Japan's golden route will be direct immediately, the fastest clipper ship can be thousands of miles a day (speed 16 knots, that is, nearly 30 kilometers per hour, a day to maintain full speed is 700 kilometers), Mingzhou (Ningbo) City Sailing to Nagasaki, Japan is only 900 kilometers, the safest medium-speed voyage can also be guaranteed to arrive in 3 days, plus loading and unloading and trade exchange time, a round trip is only 15 days. This is more than ten times more efficient than sailing twice a year and two months at a time before the clipper was built (the clipper has more masts and more sails, does not need to have a tailwind and relies heavily on trade wind navigation).

This steam turbine propeller was the ultimate sailing ship before the advent of modern ships made of all-steel, using the technology that blinded all shipyard technicians, all-steel keel, rudder, booster, variable speed and labor-saving pulley, automatic sail system (accumulating sandbags), sextant, super clock with an error of one second a month, precise charts (a simplified version of modern charts brought by the traversal, only the coastline and latitude and longitude, the prime meridian is on the golden island), super compass, soft sail, hard sail, bone, spinnaker, ball sail, Copper-plated iron sheet below the waterline (patina can poison marine life clinging to the bottom of the ship and increase speed), breech guns for self-defense (rifled ultra-long-range range), flowering bombs, incendiary bombs (white phosphorus), telescopes, multi-layer watertight compartments, hand-cranked water pump (sucking up stagnant water to prevent sinking and partial fire extinguishing function), 1:6 aspect ratio of the rear width hull design (the hull is designed to be streamlined, but the objects imitated in the East and West are different; Europeans imitate fish, while Chinese imitate waterfowl. So that the widest part of their hull was in front of the middle, and the widest part of the Chinese hull was behind the middle. Later studies of fluid mechanics proved that the Chinese approach was more scientific, because ships generally did not swim in the water like fish, but rowed between water and air like water birds (such as ducks and geese). After realizing this, Western ships also placed the widest part at the back of the middle, just like Chinese ships. ), fireworks flares, modern anchors, winches for retracting anchors, calcium carbide navigation lights, searchlights, simple fire extinguishers, nitrate refrigerators to preserve cold food, first aid kits (artemisinin for malaria, berberine, yogurt, montmorillonite, treatment of dysentery to treat cholera, streptomycin injection to treat plague, antibiotics more expensive than gold are naturally used on expensive seafarers, vitamin lozenges for sepsis), sunglasses to prevent eye diseases (sea voyages are prone to eye fatigue, presbyopia, vision loss), Simple manpower cranes that can be disassembled and assembled in backward areas where there are no docks, etc.

These technologies have reduced the risk of navigation by more than an order of magnitude, and at the same time, the cost of navigation has been greatly reduced, the speed is faster, there are basically no casualties among seafarers, the self-defense force that destroys all islands, the powerful hull that resists storms, the positioning strength that will hardly be lost, the humanized design and equipment details, and the crew at all levels who are upgraded and assessed by the trainee sailors step by step are the greatest manpower guarantee. Each of these ships is worth hundreds of thousands of dollars, and it is a money-making machine piled up with money. A fleet of 12 ships with a transportation capacity of 36,000 tons can earn more than 1 million yuan in net profits just by running the route from Quanzhou to Basra in a year. The cost of 10,000 pieces of porcelain is not more than 1,000 yuan, and buying Basra is more than 10,000 yuan, and you can run at least five times a year. That's why Traversal refuses to accept orders, and it's better to make more money by selling the ship yourself.

No one can surpass the traversal in trade, and no one can surpass the traversal in attracting high-level talent. The owner of the ship can come up with a treatment that surpasses that of the crossers, who have a large number of crew members competing for employment without paying, and the clause that an accompanying crew member can carry items that do not exceed the limit of the duties makes the crew crazy (a lowliest sailor who washes the deck can carry 3 stone of goods, and the captain reaches 30 tons), which is equivalent to letting the seafarer occupy the transport tonnage or buy shares. At the end of the year, the crew members can make an astonishing profit from the entrainment of smuggled goods. Coupled with the fact that the risks and threats are much lower than those of traditional maritime vessels, all the old sailors who pretend to be high surrender when the shipping companies below them reveal the terms of their insurance.

In the past, China has never established a direct sales network to maximize trade profits, and all the silk, porcelain, tea, and high-end manufactured goods exported are sold to transit merchants, and the profits earned will not exceed 50% at most. It was not until the Ming Dynasty that Chinese merchant ships went directly to trade with foreign trade partners in neighboring countries, and appeared on a large scale in the Western waters outside Malacca for a long time. After the appearance of this kind of rapid giant ship, it immediately caused panic among the coastal merchants. What they are most afraid of is losing their monopoly position in trade with China, because they all started by monopolizing this route of at least 300% profiteering, and if they lose this technological monopoly, they will inevitably fall into the streets under the competition of China's huge shipbuilding capacity.

Chen Guanxian was in charge of foreign trade financing and shipbuilding, Bai Jia was in charge of cargo supply and import and export transportation, and Li Fei was mainly in charge of providing seafarers and collecting customs duties. As the saying goes, cutting off people's wealth is like killing their parents, and a suddenly appearing giant wants to grab food with himself, which naturally makes the merchants panic and hate.

After urgent consultations, Chen Guanxian and others met with the representatives of Fanshang, and after some fierce negotiations, the crossers accepted the proposal of the businessman surnamed Pu, and at the same time, the representatives of the Fanshang also accepted part of the exchange terms proposed by the crossers.

A document that will affect the national trade rules for hundreds of years to come, the two sides agreed that all import and export materials and commodities should be graded according to the quality and condition grade of the same number of experts and authoritative figures on both sides, and as long as 2/3 of the people agree to a certain level, this standard will automatically become the standard for the grade of import and export commodities in the future.

The accompanying Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) is a standard classification method for statistical and comparative use of internationally traded goods. The formulation of the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) owes much to Wang Neng, who is in charge of trade, his grievances about the grading system and the catalogue of goods. Wang Neng set out to develop a catalogue of international trade terms, terminology and commodity statistics. In the 6th year of Yuanyou, the "Draft Tariff Terminology" was published, and on the basis of this draft, it was revised into the "Compendium of Commodity Catalogues of International Trade Statistics" for use by all partners. The standard is divided into 10 categories, 50 major categories, 150 medium classes and 570 sub-categories. Serve as a common basis for all partners to report on trade statistics and to conduct systematic analysis of import and export trade. This standard was recommended to all partners by the Chenji Chamber of Commerce at the beginning of the sixth year of Yuanyou. After the promulgation and implementation of the Standard International Trade Classification, it can be revised, except for the category framework unchanged, other categories will be expanded accordingly with the increase of levels. The economic classification standard is adopted, i.e., by raw materials, semi-finished products, and finished products, and reflects the origin and degree of processing of the industrial sector of the commodity. The standard catalog is represented by 5 digits, with the first digit representing the class, the first two digits representing the chapter, the first 3 digits representing groups, and the first 4 digits representing groups.

There are also trade principles that appear to be very fair, but in fact contain huge pitfalls. Skilled and keen to set standards and core rules, the Travelers have brought out the ultimate weapon. One was signed with all foreign businessmen

The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), a highly deceptive clause cloaked in the principle of fairness, delighted all dealers. the principle of non-discrimination, including the principles of most-favoured-nation treatment and national treatment; the formation of international trade organizations whose members trade for mutual benefit; Market access: negotiated and progressively greater trade liberalization; promoting fair competition and trade; encouraging development and economic reforms; Trade policies, regulations, transparency principles, etc. are all powerful tools to fool merchants.

In addition, the export of new concepts in the field of tariffs, such as the application of most-favored-nation treatment (the principle of unconditional most-favored-nation treatment is applied between contracting parties to import and export goods and related tariff collection methods, rules and regulations, sales and transportation, etc.). However, customs unions, free trade areas and preferential arrangements for developing countries are exceptions to MFN treatment), tariff concessions (through negotiations between contracting parties to reduce tariffs on a reciprocal basis and to bind the results of the concessions to ensure that stable tariff rates are applied to the exports of the contracting parties), and the elimination of import quantity restrictions (GATT stipulates that, in principle, import quantity restrictions should be removed). However, due to the exception of balance-of-payments difficulties), protective and emergency measures (in the event of significant damage or significant threat to producers of the same product or in direct competition with the country due to unforeseen circumstances or due to a sharp increase in the import volume of a product, the Contracting State may suspend its obligations to the extent and for the time necessary to prevent or correct such damage, or to revoke or modify the concessions made) gave the merchants a sense of the gentleness and remoteness of the Great Song Empire.

To put it bluntly, it is to bully the fanshang who does not know how to cross the powerful industrial production capacity. A trade agreement was made to turn all countries that had trade relations with the Great Song Empire into dumping centers for commodities and raw materials. As for the fear of crossing the public to grab their own jobs, the worries were resolved by a paper package sales contract, which promised in the contract that the existing import quantity would not decline, and that all the ivory, coral, pearls, agate, and rhino horn exported to China by merchants from various countries would not be unsalable. All goods exported by the Great Song Empire were completely open, and the highest price was the first-come, first-served. Hot-selling silk, porcelain, tea, copper coins, copperware, iron and steel products, bows and crossbows, Chinese patent medicines, salt, rock sugar and other goods can be shipped back as long as they pay export tax of no more than 3% of the value of the goods. The company will not transport these goods to any port in the country of the signatory member countries for sale, but will only import and export bulk goods, such as exporting copper coins, metal ingots, grain, feed fertilizers, tobacco, daily chemical products, machinery, clocks and instruments, stationery, jewelry, high-end furniture and other luxury goods that the merchants are not involved in, and importing fruits, ores, timber, oil, and the same amount of high-priced and low-cost raw material primary products.