Why did the heavy agricultural Qing Dynasty fail to get the foreigners who founded the country by business in agriculture? In addition to the scientific and technological factors, there is another important reason related to the nature of trade - the social division of labor. The Chinese people have a wrong understanding of commerce, and take it for granted that merchants do not produce food or physical goods, but only buy low and sell high to earn the difference, and are unscrupulous traitors who do not produce.

This is a big mistake, the merchants work hard to procure, transport goods, store them carefully, select the store site, and shout hard, this is all labor, a bridge between the producers of different goods, and it is definitely not a dispensable deposit. The more developed and smooth this bridge is, the easier it will be for producers to sell their goods for almighty money. At the same time, the merchant is the best producer of resources, and the price fluctuation is used to clearly indicate what the market needs. What does it mean for the grain to hurt the peasants? On the one hand, it is possible that commerce is underdeveloped, and the owners who need the grain cannot reach the farmers who have the grain at a reasonable price. On the other hand, it will make the peasants reduce their enthusiasm for production, which is a benign signal, reminding the township party that grows grain that it is time to do something else, raise chickens, pigs, silkworms, and cotton, and in short, do not hang themselves on a tree.

Like a country with developed Western trains, the southernmost products can be transported to the northernmost market cheaply, and the market is huge, and it is not easy to have a situation where the goods are so low that the producers have no return. In the future, the Qing Dynasty will definitely build a railway network to promote the development of commerce. If international trade routes and waterways can be opened, it will be a bigger market. The foreigners realized the importance of commerce very early, so they made an appointment with our Qing Dynasty to trade, but the Chinese people refused to open up because they saw the Celestial Empire as omnipresent, which was not the arrogance of the foreigners, but the ignorance of things before the Qing Dynasty. Although the Qing Dynasty was forced to open the country, it is not necessarily a bad thing.

About customs duties. The Qing Emperor rebuked the former customs officials for doing things unfavorably, collecting too many bad rules, and secretly setting up clever names to damage not only the interests of foreign merchants, but also the interests of China. The mortgage of the customs to the British and the Bank of Zurich in order to pay off the war reparations was a national shame and an opportunity, and the Prime Minister's Affairs Yamen was instructed to select suitable personnel to go to the customs controlled by foreigners to learn modern customs knowledge, so as to lay the foundation for the future recovery and good management of the Qing Dynasty.

The residents of the Kowloon Peninsula in Xin'an County, which had been ceded to the United States, must abide by the laws of the British, and do not play tricks to harm the interests of the British as the imperial court did in the past. The court heard that the law of foreign rule is very different from that of our country, emphasizing the law and less about human feelings, perhaps this is a more advanced law, and I hope that the residents of Kowloon will not be resentful, this is also a good opportunity to experience the Western legal system on behalf of the Qing court. This is really remarkable, could it be that in the future, the Qing Dynasty will have to learn the Western legal system? Those who have a heart, such as Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang, have seen the unprecedented determination of the imperial court to make great efforts. Conservative officials are therefore going to impeach the author of this article for "disturbing the government" and other crimes.

Although the teachings of Christianity are absurd, they are also a way to persuade people to be good and comfort people in life, old age, sickness and death, and there are similarities with Buddhism, Taoism, and Hui. The subjects can listen to it.

Although the treaty with the foreigners allowed them to preach freely, our subjects also had the right to not believe, and the local officials had to clarify the rights of both sides, not only to abide by the treaty to allow them to proselytize, but also to protect the freedom of the Qing people not to believe. It is also not allowed to regard the Taiping Army's worship of God as nonsense such as the so-called possession of gods as Christianity.

At this time, attentive readers have noticed that the wording of the Daqing News to the Cantonese bandits is quite gentle, and no longer uses a lot of disparaging titles, what kind of rhythm is this?

Emperor Xianfeng had doubts about Chinese laborers going to sea also had a certain basis, before Tangning continued to improve the conditions of navigation, medical care, food and communication, a large number of Chinese laborers were like black slaves who were forcibly sold, and sailed in cramped and dirty boats, and experienced an extremely high mortality era.

Finally, the British jury system was introduced, and there was a flattering statement of moderation, so that the people of the Qing Dynasty believed that the foreign people committed crimes in China and were also to be tried, but the legal system was very different from the original Qing Dynasty, if the Qing people wanted to experience it, please go to Hong Kong and Shanghai Concessions, and the imperial court would look at the affairs of the West with an open attitude, and take it if it was desirable, and China would face changes that had not been seen in 3,000 years, and could no longer be subject to the laws of the ancestors.

"A change unseen in 3,000 years!" This is as if I said this, Lord Li Hongzhang sighed, if the imperial court can maintain such a level of introspection after this defeat, it can also be said to be a blessing in disguise.

At the end of the long article, there is the handwriting of Emperor Xianfeng: "The emperor of the Great Qing Dynasty loves Xinjueluo Yi Xi to review and encourage the people of the Qing Dynasty."

Emperor Xianfeng completely disagreed with this strange article written by Tang Ning himself, but after hearing Jiao Youying howling under torture, he didn't dare to make a decent protest, so he could only sign this unwilled comment.

This "Xiongwen" should not only be distributed to the people of the Qing Dynasty, but even the ministers such as Su Shun, who were under house arrest, could take a look at it and give them a scientific overview of the current trend.

Kuang Yuan, the right attendant of the military department, expressed a little interest in the full-color map of the world, and asked a question: "Is the whole world so big?" ”

Downing explained to him that the earth is a ball, and why people standing on top of it and below it don't fall, because there is universal suction, and the big ball adsorbs everything to the surface. Empty words are unfounded, seeing is believing. In addition to painting, there is also photography in the art of science and technology, and some photographers have photographed the huge body of a 10,000-ton ship partially obscured by the sea level in the distance, and there is no better picture to reflect the image of the earth as a sphere.

If it is on land, then there is an excuse that it can be said that it is because of the ups and downs of the terrain, but at sea, everyone knows the truth that the water flows to a low place, and it cannot be because of the ups and downs of the terrain.

Nowadays, the Qing Dynasty people have probably heard more or less of the foreigners' argument that the earth is round, but few people believe that you just do Galileo's Leaning Tower of Pisa again, and they still can't figure out the acceleration caused by gravity, which requires abstract thinking, and the charm of the science and art school lies in this, revealing the mysteries of nature in an intuitive way. Not to mention that in the East, as in the West where Christianity is popular, most people can't turn around and think that the earth is a big cube.

Is it possible to fax a colourful photograph from the British Museum to Rehe? Of course! Now due to the powerful computing auxiliary ability of liquid crystal random memory, fax technology is simply upgraded to convert the photoelectric effect into digital signals, and then through guò radio waves for lossless propagation, thousands of miles away can still get lifelike color photos, the seal of the emperor's treasure is transmitted in this way, impressive, all of a sudden the royal majesty is vividly embodied.

Now, from the emperor, empress, imperial concubine, and ministers to the imprisoned people, everyone feels that the thief chief is by no means an idle person, and color photos can be transmitted thousands of miles away in an instant. Why is it unheard of yourself?

In order to block as much as possible the news of his holding the Son of Heaven hostage, Tang Ning allowed these prisoners to have their own office space in order to handle government affairs that were impossible for him, an outsider, to handle, otherwise the courtiers outside would be suspicious within a few days. Of course, all correspondence must be checked so that some people do not have bad intentions.

Emperor Xianfeng can still deal with the government with restrictions, in order to help the emperor transmit wireless telegraphy, Yi Guifei also took her maids to learn Wei Tuma pinyin, Tang Ning happened to encounter this scene, and couldn't help but feel happy. This also shows that Concubine Yi is different, other ministers and concubines are all lazy to do, anyway, letters can be written with a brush and then scanned and transmitted, so they are too lazy to study.

The entire Rehe was controlled by a thousand fake guards of Tang Ning, and it became a very special prison. （http：／/.）。

In addition to the key points stated above, the whole newspaper also listed a large number of facts and numbers about Europe, becoming the No. 1 carrier of Tianzi for popularizing common sense, plus the newspaper itself is quite cheap, only selling 8 articles, which is cheaper than a pound of rice. Of course, it is impossible for Downing to treat this business as a money-making business, this is an ultra-low price, a cost price.

Even if he was beaten away and hid by foreigners, many ordinary people still saw the image of Emperor Xianfeng who suddenly woke up and was brave and diligent.

Although Emperor Xianfeng originally gave people the image of an unlucky second goods, no matter how wasteful and scumbag the scum is, there is also the possibility of a prodigal son turning back. It is said that after Tang Sanzang came back from taking scriptures from the West Heaven, he was appreciated by the emperor and allowed him to select disciples from all the people in the country to help translate Sanskrit scriptures. then dragged the prime minister's son, who was prostituting, out of the **** and accepted him as a disciple. The emperor's order was difficult to disobey, and this son-in-law, who was all good at eating, drinking, prostituting and gambling, had no choice but to take his three wives and four concubines to stay in the translation place of Master Sanzang. Three years later, the most unreliable prince in the world turned out to be a generation of monks.

This story is probably, but Emperor Xianfeng now gives people the impression of this extreme change.