come in the next few days...... We should risk our lives to help the German workers to speed up the arrival of **, which should soon begin in Germany. ”
Two days after the formal armistice with the Entente, Germany suddenly proclaimed a "republic". Workers' and peasants' Soviets were established in many parts of Germany on the Soviet model. But Lenin's joy and eagerness soon vanished. The uprising in Berlin was quickly suppressed, and the recently formed leader of the German Bolshevik Party, Rosa ? Luxembourg and Karl? Liebknecht was there, and was killed by right-wing militants in the German army. Although their death allowed the German Bolshevik Party to take the place of the German Social Democratic Party as the main left-wing party
The very slim hope was even more hopeless, but Moscow was thus able to impose its will on the German Bolsheviks without hindrance. Because shortly before he was killed, as a leader of the Marxists, Rosa? Luxemburg criticized the Bolshevik system and accused Lenin of not the dictatorship of the proletariat, but of the dictatorship of the proletariat. She was probably the only foreign Bolshevik who dared to openly oppose Lenin and resist the use of the Common International as an instrument of Soviet Russia's foreign policy.
At the inaugural congress of the Comintern held at the Russian Theatre in Moscow, only five delegates were from abroad, and the rest of the delegates "abroad" were chosen by the Central Committee of the Bolsheviks from among the foreign followers who remained in Moscow. Many of them have never even been to the country they represent. Moreover, some of the parties they represent are not established at all.
For most representatives of the European left-wing movement, these technical details do not make much sense. For many left-wing activists, Moscow became the new socialist Jerusalem, and the establishment of the Common International only strengthened their faith in a bright future.
Two weeks after the end of the work of the First Congress of the Comintern, Lloyd? George vs. French Prime Minister Georges? Clemenceau said: "The whole of Europe is full of ** emotions...... Every aspect of the existing political, social and economic order is doubted by the masses of the people everywhere in Europe. ”
In fact, long before the Comintern began to export, **
It's starting to unfold at a rapid pace. Without the help of Moscow, in only a few weeks with a bang, Hungary and Bavaria (one after another) formed republics. The President of the International Co., Ltd., Grigory? Zinoviev once predicted that within a year the whole of Europe would become the best Europe. But the Bolsheviks suffered a heavy blow: in less than a month, the Bavarian Soviet Republic was defeated by regular troops and insurrectionary troops, and the Romanian invasion ended the history of the Hungarian Soviet Republic.
Surprisingly, the German Empire became the only power that had formal diplomatic relations with the Bolshevik regime.
The Soviet Union and Germany exchanged ambassadors after the signing of the Brest-Litovsk Peace Treaty. After the defeat of Germany, the German Emperor Wilhelm II abdicated in favor of Prince Ruprecht, and the national honor of the German Empire was preserved. In order to break the isolation, the German Empire and Soviet Russia, two countries that were at once diametrically opposed in the ideological sphere, came together.
Because of the restrictions stipulated in the "Versailles Treaty" on Germany, such as Germany's inability to develop its air force and navy, its inability to possess heavy equipment such as tanks, large-caliber artillery, and anti-tank guns, and the limitation of the army to 100,000 men, were regarded as a great shame and humiliation by the German high-level leaders, the innate arrogance of the German nation was inevitably tormented by the unequal treaties of defeat and humiliation, and a strong sense of rebellion was inevitably formed. And the German side and the arms industry giants are the direct embodiment of this will to rebel.
They understood that Britain and France had an overwhelming advantage in strength at present, and that it was obvious that confrontation would not work, so secretly Germany did not stop for a moment in trying to "save the country by curve". At this time, Soviet Russia became the best partner. ,
Since the defeated Germany had to obey the fate of the enemy, and Soviet Russia was an outlier that did not enter the stream, the two "orphans" of the international community, feeling that they were "both fallen people at the end of the world," secretly signed the "Laparo Treaty," agreeing to cancel each other's demands for war reparations, fully restore diplomatic relations between the two countries, and establish a close trade alliance. Germany thus became the largest trading partner of Soviet Russia.
This situation may seem incredible, but it is actually very understandable. Because Germany was suppressed by Britain and France, and faced strong hostility from Poland, friendship with Soviet Russia not only benefited each other in trade, but also played an important role in weakening Poland and reducing the pressure on Britain and France on itself politically and militarily.
General Seckert, who had a high prestige in the German army, was the initiator of the insistence on establishing military and industrial cooperation with the Soviet Union. He has always firmly maintained that the army is the foundation of ruling power, that the power of the army lies in its excellent quality, and that the combat potential of the army comes from the cultivation of the officer corps. Seckert, after the end of World War I, de facto became the soul of the German ** team, despite the General Staff of the German army
It was forcibly abolished by Britain and France, but Seckert, in the name of the War Bureau, retained the essence of the General Staff, the super-strong combat strength of the German army. With the Wehrmacht's 100,000 men in charge, his response was to turn every soldier into the seed of a future army, and every officer would have the abilities of a future general and marshal, and once the war machine was activated, the 100,000 men would be able to train and build a million-strong army at once. Seckert once judged the Soviet-German Treaty of Laparo as follows: "Although [trade with Soviet Russia] was very beneficial to Germany, its economic value [of the treaty] was not the main aspect, but the political significance was the key." The progress of Soviet-German relations was the largest and only increase in power that Germany had achieved so far in peace. The progress of such relations is generally justified in the beginning of economic cooperation,
(Soviet-German) cooperative
Lies in the fact that such economic interaction will pave the way for future political and military cooperation. ”
Many leaders of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union were initially not optimistic about the secret alliance with Germany, and Dzerzhinsky was skeptical about it, but Lenin insisted on the idea of an alliance with Germany, and the alliance was finally realized. And judging by the current results, Lenin's proposition is undoubtedly quite wise. For the nascent Soviet Russia, it can be described as a miracle in the field of diplomacy.
The enemies facing the Soviet regime now are China and Japan from the East.
Dzerzhinsky's gaze slowly moved across the map, eventually stopping in the east.
Can the same miracle be replicated in the East?
Dzerzhinsky stared closely at the slender Primorsky island on the map, lost in thought.
It took him a long time to come to his senses, and in a few strokes he ate all the rest of the food, then took his pen and began to write down on a piece of paper his great idea that had come to him in a flash of inspiration.
“…… I believe that while adhering to the policy of the two declarations on China and supporting the work of the Chinese Party, we should strengthen our ties with Japan, whose situation in the East is very similar to that of the German Empire in the West, and it is likely to become the second country after the German Empire to play a decisive role in maintaining the independence and existence of Soviet power......"
Kazakhstan, on the banks of the Talas River.
Yang Shuoming looked at the ruins of the ancient battlefield in the distance, and slowly walked forward on horseback, his gaze swept over the ground from time to time, as if he was looking for something.
"Are you sure this is the ancient battlefield of the past?" Long Yonghua looked at Yardi, who was leading the way, and asked.
"This is it." Yardi nodded and replied affirmatively, "But I'm not sure if it's the place the general is looking for." He glanced at Yang Shuoming and said.
Yang Shuoming didn't say anything, and suddenly he jumped off the horse as if he had discovered something, and Paris, who was with him, also jumped off the horse.
Yang Shuoming leaned down, stretched out his hand and gently brushed away a layer of sand on the ground, and took out the buried things below.
That's one
The small iron bar, which was so badly corroded, could hardly be seen its original face, but Yang Shuoming was still sure that it was once a sharp arrowhead.
"What is this?" Paris came to Yang Shuoming's side and squatted down curiously, looked at the things in his hand and asked.
"It's a crossbow arrow." Yang Shuoming handed her the arrow in his hand, and according to the analysis prompt given by the "supercomputer eye", he said to her, "The range of this crossbow arrow should be able to reach 300 meters." ”,
"You know so much." Paris looked at him with admiration in her eyes and said with a smile.
Yang Shuoming smiled and didn't speak again, he straightened up and walked forward, his eyes still paying attention to the things on the ground from time to time, Paris followed him, sweeping the ground with a pair of beautiful leather boots from time to time, helping him find the relics of the ancients that might appear.
"This is what I found in a cave the last time I was here." Yardi came to Yang Shuoming's side, spread out his huge palm, and delivered a shiny gray-white thing in front of him.
Yang Shuoming saw that on Yaerdi's palm, it turned out to be a small flaky jade ring, and he couldn't help but be stunned, he carefully picked up the jade ring and looked at it carefully in the sun.
This jade ring is made of Hetian green and white jade, and is carved with a vigorous winged flying dragon (Ying Long), which is majestic and majestic, and the carving technique and the surrounding cloud pattern decoration have obvious Tang Dynasty jade characteristics. It may be because the age is too old and the relationship between use, there are some ornaments on the jade ring
Wear and tear.
"This is indeed the birthplace of Talas." Long Yonghua sighed and said, "I didn't expect it to be the big battle that happened here. ”
The Battle of Talas was a battle in Central Asia between the forces of the Tang Dynasty during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and the forces of the emerging Arab Abbasid Empires from the Shia sect of Islam. The Battle of Talas was a battle of the time
The collision between the most powerful Eastern and Western empires on the continent had far-reaching implications. And this time, Yang Shuoming followed the footsteps of his ancestors and came here, and the feeling in his heart cannot be described in a few words.
The 6th to 8th centuries AD were known to Western Europeans as the "Dark Ages". However, outside of Western Europe
It was not "dark" at this time, and there were three great empires in Eurasia that were in their prime. In addition to Byzantium, which held on to southeastern Europe and the Near East, the other two were the Tang Empire and the Arab Empire.
In 751, China was in an unprecedented heyday during the Tianbao period of the Tang Dynasty. During the reign of Li Longji, the national power of the Tang Dynasty reached its peak, and it was at that time
on the most respected power.
The ancestors of the Han people, the Huaxia people, mastered the land of the Yellow River Valley (Central Plains) and the Yangtze River Valley (Jiangnan) through war and cultural integration. For the Han people, the wilderness outside the southern part of the Central Plains was unattractive - because these lands could not be used to grow crops on a large scale; However, the "expansion" of the Han nationality was mostly due to the massacres, plundering and harassment carried out by the surrounding ethnic groups in order to compete for the territory that belonged to them in the past, and they raised troops on a large scale for the purpose of stabilizing the territory of the country and preventing future troubles. In order to defend Chang'an, it is necessary to occupy Hexi, in order to defend Hexi, it is necessary to control Qinghai, in order to control Qinghai, it is necessary to occupy the Western Regions to divide the forces of the Tubo Empire, so that it cannot expand to the east with troops, during the reign of Tang Gaozong, the Eastern and Western Turkic Khanates were successively destroyed by China, and the small states in the Western Regions such as Yiwu, Shanshan, Gaochang, Yanqi, Qiuzi, Shule, and Khotan were either forced to surrender to the Tang Dynasty or destroyed by force in the following decades. Since then, the Tang Dynasty has established a Western Regions ruling system with the four towns of Anxi - Qiuci, Shule, Khotan, and Yanqi as the core, and the Anxi Protectorate is located in Qiuci Town. Despite the Orthodox West
Most historians believe that the jurisdiction of the Anxi Imperial Protectorate cannot be regarded as the official territory of the Tang Empire, but only the outer protectorate of the Tang Empire, but until the Kaiyuan and Tianbao periods, this area has always been within the Chinese cultural circle and influenced by Chinese culture.
Around the same time, the Arabs of the Middle East were also rising rapidly. Muslims since the Prophet Muhammad and the Four Orthodox Caliphs
Controlling a vast territory that the Assyrians, Persians and Romans had never dared to imagine, it expanded from a few tribes on the Arabian Peninsula to an unprecedented empire spanning three continents: Europe, Asia and Africa, occupying all of North Africa and Spain to the west, and encompassing all of West Asia and most of Central Asia to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea became an inland lake for the Arabs. The Arab Empire became another pole of influence in the Western Regions outside of China and Tibet.
Due to the huge geographical advantage of the Arab Empire, coupled with the fierce battle between the Tang army and Tibet in Qinghai during this period, there was no time to take care of the Western Regions, and the influence of Arabia was slowly reflected. Since the Tang Dynasty had to defeat the Arabs in order to establish hegemony in Central Asia, and the Arabs had to defeat the Tang Dynasty's challenge in order to fully control Central Asia, a decisive battle between the two sides was inevitable. ,
In 750 AD, the Tang Dynasty sent Gao Xianzhi to lead the army to conscript on the grounds that the Western Regions vassal state Shiguo was "no courtiers", and Gao Xianzhi captured the capital of Shiguo. The prince of Shi, who escaped by chance, appealed to the Abbasids of the Arab Empire for help. Arab reinforcements planned to attack the four towns of the Tang Dynasty's Western Regions. After receiving the news, Gao Xianzhi preemptively led his army from Anxi, and after a three-month long journey over the green mountains and deserts, he arrived at the city of Talas, a famous city in Central Asia, in July
Thousands of Arab troops were stationed first, and the Don army then began to lay siege to the city of Talas. After receiving the news of Gao Xianzhi's attack, the Arabs quickly gathered a large army and rushed to the city of Talas, Gao Xianzhi attacked the city for five days, and the Arab reinforcements arrived, attacking the Tang army from behind, and the two sides launched a decisive battle on the bank of the Talas River.
Under the command of Gao Xianzhi, a famous general of the Tang Dynasty, the Tang army was extremely good at fighting, relying on the strong bows and crossbows of the infantry and the sharp blades of the Mo knife, Gao Xianzhi once had a great advantage, and the cavalry of the Tang Army once completely suppressed the Arab cavalry.
Due to the absolute numerical superiority of the Arab coalition forces, Gao Xianzhi was unable to achieve the final victory. On the fifth day of the battle, the situation changed abruptly, and after the Tang army fought until the evening, the mercenaries of the Qarluq tribe suddenly mutinied, and they surrounded the Tang army and the Han infantry corps from behind and severed their contact with the cavalry. The Arab coalition army took advantage of the opportunity of the Tang army to temporarily fall into chaos due to the sudden defection of the Qarluq mercenaries, and dispatched a large number of cavalry to assault the center of the ** squadron, and the Tang army, which had been fighting for days, could no longer support it under the internal and external attacks, and finally collapsed, and the elite troops of the Anxi Han army of about 20,000 people were almost wiped out, leaving only a few thousand people to escape. After collecting the remnants of the army, the brave Gao Xianzhi was not reconciled, and still wanted to carry out a counterattack,
Under the persuasion of the deputy general Li Siye, he finally gave up.
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