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[238] Management modernization

Xiao Qiang sat in a Buick sedan dispatched by Qingdao City, and another Chrysler sedan drove toward the Sifang Factory in the northern suburbs of Qingdao under the escort of two military trucks loaded with heavily armed fighters in front and behind. Xiaoqiang asked the driver if he had a ride: "Comrade driver, you have a lot of good cars in Qingdao, this Buick is the same as the car used by the central leadership." ”

The driver smiled: "Now that the country has stopped importing, how can there be a new car, this Buick is the original car of the Kuomintang Security Command, after it was seized, it is now rationed to the mayor of our Xiang, this car is six years old, the engine is a little problematic now, and the climb always stops." ”

Historically, China bought a batch of cars from the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe to serve as high-end cars, but at present, the Government Council obviously has no such plan, and it seems that it has to find its own way. Although the Beijing 212 jeep production line has been procured at present, there is still a year before it is put into production. The military jeep used to receive foreign guests is really not good-looking, and it seems that it is necessary to introduce a car production line......

Xiaoqiang asked, "Master, how many years have you been driving?" ”

"I've been driving since the Republic of China and have been driving for eleven years."

"Then what car do you think is the most comfortable to drive?"

…………

Xiaoqiang and the driver chatted all the way, and the car slowly drove to the Sifang Locomotive Factory on the narrow gravel road that was not easy to walk.

After receiving the call, Wu Geng hurriedly came out to greet the engineer Li Guoming, who was shocked by Xiaoqiang's youth, and judged in his heart that he must be a scientist who came back from studying abroad and had seen the world, otherwise he couldn't explain that he was able to come down as an expert to inspect at a young age.

Xiaoqiang shook hands with everyone one by one without delay, and directly followed the factory leaders and Wang Jun, director of the Qingdao Municipal Public Security Bureau, who accompanied the security guards, into the conference room of the Sifang Locomotive Factory.

After introducing the situation in the factory, Wu Geng, the director of the factory, said bluntly: "After research, our factory decided to produce the "forward" steam locomotive head according to the drawings. Although this is very difficult, our Sifang factory is confident to complete the task. ”

Wu Geng said is still more subtle, he did not dare to guarantee that before the National Day in 1950, the "forward type" will be imitated, after all, according to the drawings, the forward type has more than 2,000 parts, many of which are quite difficult to process, and the processing process is also relatively complex. Judging from the assembly flow chart of Zuihou, the assembly method is also the welding method after the bridge hoisting and nesting that has not been used by Sifang Factory in the past.

Xiaoqiang was very happy to see that the Sifang Locomotive Factory was as he wished, and finally chose the most Haode steam locomotive on Shijie for production. This "forward type" is the largest number of steam heads made in New China, with a total of 4,540 units produced! More than 40 jishu improvements have been made in more than 30 years, not to mention major problems, even small problems have been changed. So much so that the iron boss has always been very comfortable, stunned to make China a country that stopped producing steam locomotives, until 1988, when the number 7207 Zuihou rolled off the assembly line, and finally stopped producing steam locomotives.

"Director Wu, your choice is correct, the power efficiency of the steam locomotive is generally only 5% to 7%, China's current locomotive, the most maintenance haode is only 6%, the general old car is about 5%, and the drawings of the "forward" steam locomotive have been improved many times, and the power efficiency has reached 8.42% on average, which is the first shijie! After improvement, the use of special thermal coal in Hegang Coal Mine, the power efficiency can reach 10.8%, which is the absolute first steam locomotive. ”

Hearing that his choice was affirmed by experts, Wu Geng felt more confident, he said: "But to be honest, we originally planned to complete the first domestic nose before the National Day, for the National Day, but at the moment, it may not be able to be completed, after all, there are more than 2,000 parts in a car head, and now it is only more than five months away from the National Day." ”

Xiaoqiang said: "How can it not be completed, the follow-up materials allocated by the central government will arrive immediately, including high-pressure boiler steel plates, pistons, cylinders, wheelsets, bogies, and even the bottom of the old car, I calculated that these materials are enough for you to assemble 300 locomotives." With these main components, you produce the rest of the rest yourself, and I don't think it's a problem to install the first car before the National Day. ”

Wu Geng was stunned when he heard this, and immediately replied after recovering his senses: "So that's the case, so that's the case, Secretary Cao, don't you say it earlier, I want to know that it's assembly, so what am I worried about." ”

Xiaoqiang said: "Assembly is assembly, whether the installation is good or not, if the product performance depends on the design and materials, then the product quality depends on the production level." Besides, although the materials of the main components are available, the remaining parts can not be manufactured casually, and they must be produced in strict accordance with the jishu indicators on the drawings, and the ability and quality of the employees of your Sifang factory must also be continuously improved, and you must go towards the road of complete self-production in the future. ”

Wu Geng nodded and said: "Secretary Cao, don't worry, I guarantee here that all parts and components must be assembled after reaching the standard measurement standard, and never put an inferior product on the car!" ”

A worker added hot water to the teacup in front of everyone, and Xiaoqiang blew the hot tea and said: "I don't say this because I'm worried that you will be shoddy, but I hope that your Sifang Factory will take the lead in forming a system for locomotive production and future maintenance to grasp and improve the level of China's locomotive repair to a higher level." ”

Chief Engineer Li Guoming hurriedly asked: "May I ask Expert Cao, what kind of system?" ”

Xiaoqiang pecked a little hot tea, and said with his memory: "First of all, you must step up the reconstruction and expansion of the plant and the scientific adjustment of the process route, and form a closed section for the production of various components for management, such as the guide crosshead, moving axle box, rocking rod, valve moving rod, guide wheel bogie, spring, brake device and its accessories, oil press, stoner, brake machine, wind pump, feed pump, etc., must have a special workshop for production, do not follow the backward practices in history, in a large processing workshop, All kinds of parts are made together. Only specialized and single manufacturing can effectively improve product quality, improve the qualified rate of finished products of single components, and improve production progress. According to the plan of the Ministry of Railways, in the future, your output will be increased to 400 locomotives a year. ”

When Wu Geng heard Xiaoqiang say that the annual output was 400 units, he almost fainted, and said in his heart how big a factory can be an annual output of 400 machine heads? The current Sifang factory, even if the production is successful according to the drawings, it is an unimaginable and arduous task to achieve an annual output of 30 units.

In fact, the Datong Locomotive Factory, which was built with the aid of the Soviet Union in later generations, is such a giant, which is of course something that the poor and white Chinese people dare not dream of at this moment.

Li Guoming secretly gave Xiaoqiang a thumbs up in his heart, and asked like a student hungryly: "Please Secretary Cao tell us more about the advanced locomotive production system, our Sifang Locomotive Factory very much hopes to build itself into an advanced locomotive production base." ”

Wu Geng also said eagerly: "Secretary Cao, let's talk about it again, let's study hard." ”

What Xiaoqiang said is actually the common sense that every student who has studied industrial automation in later generations understands, but in these years, there are one or two dozen belt machine tools in a factory, and it is already a large factory! When a delegation of the Tibetan local government went to Beijing and saw a workshop with more than a dozen belt machine tools processing steel parts, they were amazed and hurriedly signed a peaceful liberation agreement.

Therefore, even an old factory like Sifang Factory, which has repaired locomotives for 50 years, has never seen a closed section assembly line specializing in processing and assembling a single component.

Xiaoqiang had to continue: "After each workshop adopts a closed section of specialized production, you can start to arrange the production flow chart qualitatively, quantitatively and regularly, and how long it takes for a locomotive to be built, you don't need to estimate the left and right for half a day, but it will be clear when you calculate it." And the quality of each component can also be controlled and traced, which can be traced back to the individual at the source. This system is a must for enterprises to arrange and formulate production jihua. In the future, your raw material reserves can be accurately controlled, and the output of jihua can also be accurately controlled, which is the first step of scientific production, and it must be done. ”

Wu Geng hurriedly recorded it when he heard this, and he was overjoyed, and said in his heart: "The central government really wants to build the Sifang Factory into a first-class factory, and after these components are planned as a closed section of a single assembly line, it is indeed possible to adopt the method of the workshop director responsibility system to calculate the production capacity of the product qualitatively, regularly and quantitatively." ”

Xiaoqiang continued: "After you complete the construction of the workshop in the closed section, you can start to fix the operation procedures, fixed operation positions, fixed operation rhythms, fixed jishu standards, fixed process equipment, and fixed labor organizations. After that, the transformation of process specialization, time synchronization, and operation synchronization began. These six fixed plus three transformations can greatly improve production efficiency, and the factory manager can effectively adjust the rhythm of each section to avoid the disadvantages of the existing section being idle, some sections being busy, and the quality being uncontrollable. This is scientific scheduling management. ”

Xiaoqiang is very sad for the leaders who do not understand scientific production management at all in these years, they are often full of energy, all day in the work, and even some people soak in the factory all year round, but people in Europe have been in the 20s to put the super-large-scale factory through strict scientific management, into a huge machine that can run in accordance with the quality and quantity of production without the instructions of the leader. This is what later generations said about seeking benefits from management.

Xiaoqiang said: "The 491 engineering team is compiling a book of "Modern Industrial Enterprise Management", and when the compilation is completed, each factory will send it down, hoping that everyone can seriously study and improve the production management of our large state-owned enterprises to the world-class level." ”

The meeting went very smoothly, and then Wu Geng and Li Guoming took Xiaoqiang to visit the entire Sifang Locomotive Factory, and saw the dilapidated factory buildings of the Sifang Factory and the workers wearing dirty and tattered work clothes, Xiaoqiang felt very uncomfortable.

Compared with the weak industries that are still in the cradle of New China and the modern factories that are bright and clean in later generations, there is still a long way to go.